Chemistry Heterocyclic Building Blocks Tetrahydrofurans dihydrofuran-3(2H)-one
Hydrolysis: Gamma-butyrolactone can undergo hydrolysis in the presence of an acid or base to form gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB). This reaction is often used for the synthesis of GHB, a psychoactive compound.
Esterification: Gamma-butyrolactone can react with alcohols in the presence of acid catalysts to form esters. For example, it can be converted to gamma-butyrolactone acetate by reacting with acetic acid.
Reduction: Dihydrofuran-3(2H)-one can be reduced to 4-hydroxybutyric acid, also known as gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), using reducing agents like sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride.
Dehydration: Under certain conditions, dihydrofuran-3(2H)-one can undergo dehydration to form crotonolactone, which is a cyclic ester.
Oxidation: Gamma-butyrolactone can be oxidized to produce succinic acid under appropriate conditions, typically with strong oxidizing agents.
Ring-opening reactions: The lactone ring in gamma-butyrolactone can be opened through nucleophilic attacks, leading to the formation of various compounds.
Polymerization: Under specific conditions, gamma-butyrolactone can undergo polymerization reactions, forming larger molecules with multiple lactone rings.
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