ADC toxins are cytotoxic agents in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), delivered to cancer cells via monoclonal antibodies. Common toxins include microtubule inhibitors (e.g., MMAE, DM1) and DNA-damaging agents (e.g., calicheamicin, pyrrolobenzodiazepines). These potent toxins, when linked to antibodies, selectively kill tumor cells while minimizing systemic toxicity. Toxins are attached via cleavable/non-cleavable linkers, released in the tumor microenvironment to disrupt DNA or microtubules, triggering apoptosis. Challenges include optimizing linker stability to prevent off-target effects and balancing potency with safety. ADC toxins have shown efficacy in treating breast cancer and lymphoma. Current research focuses on novel toxins and controlled release mechanisms to enhance therapeutic precision and efficacy.