The Aquaporin (AQP) family is a group of transmembrane proteins responsible for the selective transport of water molecules inside and outside cells. The main members include AQP0 to AQP12. They consist of six transmembrane helical domains and two NPA (Asn-Pro-Ala) sequences, forming water channels. AQPs are widely distributed in various tissues and cells, such as the kidneys, eyes, and brain, and are involved in regulating water balance, cell volume, and transport of tissue fluids. The expression of AQPs is tissue- and cell-specific, and mutations or dysregulation of their genes are associated with various diseases, including nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, edema, and corneal edema.