The dopamine transporter (DAT) is a critical neurotransmitter transporter belonging to the solute carrier family 6 (SLC6). It is composed mainly of 12 transmembrane domains and is located on the presynaptic membrane of dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system, particularly in the striatum. The primary function of DAT is to reuptake dopamine from the synaptic cleft, controlling its concentration within the synaptic space and influencing dopamine-related signaling pathways, such as motor control and reward mechanisms. The gene expression of DAT is regulated by various factors, and its specific expression and functional mutations are associated with several diseases, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Parkinson's disease, and substance addiction.