The diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) family comprises multiple subtypes responsible for converting diacylglycerol (DAG) into phosphatidic acid, thereby regulating intracellular signal transduction. These kinases are localized in various cells and tissues, including the heart, brain, and immune cells, participating in important biological processes such as Ca²⁺ signaling and protein kinase C pathways. The expression of DGK subtypes is tissue-specific, and changes in their activity and expression levels are closely associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases, mental disorders, and cancer. Genetic variations affecting kinase function may increase susceptibility to diseases.