The Fatty Acid Binding Protein (FABP) family consists of multiple members specialized in binding fatty acids, participating in their transport and metabolism. They are widely distributed in the cytoplasm of various tissues such as the heart, liver, intestines, and skin, influencing the uptake, storage, and oxidation of fatty acids. FABPs are involved in multiple signaling pathways, regulating cellular energy balance and inflammatory responses. Gene expression exhibits tissue specificity, with different FABP subtypes expressed in specific tissues, associated with diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Genetic variations can affect their function, altering disease risk.