Coagulation Factor VII (FVII) is a key protein in the blood coagulation process, belonging to the prothrombin protein family. It is a single-chain glycoprotein synthesized in the liver, transported through the bloodstream, and activated at sites of vascular injury. FVII initiates the extrinsic coagulation pathway by binding to tissue factor (TF), promoting thrombus formation to seal damaged vessels. The activity and expression levels of FVII are critical for maintaining normal coagulation balance. Genetic mutations or changes in expression can lead to coagulation dysfunction, manifesting as a tendency to bleed (FVII deficiency) or an increased tendency to form thrombi. Specific expression is primarily in the liver, and its gene expression and mutations significantly impact an individual's coagulation function, making them important factors in the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.