Molecular glues are a class of small molecule compounds that influence intracellular signaling and protein stability by promoting non-native protein-protein interactions. They exhibit diverse structures and can selectively recognize and bind to protein surfaces, guiding aberrant proteins towards proteasomal degradation or altering their functions. Widely distributed within cells, Molecular glues participate in regulating various biological responses and signaling pathways, such as cell cycle control, transcription regulation, and protein degradation. Their activity and specificity are influenced by gene expression patterns and protein interaction networks, while gene mutations may result in abnormal expression or function of molecular glue target proteins. As tools for novel drug development, Molecular glues offer a strategy for specifically modulating disease-associated proteins.