The Neuropeptide Y receptors are a group of G protein-coupled receptors, including family members such as Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5, and Y6. These receptors consist of seven transmembrane alpha helices and are widely distributed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. They participate in regulating various biological responses such as appetite, memory, emotions, and cardiovascular function by binding to ligands like neuropeptide Y, pancreatic polypeptide, and peptide YY. Neuropeptide Y receptors exert their effects through the activation of different signaling pathways such as cAMP, MAPK, etc. Gene expression of these receptors exhibits tissue specificity, and certain gene mutations are associated with health issues like obesity, mental disorders, etc.