NPFF receptors are members of the G protein-coupled receptor family, including two subtypes, NPFF1 and NPFF2, each with seven transmembrane domains. They are primarily expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, such as the brain, spinal cord, and gastrointestinal tract. NPFF receptors participate in regulating physiological responses such as pain perception, cardiovascular function, and digestion by recognizing neuromedin FF and related peptides. They activate various signaling pathways, including IP3, DAG, and cAMP. The specific expression and regulation of NPFF receptors are crucial for pain management, blood pressure regulation, and digestive function. Mutations or abnormal expression of NPFF receptors are associated with the development of pain, cardiovascular diseases, and digestive system disorders.