OGG (Oxoguanine glycosylase) is a key member of the DNA repair enzyme family, primarily responsible for recognizing and excising oxidized guanine bases. Composed of a single multifunctional enzyme protein, OGG is predominantly localized in the nucleus, where it interacts with RNA and DNA. It is widely expressed in various tissues, particularly prominent in rapidly dividing cells. Mutations in the OGG gene can lead to loss of repair function, increasing the risk of cellular transformation and closely associating with various cancers.