Other inhibitors encompass a diverse array of molecules and proteins, including enzyme inhibitors, receptor antagonists, and specific signaling pathway blockers. These inhibitors exhibit structural diversity, ranging from small molecules to complex proteins, and are widely distributed within the cytoplasm, cell membrane, and nucleus. They play crucial roles in regulating cell signaling, metabolic pathways, and various biological responses, involving processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammation. The expression and activity of these inhibitors are tightly regulated by specific genes, and mutations or abnormal expression of these genes may lead to various diseases. Studying the roles of these inhibitors in different biological responses and signaling pathways is of significant importance for understanding cell biology and developing therapeutic strategies.