Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is a member of the pyruvate kinase (PK) family, primarily involved in the glycolysis process, converting phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate and generating ATP. PKM2 is expressed in various cell types, particularly in proliferating cells such as cancer cells, where its activity and expression levels are tightly regulated. PKM2 can exist in different conformations, affecting its enzymatic activity and cellular metabolism. In addition to its role in glycolysis, PKM2 is involved in signaling pathways related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. The specific expression and mutations of the gene are closely associated with the development and progression of cancer, making it a potential therapeutic target for tumors.