Structure of Brequinar
CAS No.: 96187-53-0
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The BI-3802 was designed by Boehringer Ingelheim and could be obtained free of charge through the Boehringer Ingelheim open innovation portal opnMe.com, associated with its negative control.
Brequinar (DUP785) is a potent inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) with an IC50 of 5.2 nM for human DHODH. Brequinar has potent activities against a broad spectrum of viruses.
Synonyms: DUP785; NSC 368390
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da Silva Emery, Flavio ; Vaidergorn, Miguel M ; Purificação, Aline D ; Leite, Pedro IP ; Silva-Mendonça, Sabrina ; Silva, Wemenes JL , et al.
Abstract: In response to the rising challenge of pathogen resistance to anti-infective therapies, innovative approaches such as host-directed therapy are being investigated to bypass these resistance mechanisms. Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a crucial enzyme for synthesizing pyrimidines, which are essential for RNA and DNA biosynthesis. Inhibiting DHODH can deplete the nucleotide pool, thereby impairing the replication of pathogens that depend on this pathway. In this study, we evaluated a library of fragment-like compounds against human DHODH (HsDHODH) and identified a 1,2-diarylethine scaffold as a potential new inhibitor. Utilizing the predicted binding mode and the activity of fragments 3a and 3l against HsDHODH, we designed and synthesized 14 novel diarylethine derivatives focused on improving their potency against the enzyme. The activity of the most potent compound (3e, IC50 1.50 ± 0.02µM) was translated to antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in infected Calu-3 cells (EC50 1.7 ± 0.5µM), with low cytotoxicity. Early ADME in vitro evaluation indicated a need for improved solubility, which will be addressed in subsequent multi-parameter optimization efforts. These findings pave the way for developing novel HsDHODH inhibitors with enhanced pharmacological and pharmacokinetics profiles, offering a promising strategy to address viral diseases that are resistant to conventional treatments.
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Keywords: Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase ; fragments ; antiviral ; host-directed therapy ; diarylethines
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CAS No. : | 96187-53-0 |
Formula : | C23H15F2NO2 |
M.W : | 375.37 |
SMILES Code : | O=C(C1=C(C)C(C2=CC=C(C3=CC=CC=C3F)C=C2)=NC4=CC=C(F)C=C14)O |
Synonyms : |
DUP785; NSC 368390
|
MDL No. : | MFCD00866437 |
InChI Key : | PHEZJEYUWHETKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 57030 |
GHS Pictogram: |
![]() |
Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H302 |
Precautionary Statements: | P280-P305+P351+P338 |
In Vitro:
Cell Line
|
Concentration | Treated Time | Description | References |
4T1 cells | 100 μg/mL | 24 hours | To evaluate the antitumor effect of Brequinar in 4T1 cells, the results showed a significant reduction in cell survival rate. | PMC11626936 |
Lys-GFP-ER-HoxA9 cells | 10 μM | 48 hours | Inhibition of DHODH activity, leading to the accumulation of the upstream metabolite DHO and the depletion of downstream metabolites such as UMP, uridine, UDP, UDP-GlcNAc, and UDP-glucose | PMC7360335 |
THP1 cells | 1 μM | BRQ triggers differentiation of THP1 cells in vitro | PMC7360335 | |
Mouse bone marrow cells | 1 μM | 96 hours | Brequinar inhibited the iμMune-suppressive activity of MDSCs and promoted myeloid cell maturation, particularly affecting the PMN-MDSC subset. | PMC9711879 |
Human bone marrow cells | 1 μM | 96 hours | Brequinar promoted myeloid maturation and inhibited the expression of an iμMune-suppressive phenotype in human myeloid cells. | PMC9711879 |
IMSCs | 100 nM | 7 days | Evaluate the effect of BRQ on iMSCs survival, results showed iMSCs were highly tolerant to BRQ | PMC9939518 |
HiPSCs (1231A3) | 50 nM | 7 days | Evaluate the effect of BRQ on hiPSCs survival, results showed 50 nM BRQ completely eradicated hiPSCs | PMC9939518 |
In Vivo:
Species
|
Animal Model
|
Administration | Dosage | Frequency | Description | References |
mice | 4T1 tumor model | intravenous injection | 60 mg/kg | Once daily for 7 days | To evaluate the antitumor effect of Brequinar in the 4T1 tumor model, the results showed significant inhibition of tumor growth and a 100% survival rate in mice. | PMC11626936 |
mice | THP1 subcutaneous xenograft model | intraperitoneal injection | 30 mg/kg | every three days until the endpoint | BRQ slowed THP1 tumor growth and induced differentiation of THP1 cells | PMC7360335 |
Mouse | 4T1 and E0771.ML-1 mammary tumor models | Intraperitoneal injection | 5.0 mg/kg | Single injection, observed for 35 days | Brequinar enhanced the antitumor activity of anti-PD-1 therapy and reduced spontaneous lung metastases. | PMC9711879 |
Bio Calculators | ||||
Preparing Stock Solutions | ![]() |
1mg | 5mg | 10mg |
1 mM 5 mM 10 mM |
2.66mL 0.53mL 0.27mL |
13.32mL 2.66mL 1.33mL |
26.64mL 5.33mL 2.66mL |
Tags: Brequinar | DUP785 | NSC 368390 | DUP 785 | DUP-785 | NSC368390 | NSC 368390 | NSC-368390 | Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase | SARS-CoV | Virus Protease | DHODH inhibitor | antiviral | SARS-CoV-2 | pyrimidine biosynthesis | DHODH | SARS coronavirus | 96187-53-0
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P302 + P350 | IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
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P304 + P341 | IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
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P337 + P313 | IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
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H311 | Toxic in contact with skin |
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H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
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H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
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