STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) is a crucial component of the cellular innate immune response, belonging to the cytoplasmic receptor family, primarily localized on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. It activates the production of type I interferons (IFN) by recognizing intracellular DNA, participating in biological responses and signaling pathways such as antiviral and antitumor responses. The activation of STING involves the binding of ligands such as cGAMP, which subsequently promotes the phosphorylation of TBK1 and IRF3, leading to the expression of IFN. Gene expression shows specificity in tissues, and mutations or functional deficiencies are associated with the occurrence of autoimmune diseases and certain cancers.