The Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family comprises a critical group of enzymes responsible for transferring glycosyl groups from uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) to small molecule substrates, thereby increasing their solubility to facilitate excretion. This family is located in the endoplasmic reticulum and encompasses multiple subtypes, such as UGT1A and UGT2B, characterized by a high degree of structural diversity. UGT enzymes are expressed in a variety of tissues, especially in the liver, intestines, kidneys, and brain, where they are involved in processes such as detoxification, drug metabolism, and hormone regulation. Their activity is regulated by gene expression, and gene-specific expression and mutations (for example, mutations in the UGT1A1 gene in Gilbert's syndrome) can lead to metabolic abnormalities, affecting drug responses and disease risk.