The VPS (Vesicular Protein Sorting) family is crucial for intracellular protein transport and secretion, involved in the classification, transport, and degradation of cellular materials. These proteins play significant roles in material transfer between the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes. VPS proteins regulate cellular metabolic balance and respond to environmental changes by participating in various signaling pathways, such as autophagy, endocytosis, and the lysosomal pathway. Abnormal expression or mutations in specific VPS genes are associated with the development of various diseases, including genetic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases.