Neodymium, a lanthanide element with the symbol Nd and atomic number 60, is primarily utilized in the production of permanent magnet materials (Nd2Fe14B) and optical glass. Additionally, its compounds serve as catalysts, demonstrating significant catalytic activity in processes such as refinery petroleum cracking (oxidative coupling of methane to ethylene), polymerization, and photocatalytic wastewater treatment. Various Nd-containing compounds, such as Nd2O3, Nd(P204)3/TIBA/Al, NdH3P2W18O62, and Nd-Bi2O3, are effectively employed for these applications.