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CAS No. :	27208-80-6
Formula :	C₂₀H₂₂O₈
M.W :	390.38
SMILES Code :	O([C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)C2=CC(/C=C/C3=CC=C(O)C=C3)=CC(O)=C2
Synonyms :	Piceid; trans-Polydatin; 3,4,5-Trihydroxystilbene-3-beta-monoglucoside
MDL No. :	MFCD00210592
InChI Key :	HSTZMXCBWJGKHG-CUYWLFDKSA-N
Pubchem ID :	5281718

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:	Warning
Hazard Statements:	H312
Precautionary Statements:	P280

BRL-3A cells	10, 20, 40 µM	1 hour	To investigate the effect of Polydatin on fructose-induced ZEB1 nuclear translocation in BRL-3A cells. Results showed that Polydatin significantly decreased nuclear ZEB1 protein levels and increased cytoplasm ZEB1 protein levels.	J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Nov;24(22):13208-13222
Human conjunctival cells (HCC)	0.1, 1, or 10 µM	1 hour to 24 hours	To investigate the effect of Polydatin on hyperosmolar stress-induced inflammation. Results showed that Polydatin significantly inhibited hyperosmolar stress-induced mRNA expression of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP9, and suppressed NF-κB nuclear translocation and COX-2 expression.	Nutrients. 2019 Nov 15;11(11):2792
BRL-3A cells	10, 20, 40 µM	12 hours	To investigate the effect of Polydatin on fructose-induced miR-203 expression in BRL-3A cells. Results showed that Polydatin significantly increased miR-203 expression levels.	J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Nov;24(22):13208-13222
Human podocytes	20, 40, 80 µM	12, 24, 72 hours	Polydatin attenuated high fructose-induced podocyte oxidative stress and injury by suppressing HIF-1α/NOX4 pathway.	Pharmaceutics. 2022 Oct 16;14(10):2202
BRL-3A cells	10, 20, 40 µM	24 hours	To investigate the effect of Polydatin on fructose-induced survivin and TGF-β1 protein levels in BRL-3A cells. Results showed that Polydatin significantly down-regulated survivin and TGF-β1 protein levels.	J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Nov;24(22):13208-13222
HepG2 cells	5, 10, 20, 40 µM	24 hours	In insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, polydatin upregulated the protein levels of LDLR and GCK but repressed PCSK9 protein expression, besides, polydatin also inhibited the combination between PCSK9 and LDLR.	Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016 Feb 1;15:19
HepG2 cells	5, 10, 20 µM	24 hours	Polydatin significantly reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets in PA-induced HepG2 cells, decreased cellular TG content, and reduced LDH release and apoptosis.	Int J Biol Sci. 2018 Jul 30;14(11):1411-1425
Rat glomerular mesangial cells	10, 20, 40 µM	24 hours	Polydatin significantly reduced the expression of FN and ICAM-1 in HG-exposed GMCs and decreased ROS production	Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2020 Dec;41(12):1587-1596.
Young HUVEC (yHUVEC)	10 µM	24 hours	Significantly decreased the expression of IL-8 and ROS production	Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 May 24;11(6):1037
HCT116 cells	20-120 µM	24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours	To evaluate the effects of PD on proliferation and apoptosis of HCT116 cells. Results showed that PD alone had no significant effect on HCT116 cell proliferation, but combined treatment with IR significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis.	Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 1;15(2):430-440.
CT26 cells	20-120 µM	24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours	To evaluate the effects of PD on proliferation and apoptosis of CT26 cells. Results showed that PD alone had no significant effect on CT26 cell proliferation, but combined treatment with IR significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis.	Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 1;15(2):430-440.
Lgr5+ CSCs	40 µM	3, 5, 7 days	To evaluate the effects of PD on proliferation and apoptosis of Lgr5+ CSCs. Results showed that PD significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of Lgr5+ CSCs, and the effect was more pronounced when combined with IR.	Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 1;15(2):430-440.
C33A cells	200 µM	48 hours	To evaluate the effect of PD on the cell cycle, results showed that PD induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest	Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 12;9:587218
CaSki cells	200 µM	48 hours	To evaluate the effect of PD on the cell cycle, results showed that PD induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest	Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 12;9:587218
HL-7702 cells	50, 100, 200, 250, 300 µM	48 hours	PD selectively blocked the proliferation of HCC cells but showed low toxicity in normal cells.	Cells. 2023 Jan 4;12(2):222.
SK-HEP1 cells	50, 100, 200, 250, 300 µM	48 hours	PD selectively blocked the proliferation of HCC cells but showed low toxicity in normal cells.	Cells. 2023 Jan 4;12(2):222.
HepG2 cells	50, 100, 200, 250, 300 µM	48 hours	PD selectively blocked the proliferation of HCC cells but showed low toxicity in normal cells.	Cells. 2023 Jan 4;12(2):222.
MC3T3-E1 cells	20, 40, 80 mM	7 days	Evaluate the reversal effect of POL on the osteoporosis model, results showed that POL could partially reverse the reduction of bone turnover markers by DXM in a dose-dependent manner	Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Sep 29;9:730362
BEAS-2B	0-600 µM	72 hours	PD showed less cytotoxicity against normal human cells	Int J Oncol. 2024 Aug;65(2):77
Induced neurons (iNs)	10 µM	7 days	Increased immunofluorescence signals of EF-G1 and MtCO2, indicating upregulation of mitochondrial protein synthesis	Biomolecules. 2024 May 18;14(5):598
GFM1 mutant fibroblasts	10 µM	7 days	Increased GFM1 transcript and protein expression levels, improved mitochondrial protein synthesis and cellular bioenergetics	Biomolecules. 2024 May 18;14(5):598
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)	1 µM and 10 µM	7 days (ALP staining) and 21 days (ARS staining)	Promoted proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, upregulated expression of OCN, ALP, and COL1A1	Int J Surg. 2025 Jan 1;111(1):411-425.
H460	0-600 µM	72 hours	PD significantly inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation with IC50 values of ~500 µM	Int J Oncol. 2024 Aug;65(2):77
H1299	0-600 µM	72 hours	PD significantly inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation with IC50 values of ~500 µM	Int J Oncol. 2024 Aug;65(2):77
Senescent HUVEC (sHUVEC)	10 µM	72 hours	Significantly decreased the expression of IL-1β, IL-8, ROS production and RAGE expression	Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 May 24;11(6):1037
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	1 µM	8 hours (migration assay) and 24 hours (scratch wound assay)	POL indirectly promoted HUVECs migration and tube formation via BMSCs	Int J Surg. 2025 Jan 1;111(1):411-425.

Wistar rats	Dry eye disease (DED) model induced by exorbital lacrimal gland excision	Eye drops	0.05% and 0.5% Polydatin eye drops	Three times daily for 7 days	To investigate the therapeutic effect of Polydatin on dry eye disease. Results showed that Polydatin significantly restored tear volume, improved corneal irregularity and conjunctival goblet cell density, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome expression.	Nutrients. 2019 Nov 15;11(11):2792
Mice	Subarachnoid hemorrhage model	Intraperitoneal injection	10, 20, and 30 mg/kg	Single dose, lasting 24 hours	PD significantly reduced brain edema and Evans blue extravasation after SAH, improving neurological function.	Front Pharmacol. 2024 Sep 4;15:1450238
Mice	Db/db mouse model	Oral	100 mg/kg	Once daily for 5 weeks	To investigate the improvement effect of polydatin on diabetes-induced hyposalivation. Results showed that polydatin ameliorated hypofunction of the salivary gland and inhibited diabetes-related salivary cell injury.	Pharmaceutics. 2021 Dec 27;14(1):51
Db/db mice	Type 2 diabetes model	Gavage	100 mg/kg	6 days per week for 4 weeks	In the db/db mice model, we found that polydatin markedly enhanced GCK and LDLR protein levels, and inhibited PCSK9 expression in the liver.	Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2016 Feb 1;15:19
Nude mice (BALB/c)	Cervical cancer xenograft model	Injection	100 mg/kg	Once daily for about 3 weeks	To evaluate the inhibitory effect of PD on tumor growth, results showed that PD significantly inhibited tumor growth	Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 12;9:587218
C57BL/6 mice	STZ-induced diabetic mouse model	Gavage	100 mg/kg	6 days a week for 12 weeks	Polydatin improved renal function and fibrosis in diabetic mice by restoring Cx32 expression and reducing Nox4 expression	Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2020 Dec;41(12):1587-1596.
Guinea pigs	Cisplatin-induced hearing loss model	Intraperitoneal injection	20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg	Once daily for 3 days	Polydatin reduces cisplatin-induced hearing loss and hair cell damage by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway	Front Pharmacol. 2022 Aug 4;13:887833
C57BL/6 mice	AOM/DSS-induced CRC model	Intraperitoneal injection	25mg/kg	Once a week, total of 4 times	To evaluate the therapeutic effects of PD combined with IR in a CRC mouse model. Results showed that PD combined with IR significantly prolonged survival time, reduced tumor number and volume, inhibited tumor cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis.	Int J Biol Sci. 2019 Jan 1;15(2):430-440.
Pig	Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) model	Dietary supplementation	250 mg/kg	From 21 to 35 days of age, lasting for 14 days	To evaluate the protective effects of polydatin against liver injury and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by IUGR. Polydatin decreased hepatic apoptotic rate, improved mitochondrial damage features, inhibited mitochondrial swelling and superoxide anion formation, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential. Concurrently, polydatin promoted mitochondrial biogenesis, increased SIRT1 activity, and upregulated the expression levels of several genes related to mitochondrial function and fitness. Polydatin also facilitated mitochondrial oxidative metabolism with a beneficial outcome of increased energy production. Furthermore, polydatin mitigated the IUGR-induced reduction in Mn-SOD activity and prevented the excessive accumulation of oxidative damaging products in the liver.	Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Mar 30;11(4):666
C57BL/6 mice	CLP-induced sepsis model	Tail vein injection	30 mg/kg	Single dose, 2 hours before CLP surgery	To evaluate the protective effect of Polydatin on sepsis-induced acute kidney injury, results showed that Polydatin significantly reduced renal tubular damage scores and serum BUN, Scr levels	Cell Death Dis. 2021 Feb 26;12(2):217
Sprague-Dawley rats	Lateral fluid percussion brain injury model	Intraperitoneal injection	30 mg/kg	Immediately after TBI	Polydatin protects neuronal mitochondria by upregulating SIRT1 expression and activity, inhibiting the p38 phosphorylation-mediated mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, thereby alleviating secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury	Neural Regen Res. 2019 Sep;14(9):1573-1582
Sprague-Dawley rats	Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model	Intraperitoneal injection	30 mg/kg	The first dose was administered 30 min before ischemia, and the second dose was administered within 1 h after ischemia	Polydatin treatment reduced the infarction volume and mitigated the neurobehavioral deficits, sequentially rescued neuronal apoptosis. Ischemic stroke induced an elevation of neuroinflammation and reactive oxygen species, which could be attenuated by polydatin via the reduced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. In addition, polydatin upregulated the endogenous antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, the thioredoxin pathway, and eventually reversed ischemic-stroke-induced elevation of ROS and inflammation in ischemic cortical tissue.	Front Pharmacol. 2019 Jun 26;10:663
C57BL/6 mice	DSS-induced ulcerative colitis model	Gavage	30 mg/kg/day	Once daily for 7 days	To evaluate the protective effect of PD on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, results showed that PD significantly reduced colon length shortening, decreased disease activity index (DAI) scores, and alleviated intestinal mucosal morphological damage	Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jan 14;15:1513020
Balb/c mice	CPP crystal-induced arthritis model	Gavage	40 mg/kg	Prophylactic model: administered at 24, 15 and 1 h before and 1, 6 and 24 h after crystal injection; Therapeutic model: administered 1, 6 and 24 h after crystal injection	Prophylactic PD treatment significantly reduced ankle swelling after 48 h from crystal injection, decreased leukocyte infiltration, necrosis, edema, and synovitis, and reduced circulating levels of IL-1? and CXCL1 as well as their tissue expression; therapeutic PD administration did not show any beneficial effects	Nutrients. 2021 Mar 13;13(3):929
C57BL/6 mice	Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis model	Intragastric administration	40 mg/kg	Once per day for four weeks	To investigate the effect and mechanism of polydatin on BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Results showed that polydatin effectively reduced fibrosis, decreased levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, LPS, IL-6, and IL-1β, and altered gut microbiota composition.	J Cell Mol Med. 2023 Dec;27(23):3717-3728
Sprague-Dawley rats	Ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic bone defect rat model	Intragastric administration	40 mg/kg/day	Once daily for 4 weeks	POL accelerated osteoporotic bone repair by activating PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway, enhancing osteogenesis and angiogenesis	Int J Surg. 2025 Jan 1;111(1):411-425.
C57BL/6 mice	Methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH and liver fibrosis model	Intraperitoneal injection	5 mg/kg	Every other day for 4 weeks	Polydatin treatment significantly reduced serum ALT and AST levels, hepatic lipid deposition, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in MCD diet-fed mice.	Int J Biol Sci. 2018 Jul 30;14(11):1411-1425
BALB/c nude mice	H460 xenograft model	Intraperitoneal injection	50 mg/kg PD every two days	Every two days for two weeks	Combined treatment with PD and cisplatin significantly inhibited tumor growth	Int J Oncol. 2024 Aug;65(2):77
Sprague-Dawley rats	Fructose-induced liver fibrosis model	Oral	7.5, 15, 30 mg/kg	Once daily for 11 weeks	To investigate the effect of Polydatin on fructose-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Results showed that Polydatin significantly alleviated liver fibrosis, decreased serum concentrations of insulin, TG, IL-1β and TNF-α, improved insulin resistance, and reduced liver fibrotic area.	J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Nov;24(22):13208-13222
Sprague-Dawley rats	High fructose diet-induced kidney injury model	Intragastric gavage	7.5, 15, 30 mg/kg	Once daily for 7 weeks	Polydatin attenuated high fructose-induced podocyte oxidative stress and injury by suppressing HIF-1α/NOX4 pathway, improving renal function.	Pharmaceutics. 2022 Oct 16;14(10):2202

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CAS No.: 27208-80-6

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CAS No.: 27208-80-6

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Preparing Stock Solutions		1mg	5mg	10mg
Preparing Stock Solutions	1 mM 5 mM 10 mM	2.56mL 0.51mL 0.26mL	12.81mL 2.56mL 1.28mL	25.62mL 5.12mL 2.56mL
Dissolving Methods	Animal experiment Please choose the appropriate dissolution scheme according to your animal administration guide.For the following dissolution schemes, clear stock solution should be prepared according to in vitro experiments, and then cosolvent should be added in turn: in order to ensure the reliability of the experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be properly preserved according to the storage conditions; The working fluid for in vivo experiment is recommended to be prepared now and used on the same day; The percentage shown in front of the following solvent refers to the volume ratio of the solvent in the final solution; If precipitation or precipitation occurs in the preparation process, it can be assisted by heating and/or ultrasound. Protocol 1 Protocol 2

Precautionary Statements-General
Code	Phrase
P101	If medical advice is needed,have product container or label at hand.
P102	Keep out of reach of children.
P103	Read label before use
Prevention
Code	Phrase
P201	Obtain special instructions before use.
P202	Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P210	Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P211	Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source.
P220	Keep/Store away from clothing/combustible materials.
P221	Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles
P222	Do not allow contact with air.
P223	Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire.
P230	Keep wetted
P231	Handle under inert gas.
P232	Protect from moisture.
P233	Keep container tightly closed.
P234	Keep only in original container.
P235	Keep cool
P240	Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241	Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.
P242	Use only non-sparking tools.
P243	Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P244	Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil.
P250	Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction.
P251	Pressurized container: Do not pierce or burn, even after use.
P260	Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261	Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262	Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P263	Avoid contact during pregnancy/while nursing.
P264	Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
P265	Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P270	Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271	Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P272	Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P273	Avoid release to the environment.
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P281	Use personal protective equipment as required.
P282	Wear cold insulating gloves/face shield/eye protection.
P283	Wear fire/flame resistant/retardant clothing.
P284	Wear respiratory protection.
P285	In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
P231 + P232	Handle under inert gas. Protect from moisture.
P235 + P410	Keep cool. Protect from sunlight.
Response
Code	Phrase
P301	IF SWALLOWED:
P304	IF INHALED:
P305	IF IN EYES:
P306	IF ON CLOTHING:
P307	IF exposed:
P308	IF exposed or concerned:
P309	IF exposed or if you feel unwell:
P310	Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P311	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P312	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P313	Get medical advice/attention.
P314	Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P315	Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P320
P302 + P352	IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.
P321
P322
P330	Rinse mouth.
P331	Do NOT induce vomiting.
P332	IF SKIN irritation occurs:
P333	If skin irritation or rash occurs:
P334	Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages.
P335	Brush off loose particles from skin.
P336	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.
P337	If eye irritation persists:
P338	Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340	Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P341	If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342	If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P350	Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P351	Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352	Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P353	Rinse skin with water/shower.
P360	Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P361	Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P362	Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P363	Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P370	In case of fire:
P371	In case of major fire and large quantities:
P372	Explosion risk in case of fire.
P373	DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P374	Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
P376	Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1
P377	Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378
P380	Evacuate area.
P381	Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so.
P390	Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391	Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment
P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301 + P312	IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P302 + P350	IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P304 + P312	IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P304 + P341	IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306 + P360	IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P307 + P311	IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P309 + P311	IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P332 + P313	IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333 + P313	IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P335 + P334	Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P337 + P313	IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P342 + P311	IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P370 + P376	In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so.
P370 + P378	In case of fire:
P370 + P380	In case of fire: Evacuate area.
P370 + P380 + P375	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P371 + P380 + P375	In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
Storage
Code	Phrase
P401
P402	Store in a dry place.
P403	Store in a well-ventilated place.
P404	Store in a closed container.
P405	Store locked up.
P406	Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner.
P407	Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets.
P410	Protect from sunlight.
P411
P412	Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF.
P413
P420	Store away from other materials.
P422
P402 + P404	Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P410 + P403	Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410 + P412	Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF.
P411 + P235	Keep cool.
Disposal
Code	Phrase
P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...
P502	Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling

Physical hazards
Code	Phrase
H200	Unstable explosive
H201	Explosive; mass explosion hazard
H202	Explosive; severe projection hazard
H203	Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard
H204	Fire or projection hazard
H205	May mass explode in fire
H220	Extremely flammable gas
H221	Flammable gas
H222	Extremely flammable aerosol
H223	Flammable aerosol
H224	Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H225	Highly flammable liquid and vapour
H226	Flammable liquid and vapour
H227	Combustible liquid
H228	Flammable solid
H229	Pressurized container: may burst if heated
H230	May react explosively even in the absence of air
H231	May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
H240	Heating may cause an explosion
H241	Heating may cause a fire or explosion
H242	Heating may cause a fire
H250	Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H251	Self-heating; may catch fire
H252	Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
H260	In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously
H261	In contact with water releases flammable gas
H270	May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer
H271	May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer
H272	May intensify fire; oxidizer
H280	Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H281	Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
H290	May be corrosive to metals
Health hazards
Code	Phrase
H300	Fatal if swallowed
H301	Toxic if swallowed
H302	Harmful if swallowed
H303	May be harmful if swallowed