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Chemical Structure| 412278-24-1 Chemical Structure| 412278-24-1

Structure of 412278-24-1

Chemical Structure| 412278-24-1

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Product Details of [ 412278-24-1 ]

CAS No. :412278-24-1
Formula : C9H17NO4
M.W : 203.24
SMILES Code : O=C(OC(C)(C)C)N[C@H]1COC[C@@H]1O
English Name :tert-Butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate
MDL No. :MFCD11617817
InChI Key :SFIADDJLFYFDGK-BQBZGAKWSA-N
Pubchem ID :20792948

Safety of [ 412278-24-1 ]

Application In Synthesis of [ 412278-24-1 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 412278-24-1 ]

[ 412278-24-1 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream   1~14

  • 1
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 124-63-0 ]
  • [ 1391732-77-6 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
96% With triethylamine In dichloromethane at 0 - 25℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; 226.4 Step 4: Intermediate 5, (3R,45)-4-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)tetrahydrofuran-3- ylmethanesulfonate Step 4: Intermediate 5, (3R,45)-4-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)tetrahydrofuran-3- ylmethanesulfonate [00733j To the solution of tert-butyl (3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl carbamate (1.20 g, 5.91 mmol) and TEA (0.89 g, 1.50 eq) in DCM (4OmL), was added methanesulfonyl chloride (0.88 g, 1.30 eq), in portions at 0 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was slowly warmed to room temperature and was stirred for 1 h. The resultant solution was washed with water, 1 N HC1, and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the title compound (1.60 g, 96%). ‘HNMR (CDC13, 400MHz): ö 1.45 (s, 9H), 3.21 (s, 3H), 3.70-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.97-3.99 (m, 1H), 4.05-4.07 (m, 1H), 4.17-4.19 (m, 2H), 4.76 (s, 1H), 5.05 (d, 1H).
  • 2
  • [ 24424-99-5 ]
  • [ 190792-70-2 ]
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
87% With triethylamine In methanol at 20℃; 32.1 Step 1. Step 1. tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (32-2a) To a stirred solution of (3R,4S)-4-aminotetrahydrofuran-3-ol (32-1a, 482 mg, 4.67 mmol) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1122 mg, 5.14 mmol) in MeOH (10 mL) was added Et3N (1.6 mL, 11.48 mmol) and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature until complete consumption of starting material was observed. The reaction mixture was then concentrated to dryness. The crude material was treated with water (6 mL) and the resulting solid was then filtered off and washed with water to afford the desired product 32-2a (838.1 mg, 4.08 mmol, 87% yield) as a white solid. MS [M-tBu+H]+=148.2. 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 4.71 (s, 1H), 4.32 (dq, J=5.7, 2.9 Hz, 1H), 4.10 (ddd, J=16.0, 9.7, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.97 (dt, J=6.4, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 3.71 (dd, J=10.0, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 3.63 (dd, J=9.5, 3.4 Hz, 1H), 2.82 (s, 1H), 1.48 (s, 9H).
82% With triethylamine In methanol at 20℃; for 45h; 1 Step 1: Synthesis of tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate Intermediate (3R,4S)-4-aminotetrahydrofuran-3-ol was prepared as in WO 01/29013 (PCT/US00/28815; pp. 44-45; Example 1). A solution of (3R,4S)-4-aminotetrahydrofuran-3-ol (10.6 g, 103 mmol), triethylamine (26 g, 257 mmol), and BOC anhydride (24.7 g, 113 mmol) in methanol (206 mL, 0.5 M) was stirred at room temperature over 45 hours. The solvents were then removed under reduced pressure. The beige solid was treated with water (about 120 mL). A white crystalline solid was isolated by filtration and dried overnight under vacuum to yield tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate as a white solid (17.08 g, 82%).
81% With triethylamine In methanol at 20℃; for 24h; Cooling with ice; 1 Step 1:
Preparation of tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (3R,4S)-4-aminotetrahydrofuran-3-ol (5.00 g, 48.487 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (100 mL), then triethylamine (12.24 g, 121.2 mmol) was added, the mixture was cooled under ice water bath, then Boc2O (11.64 g, 53.34 mmol) was added. After the addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The reaction was completed, the organic phase was concentrated to remove the majority solvent. Water (100 mL) was added, and the mixture was stirred to precipitate a large amount of white solids. The mixture was filtrated and washed with water to obtain compound tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (8.00 g, yield: 81%). 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 4.72 (s, 1H), 4.29 (m, 1H), 4.09 (m, 1H), 4.08 (m, 1H), 3.95 (s, 1H), 3.69 (m, 1H), 3.61 (m, 1H), 1.45 (s, 9H).
64% With sodium hydroxide In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 2h; 10.2 Step 2: Preparation of compound 10C At room temperature, racemate 10B (4.8 g, 46.5 mmol) was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL), followed by the addition of Boc 2O (12.8 mL, 55.8 mmol) and NaOH solution (31 mL, 93 mmol, 3 M), and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. TLC (PE/EA = 5:1) showed that the starting material disappeared. Ethyl acetate and saturated brine were added to the reaction solution, and the liquid was separated. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic phase was washed three times with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to obtain racemate compound 10C (6.0 g, 64%). The crude product was directly subjected to the next step without purification.
61% In tetrahydrofuran at 18 - 25℃; 226.3 Step 3: Intermediate 4, tert-butyl (35,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl carbamate Step 3: Intermediate 4, tert-butyl (35,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl carbamate [00732j To a solution of (3R,45)-4-aminotetrahydrofuran-3-ol (1.00 g, 9.71 mmol) in THF (30 mL) was added (Boc)20 (2.70 g, 1.30 equiv). The mixture was allowed to stir at ambient temperature overnight. The reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between EtOAc and water, the organic layer was washed with water and brine, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (eluting with 5% EtOAc/hexane) to afford the title compound as a white solid (1.20 g, 61%). ‘HNMR (CDC13, 400MHz): ö 1.45 (s, 9H), 3.11 (s, 1H), 3.60-3.63 (m, 1H), 3.68-3.71 (1H), 3.95 (s, br, 1H), 4.04-4.11 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.30 (m, 1H),4.74 (s, br, 1H).
1.8 g With triethylamine In tetrahydrofuran for 16h; 23-12.2 Triethylamine (6 mL) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (9.8 mL) were added to a solution of trans-4-aminotetrahydrofuran-3-ol (2.9 g) obtained in Reference Example 23-12 (1) in tetrahydrofuran (40 mL),followed by stirring for 16 hours. A saturated sodium chloride aqueous solution was added to the reactionmixture, and the resultant product was extracted with ethyl acetate, followed by drying over anhydroussodium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residues were purifiedby silica gel column chromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate=10:1→1:9), whereby tert-butyl (trans-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (1.8 g) was obtained
38.78 g With triethylamine In methanol at 20℃; for 3h; 19C Example 19C Example 19B (23.70 g, 229.83 mmol) was dissolved in 200 ml methanol, into which was added triethyl amine(4.65 g, 45.97 mmol, 6.37 ml), and then dropwise added Boc-anhydride (65.21 g, 298.78 mmol, 68.64 ml), and themixture was reacted at room temperature for 3 hours. When TLC detected that the reaction has been completed, thesolvent was removed by rotatory evaporation, and then 100 ml methyl tert-butyl ether was added, and the mixture wasstirred for 15 minutes. The filter cake after being filtered was the product, which need not to be further purified to give38.78 g Example 19C as a light yellow solid, with a yield of 83.0%. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 4.78 (br s, 1H), 4.24-4.31 (m, 1H), 3.98-4.13 (m, 2H), 3.94 (br s, 1H),3.66-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.62 (dd, J=2.76, 9.29 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (s, 9H).

  • 3
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628794-74-0 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C
  • 4
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628794-75-1 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1.1: triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 0 °C 1.2: 1 h / 0 °C 2.1: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 2.5 h / 50 - 75 °C
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate / tetrahydrofuran; toluene / 3 h / 60 °C 2: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 11.5 h
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate / toluene / 20 - 30 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: ethylenediamine / 2-methyltetrahydrofuran / 25 - 77 °C / Inert atmosphere
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: diethylazodicarboxylate; triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran / 14 h / 20 °C 2: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 1 h / 80 °C
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate / tetrahydrofuran / 1 h / Cooling with ice 2: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 2 h / 75 °C

  • 5
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-05-0 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 1 h / 80 °C
  • 6
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-18-5 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 1 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere
  • 7
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-26-5 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 1 h / 100 °C
  • 8
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-32-3 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 3 h / 85 °C / Inert atmosphere
  • 9
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-37-8 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 1.5 h / 85 °C / Inert atmosphere
  • 10
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-47-0 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 3 h / 85 °C / Inert atmosphere
  • 11
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-65-2 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 2 h / 85 °C / Inert atmosphere
  • 12
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1628795-71-0 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: triethylamine / dichloromethane / 1 h / 0 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: sodium azide / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 5 h / 95 °C 3: 10% Pd/C; hydrogen / methanol / 18 - 25 °C / 2280.15 Torr 4: N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 3 h / 80 °C
  • 13
  • [ 85-41-6 ]
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1707290-09-2 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
13.16 g Stage #1: phthalimide; tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate With triphenylphosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 0.166667h; Stage #2: With di-isopropyl azodicarboxylate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 1h; 2 Step 2: Synthesis of tert-butyl ((3R,4S)-4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate A mixture of tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (15.36 g, 76 mmol), phthalimide (13.34 g, 91 mmol), and triphenylphosphine (23.8 g, 91 mmol) was stirred in THF (378 mL, 0.2 M) at 0° C. for 10 minutes before dropwise addition of DIAD (18.34 g, 91 mmol) over 20 minutes. The reaction was stirred about 40 minutes at 0° C. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the crude oil was treated with less than 50 mL of diethyl ether and sonicated. A white precipitate was formed. The solid was isolated by filtration, washed with small amounts of ether, and dried to yield 10.62 g of white solid. The cooled-down filtrate was refiltered to yield additional 2.54 g of white solid for a total yield of 13.16 g of tert-butyl ((3R,4S)-4-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate
327 mg With triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate In tetrahydrofuran; toluene at 60℃; for 3h; 23-12.3 Triphenylphosphine (780 mg), phthalimide (440 mg), and 2.2 mol/L diethyl azodicarboxylate/toluene (1.3mL) were added to a solution of tert-butyl (trans-4-hydroxytetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (200 mg)obtained in Reference Example 23-12 (2) in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 3hours. A saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution was added to the reaction mixture, and theresultant product was extracted with ethyl acetate, followed by drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Thesolvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the obtained residues were purified by silica gel columnchromatography (hexane:ethyl acetate=10:1→2:1), whereby tert-butyl (cis-4-(1,3-dioxoisoindilin-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (327 mg) was obtained
With triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate In toluene at 20 - 30℃; Inert atmosphere; 2-[(3S,4R)-4-Aminotetrahydrofuran-3-yl]isoindoline-1,3-dione (4) A 2-L, three-necked flask with a condenser, magnetic stirrer and static N2 bubbler was charged with 8 (124.5 g, 612.6 mmol, 1.0 equiv), phthalimide (135.2 g, 918.9 mmol, 1.5 equiv), triphenylphosphine (241.0 g, 918.9 mmol, 1.5 equiv) and toluene (1.62 L). Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (180.9 mL, 918.9 mmol, 1.5 equiv) was added to the suspension by using a syringe in 1 h while at 22-30 °C. After stirring an additional 1-3 h at ambient temperature, the mixture was filtered to remove triphenylphosphine oxide and most of the excess phthalimide. The filtrate was washed with 10% w/v aqueous K2CO3 (200 mL),10 water (2 × 200 mL) to pH 7, and brine (75 mL). The toluene phase was partially concentrated over a rotary evaporator to obtain an orange solution of 12 (1.02 kg), which partially crystallized on standing. With stirring, trifluoroacetic acid (656.7 mL, 8.57 mol, 14.0 equiv) was charged over 30-60 min while maintaining 23-33 °C. After stirring for >2 h at 20-25 °C, the solution was partially concentrated over a rotary evaporator (45 °C) to afford 1.1 kg of a solution, which was then chased twice with aliquots of toluene (100-200 mL) to distill excess TFA. The solution was seeded with pure 4 after the second toluene addition. The final toluene suspension (893 g) was diluted with toluene (625 mL) and MTBE (400 mL) and then cooled and stirred at 20 °C for 30 min. After filtration and drying (50 °C), 4 was obtained as a TFA salt as a fine white powder. Yield: 144.2 g (68%) 1H NMR (400 MHz, methanol-d4): δ = 7.91 (m, 2 H), 7.86 (m, 2 H), 5.18 (ddd, J = 9.1, 7.4, 6.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.52 (dd, J = 9.2, 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 4.17-4.05 (m, 4 H). 13C NMR (101 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ = 168.75, 158.9 (q), 134.95, 132.25, 123.56, 117.5 (q), 70.17, 65.97, 52.03, 51.03. HRMS-ESI+: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C12H13N2O3: 233.09207; found: 233.09181.
85.5 g With triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 14h; 19D Example 19D Example 19C (38.78 g, 190.82 mmol), phthalimide (33.69 g, 228.98 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (60.06 g,228.98 mmol) were dissolved in 500 ml tetrahydrofuran, into which was added diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (46.30 g,228.98 mmol, 44.52 ml), and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 14 hours. When TLC detected that thereaction has been completed, the solvent was removed by rotatory evaporation, and the mixture was purified over aflash silica gel column (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=3/1) to give 85.50 g product Example 19D as a white solid. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CHLOROFORM-d) δ 7.85-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.74-7.76 (m, 2H), 4.88 (br d, J=9.54 Hz, 1H),4.44-4.55 (m, 1H), 4.37 (br t, J=8.16 Hz, 1H), 4.12-4.21 (m, 2H), 3.78-3.90 (m, 1H), 1.10 (s, 9H).
With triphenylphosphine; diethylazodicarboxylate In tetrahydrofuran for 1h; Cooling with ice; 2 Step 2:
Preparation of tert-butyl ((3R,4S)-4-(1,3-dicarbonylisoindolin-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate Tert-butyl ((3S,4R)-4-hydroxyltetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (200 mg, 0.984 mmol), triphenylphosphine (620 mg, 2.364 mmol) and isoindoline-1,3-dione (173 mg, 1.181 mmol) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (10 mL), the mixture was cooled under ice water bath, then diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (717 mg, 3.546 mmol) was slowly added dropwise. After addition, the mixture was stirred under ice water bath for 1 h. The reaction liquid was directly concentrated and separated by column chromatography (Eluent: PE/EA 15-30%) to obtain a crude product compound tert-butyl ((3R,4S)-4-(1,3-dicarbonylisoindolin-2-yl)tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)carbamate (950 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, Chloroform-d) δ 7.87 (m, 2H), 7.75 (m, 2H), 4.84 (d, J=9.5 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.37 (t, J 8.3 Hz, 1H), 4.21-4.15 (m, 1H), 4.09 (t, J 8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (m, J=9.2, 6.4 Hz, 1H), 1.11 (s, 9H). MS m/z (ESI): 559.5 [M+H]+.

  • 14
  • [ 412278-24-1 ]
  • [ 1707289-81-3 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1.1: triphenylphosphine / tetrahydrofuran / 0.17 h / 0 °C 1.2: 1 h / 0 °C 2.1: hydrazine hydrate / ethanol / 2.5 h / 50 - 75 °C 3.1: sodium hydrogencarbonate / 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one / 12 h / 95 °C
 

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