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Chemical Structure| 520-33-2 Chemical Structure| 520-33-2

Structure of Hesperetin
CAS No.: 520-33-2

Chemical Structure| 520-33-2

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Hesperetin is a flavanone extracted from the peel of citrus that exhibits inhibition of PDE4 and UGT. Hesperetin has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects as well. Hesperetin dose-dependently inhibited cleavage activity of the 3CLpro with IC50 value of 8.3μM in the cell-based assay.

Synonyms: NSC 57654; (–)-3',5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone; Prestwick_908

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Product Details of Hesperetin

CAS No. :520-33-2
Formula : C16H14O6
M.W : 302.28
SMILES Code : O=C1C[C@H](OC2=C1C(O)=CC(O)=C2)C3=CC=C(C(O)=C3)OC
Synonyms :
NSC 57654; (–)-3',5,7-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavanone; Prestwick_908
MDL No. :MFCD00075646
InChI Key :AIONOLUJZLIMTK-AWEZNQCLSA-N
Pubchem ID :72281

Safety of Hesperetin

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H315-H319
Precautionary Statements:P264-P280-P302+P352-P337+P313-P305+P351+P338-P362+P364-P332+P313

Isoform Comparison

Biological Activity

Target
  • Histamine receptor

  • TGF-β

In Vitro:

Cell Line
Concentration Treated Time Description References
HeLa cells 100 µM 1 hour To study the effect of hesperetin on the binding of TGF-β1 to TβRII, results showed that hesperetin reduced the probability of ligand-receptor binding. PMC3513570
Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells 30 μM 1 hour To evaluate the protective effect of hesperetin against acrolein-induced toxicity in LLC cells. Results showed that hesperetin pretreatment significantly increased cell viability and reduced the expression of apoptosis marker proteins (e.g., cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP, cytochrome C, and p-p53). PMC6748696
HeLa cells 100 µM 24 hours To study the effect of hesperetin on TGF-β1-induced cell migration, results showed that hesperetin inhibited cell migration capacity. PMC3513570
SH-SY5Y AßPPwt cells 0.01–10 µM 24 hours To evaluate the antioxidant capacity and changes in ATP levels of hesperetin nanocrystals in an Alzheimer’s disease cell model. Results showed that hesperetin nanocrystals significantly increased ATP levels, with more pronounced effects observed in 170 nm nanocrystals. PMC7987607
HEK293-CISD2 reporter cells 10-30 μM 24 hours Screening for CISD2 activators via luciferase reporter assay, hesperetin enhances CISD2 expression PMC9310407
Human aortic valve interstitial cells (VICs) 3 μM 24 hours Hesperetin pretreatment inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB inflammatory cytokine secretion and osteogenic factor expression, reduced ROS production and apoptosis, and abrogated LPS-mediated injury to the mitochondrial membrane potential and the decline in antioxidant levels in VICs. PMC9687039
SH-SY5Y-MOCK cells 0.01 to 10 µM 24 hours The effects of HstN on SY5Y-MOCK control cells were relatively small. HstP had almost no effect on both cell lines. PMC8300699
SH-SY5Y-APP695 cells 0.01 to 10 µM 24 hours HstN significantly reduced mitochondrial dysfunction: ATP levels and respiratory chain complex activity significantly increased. Gene expression levels of RCC I, IV, and V were significantly upregulated. HstP had almost no effect on both cell lines. PMC8300699
AGS cells 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 μM 24 hours To evaluate the effect of hesperetin on the translocation of CagA and VacA proteins into AGS cells infected with H. pylori. Results showed that hesperetin treatment significantly reduced the translocation of CagA and VacA proteins. PMC8472136
THP-1 macrophages 0–40 μg/mL 24 hours Evaluate the inhibitory effect of Hesperetin on Spike S1-induced inflammatory responses, significantly reducing the release of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 PMC9498987
A549 lung cells 0–40 μg/mL 24 hours Evaluate the inhibitory effect of Hesperetin on Spike S1-induced inflammatory responses, significantly reducing the release of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18 PMC9498987
HT-22 cells 50 μM 24 hours To evaluate the effect of hesperetin on LPS-induced cytotoxicity and ROS/LPO. Hesperetin significantly reduced LPS-induced cytotoxicity and ROS/LPO levels. PMC6471991
BV2 cells 50 μM 24 hours To evaluate the effect of hesperetin on LPS-induced TLR4 and Iba-1 protein expression. Hesperetin significantly reduced LPS-induced TLR4 and Iba-1 protein levels. PMC6471991
HEK001-shCISD2 cells 10 μM 48 hours In CISD2 knockdown cells, hesperetin loses its beneficial effects on mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity PMC10807130
HEK001 human keratinocytes 10 μM 48 hours Enhances mitochondrial function and protects against ROS-induced oxidative stress via increased CISD2 expression PMC10807130
H226 cells 75, 150, 300 µM 48 hours To evaluate the effect of HST on the viability of H226 cells, results showed that HST inhibited cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. PMC11936485
H1703 cells 37.5, 75, 150 µM 48 hours To evaluate the effect of HST on the viability of H1703 cells, results showed that HST inhibited cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. PMC11936485
HepG2 cells 20 μM and 40 μM 4-hour pretreatment followed by 24-hour PA stimulation To investigate the inhibitory effect of hesperetin on PA-induced cell death and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HepG2 cells. Results showed that hesperetin significantly increased cell viability, reduced cell death, and inhibited PA-induced IL-1β and IL-18 mRNA expression and NLRP3 and caspase-1 protein expression. PMC11181321
A549/DDP cells 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 µM 72 hours Assessed the toxic effects of hesperetin on A549/DDP cells and its synergistic effect with cisplatin; concentrations ≥2.5 µM significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of DDP PMC7053858
Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells 0.6, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 µM 72 hours Evaluated the toxic effects of hesperetin on A549 cells; low concentrations (<5 µM) had no significant effect, while higher concentrations (>20 µM) significantly inhibited cell proliferation PMC7053858

In Vivo:

Species
Animal Model
Administration Dosage Frequency Description References
Mice Naturally aged mouse model Oral 100 mg/kg/day Continued for 3-6 months Hesperetin extends healthspan, ameliorates age-related metabolic decline, body composition changes, glucose dysregulation, and organ senescence PMC9310407
Mice Naturally aged mice Oral 100 mg/kg/day Once daily for 5 months Enhances CISD2 expression, improves skin aging phenotypes, and reduces ROS levels PMC10807130
Nude mice A549/DDP xenograft model Intragastric administration 2 mg/kg Every 2 days for 52 days Evaluated the inhibitory effect of hesperetin on A549/DDP cell growth in vivo; hesperetin pretreatment significantly inhibited tumor growth PMC7053858
BALB/c nude mice H226 xenograft model Intraperitoneal injection 30, 60, 90 mg/kg Once every 2 days for 28 days To evaluate the anti-tumor effect of HST on H226 xenograft tumors, results showed that HST significantly inhibited tumor growth without apparent toxic side effects. PMC11936485
C57BL/6 mice Direct wire injury (DWI)-induced aortic valve stenosis model Oral gavage 50 mg/kg Once daily for 7 days Hesperetin supplementation protected mice from wire-injury-induced aortic valve stenosis; in vivo, hesperetin corrected dysfunctional mitochondria by activating the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway. PMC9687039
C57BL/6N mice LPS-induced neuroinflammation model Oral gavage 50 mg/kg Daily for a total of five weeks To evaluate the effect of hesperetin on LPS-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and memory impairments. Hesperetin significantly reduced LPS-induced neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and memory impairments. PMC6471991
C57BL/6 mice Acrolein-induced lung injury model Intraperitoneal injection 60 mg/kg Single dose, lasting 12 hours To investigate the protective effects of hesperetin on acrolein-induced lung damage. Results showed that hesperetin pretreatment significantly improved lung tissue structure, reduced fibrosis and apoptosis marker protein expression, and decreased oxidative stress markers (e.g., Prx-SO3, HNE, and 8-OH-dG). PMC6748696
Sprague Dawley rats High-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes rat model Oral gavage Hesperetin 50 mg/kg/day, Metformin 100 mg/kg/day Once daily for six weeks To investigate the effect of hesperetin-enhanced metformin on alleviating cognitive impairment in diabetic rats and its mechanism PMC11900253

Protocol

Bio Calculators
Preparing Stock Solutions 1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

3.31mL

0.66mL

0.33mL

16.54mL

3.31mL

1.65mL

33.08mL

6.62mL

3.31mL

References

 

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