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CAS No. : | 585-88-6 | MDL No. : | MFCD00006600 |
Formula : | C12H24O11 | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | VQHSOMBJVWLPSR-WUJBLJFYSA-N |
M.W : | 344.31 | Pubchem ID : | 493591 |
Synonyms : |
Maltisorb;4-O-α-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol
|
Chemical Name : | (2S,3R,4R,5R)-4-(((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,5,6-pentaol |
Num. heavy atoms : | 23 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms : | 0 |
Fraction Csp3 : | 1.0 |
Num. rotatable bonds : | 8 |
Num. H-bond acceptors : | 11.0 |
Num. H-bond donors : | 9.0 |
Molar Refractivity : | 70.31 |
TPSA : | 200.53 Ų |
GI absorption : | Low |
BBB permeant : | No |
P-gp substrate : | Yes |
CYP1A2 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2C19 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor : | No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor : | No |
Log Kp (skin permeation) : | -12.1 cm/s |
Log Po/w (iLOGP) : | 0.39 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) : | -5.21 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP) : | -5.76 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP) : | -4.77 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) : | -3.59 |
Consensus Log Po/w : | -3.79 |
Lipinski : | 2.0 |
Ghose : | None |
Veber : | 1.0 |
Egan : | 1.0 |
Muegge : | 4.0 |
Bioavailability Score : | 0.17 |
Log S (ESOL) : | 1.84 |
Solubility : | 23600.0 mg/ml ; 68.5 mol/l |
Class : | Highly soluble |
Log S (Ali) : | 1.64 |
Solubility : | 15200.0 mg/ml ; 44.1 mol/l |
Class : | Highly soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT) : | 4.2 |
Solubility : | 5510000.0 mg/ml ; 16000.0 mol/l |
Class : | Soluble |
PAINS : | 0.0 alert |
Brenk : | 0.0 alert |
Leadlikeness : | 1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility : | 5.37 |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
The invention is all the more surprising and unexpected insofar as no activity has been found for products of structures close to the selected products, i.e.: ... galactobiose (galactose-galactose, beta 1-6) turanose (glucose-fructose, alpha 1-3) maltitol (glucose-sorbitol, alpha 1-4) raffinose (galactose-glucose-fructose, alpha 1-6, alpha 1-2). | ||
(4) The maltitol magma obtained was matured in the same manner as in Example 1 - (4) except that maturing was conducted under a condition at 70 C. for 15 minutes. | ||
(4) The maltitol magma obtained was matured in the same manner as in Example 1 - (4) except that maturing was conducted under a condition at 60 C. for 30 minutes. |
(4) The maltitol magma obtained was matured in the same manner as in Example 1-(4) except that maturing was conducted under a condition at 70 C. for 15 minutes. | ||
(4) The maltitol magma obtained was matured in the same manner as in Example 1-(4) except that maturing was conducted under a condition at 60 C. for 30 minutes. | ||
at 43 - 70℃;Purification / work up; | EXAMPLE 2 Crystallization of syrup D of Example 1 (84% dry matter content) was carried out in an evapocrystallizer cooled by adiabatic evaporation.The vapours were condensed continuously and re-incorporated.The residence time was 5 hours, which meant that the temperature of syrup D, initially fixed at 70 C., could be reduced as described in Example 1 to a temperature of 50 C.The massecuite was then cooled from a temperature of 50 C. to 43 C. over 15 hours in a continuous crystallizer.A mother liquor was obtained which, for a dry matter content of 72%, had a composition of:65% over dry matter maltitol;13% over dry matter sorbitol;18% over dry matter with hydrogenated DP 3;4% of cracking products.The crystalline composition obtained contained 98.1% over dry matter of maltitol, 0.1% over dry matter of sorbitol and 2.3% over dry matter of hydrogenated DP 3.These crystallization conditions meant that crystalline shapes could be obtained which were mainly of the rectangular parallelepipedal type, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5. | |
Soybean polysaccharide (SM700, product of SAN-EI GEN F.F.I. Co.) Trehalose (Trehalose Micro, product of Hayashibara Shoji Co.) Maltodextrin (Max 2000, product of Matsutani Chemical Co.) Erythritol (Erythritol, product of Nikken Chemicals) Maltitol (Resis, product of Towa Kasei Kogyo K.K.) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With alpha-isomaltosylglucosaccharide-forming enzyme; at 30℃; for 24.0h;pH 6;Reactivity (does not react); | It was tested whether the following saccharides could be used as substrates for alpha-isomaltosylglucosaccharide-forming enzyme. For the purpose, a solution of maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, isomaltose, isomaltotriose, panose, isopanose, alpha,alpha-trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, neotrehalose, cellobiose, gentibiose, maltitol, maltotriitol, lactose, sucrose, erlose, selaginose, maltosyl glucoside, or isomaltosyl glucoside was prepared. To each of the above solutions was added two units/g substrate of a purified specimen of alpha-isomaltosylglucosaccharide-forming enzyme from either Bacillus globisporus C9 strain obtained by the method in Experiment 4-2, or Bacillus globisporus C11 strain obtained by the method in Experiment 7-2, and the resulting solutions were adjusted to give a substrate concentration of 2% (w/v) and incubated at 30 C. and pH 6.0 for 24 hours. The enzyme solutions before and after the enzymatic reactions were respectively analyzed on TLC disclosed in Experiment 1 to confirm whether the enzymes act on these substrates. The results are in Table 11. TABLE 11 Enzymatic action Enzymatic action Enzyme of Enzyme of Enzyme of Enzyme of Substrate C9 strain C11 strain Substrate C9 strain C11 strain Maltose + + Nigerose + + Maltotriose ++ ++ Neotrehalose + + Maltotetraose +++ +++ Cellobiose - - Maltopentaose +++ +++ Gentibiose - - Maltohexaose +++ +++ Maltitol - - Maltoheptaose +++ +++ Maltotriitol + + Isomaltose - - Lactose - - Isomaltotriose - - Sucrose - - Panose - - Erlose + + Isopanose ++ ++ Selaginose - - alpha,alpha-Trehalose - - Maltosylglucoside ++ ++ Kojibiose + + Isomaltosylglucoside - - Note: Before and after the enzymatic reaction, the symbols ?-?, ?+?, ?++?, and ?+++? mean that it showed no change, it showed a slight reduction of the color of substrate spot and the formation of other reaction product, it showed a high reduction of the color of substrate No.spot and the formation of other reaction product, and it showed a substantial disappearance of the color of substrate spot and the formation of other reaction product, respectively. As evident from Table 11, it was revealed that the alpha-isomaltosylglucosaccharide-forming enzyme well acted on saccharides having a glucose polymerization degree of at least three and having a maltose structure at their non-reducing ends, among the saccharides tested. It was also found that the enzyme slightly acted on saccharides, having a glucose polymerization degree of two, such as maltose, kojibiose, nigerose, neotrehalose, maltotriitol, and erlose. | |
With water; calcium chloride;CMM-forming enzyme; at 40℃; for 24.0h;pH 6.0;Aqueous acetate buffer; Enzymatic reaction;Reactivity (does not react); | Substrate specificity of CMM-forming enzyme of the present invention was investigated using various saccharides as substrates. Substrate solutions were prepared by dissolving maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, neotrehalose, trehalose, kojibiose, nigerose, isomaltose, isomaltotriose, panose, isopanose, maltitol, maltotriitol, alpha-, beta-, or gamma-cyclodextrin, amylose, soluble starch, glycogen, pullulan or dextran into water. Each substrate solution was admixed with acetate buffer (pH 6.0) and CaCl2 to give final concentrations of 20 mM and 1 mM, respectively. Then, each resulting substrate solution was further admixed with one unit/g-substrate, on a dry solid basis, of the purified preparation of CMM-forming enzyme, obtained by the method in Experiment 4. Substrate concentration was set to 2% (w/v) and followed by the enzyme reaction at 40C and pH 6.0 for 24 hours. Action and the specificity of the enzyme on these saccharides were confirmed by analyzing the reaction mixture before and after the reaction by TLC described in Experiment 1. The results are in Table 5; As is evident from the results in Table 5, CMM-forming enzyme of the present invention acts on maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, and maltoheptaose, and slightly on maltotriose among saccharides tested. Further, CMM-forming enzyme of the present invention acts on amylose, starch, and glycogen. From the results, it was revealed that the enzyme acted on alpha-1,4 glucans having a glucose polymerization degree of 3 or higher. | |
Example 2; a) A tank is filled with Maltitol syrup at ca. 96% purity (C* Maltidex H 16330, Cargill); dry substance = 45% b) NaOH solution was added, (NaOH = 0.2% on db (dry base); pH >10.5 c) Followed by flowing through an heat exchanger (T=80C), and d) Flowing through the column with the anionic resin BVH=0.5 (Bed volume/hour) The results are displayed in Table 2.Table 2Flow: 0.5BVH Temp=80C |
Comparative example - Continuous process without feed of NaOH; a) A tank was filled with Maltitol syrup at ca. 96% purity (C* Maltidex H 16330, Cerestar); the dry substance of the maltitol syrup was 45% b) The syrup was flowing through an heat exchanger (T=80C), followed by c) Flowing through the column with the anionic resin MSA-I , at a B VH=O.5 (Bed volume/hour).The treatment had to be stopped after 3.3 days (79 hrs), as the R.S-value remained the same as the R. S value of the maltitol feed. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In water; | Namely, the procedure of the above Synthetic Example 1 was repeated except that 50 g of maltitol was dissolved in 200 ml of water. Thus 45 g of purified maltitol phosphate disodium salt was obtained. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | With iodine; at 50℃; for 0.166667h;Microwave irradiation; | General procedure: To a 10.0 mL round bottom flask, D-glucose (2.0 mmol) and acetic anhydride (12.0 mmol, 1.2 equiv. per OH) in the IL400 (2.0mL) was added I2 (0.05 mmol) at room temperature. Then themixture was heated to 50 C under MW irradiation (200 W) until the TLC analysis showed that the reaction was complete.Then the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature,and toluene (2.0 mL × 3) was added. The mixture was vigorously stirred for several minutes and then kept stationary. The upper toluene layer containing the product was collected. Toluene was removed by a rotary evaporator, and the crude product was purified by recrystallization in ethyl alcohol. The desired peracetylated sugars were obtained in 90%-99% yields. The bottom phase was the ionic liquid containing the I2 catalyst and produced acetic acid. The I2/IL400 system was reused after the removal of the acetic acid under reduced pressure. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1.4 g | With potassium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 90 - 110℃; under 125 - 155 Torr; for 4.0h;Inert atmosphere; | 20.0 g of maltitol was placed in a heat-dried 200 ml four-necked flask and purged with nitrogen, and 100 ml of dehydrated DMF was added and the temperature was raised to 90 C. To this solution, 3.0 g of methyl salicylate and 0.3 g of potassium carbonate (dried by being covered with a heat gun under reduced pressure) were added and reacted for 4 hours at 96 to 110 C under reduced pressure (125 to 155 mm Hg). After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, ethyl acetate was added to the residue, and the mixture was refluxed for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature, the precipitate was removed by filtration and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 3.5 g of a brown liquid. Unreacted raw materials were removed using a chromatographic separation apparatus (apparatus: Kprep (manufactured by YMC), developing solvent: methanol / ultrapure water = 50/50, flow rate: 10 ml / min) and the structural isomers were collectively collected & 1.4 g of light pink oil was obtained. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With hydrogen In water at 99.84℃; for 4h; Autoclave; | 2.3. Catalytic performances test General procedure: The liquid-phase hydrogenation of sugar was performed at 4.0 MPaof H2 pressure and 373 K in a 200-mL stainless steel autoclave with aTeflon tube to avoid metal contamination, in which 0.5 g of Ni catalystand a sugar aqueous solution (10 wt.% in 50 mL H2O) were well mixed.According to the drop of the H2 pressure in the autoclave within 10min, both the specific activity (the H2 uptake rate per gram of Ni, RHm,mmol h-1 gNi-1) and the intrinsic activity (the H2 uptake rate per m2 ofNi, RHS, mmol h-1 mNi-2) were calculated by using the ideal gasequation. The reaction mixture was sampled at intervals for productanalysis through a liquid-phase chromatograph (Agilent 1200)equipped with a carbohydrate column (Shodex, SC1011) and a refractiveindex detector at 333 K with water as movable phase at 0.50mL min-1. Preliminary kinetic studies revealed that there was a plateauin the dependency of the reaction initial rate upon the stirring rateabove 1000 rpm and that the reaction initial rate varied linearly withcatalyst amount from 0.1 to 1.0 g, indicating that the stirring rate of1200 rpm was high enough that the hydrogenation rates were independentof mass transfer. After cooling to room temperature at theend of the reaction, the catalyst was separated by centrifugation andwashed with deionized water for further characterizations and applications.In order to determine the catalyst durability, the used catalystwas centrifuged and washed thoroughly with distilled water after eachrun of the reaction. Then, the used catalyst was reused with freshcharge of sugar for subsequent recycle runs under same reaction conditions. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
94.3% | With candida antarcticalipase B In propan-2-one at 45℃; for 12h; Enzymatic reaction; | 2.2.3. Enzymatic synthesis of CHS-1-Gal CHS-1-Gal was synthesized enzymatically using the same previouslydescribed method (Nie et al., 2021). We placed 0.4 mmol lactitol, 1.5mmol CHS-SE, 228 mg Novozyme 435, and 50 mL acetone in a conicalflask with a stopper and allowed the mixture to react in an air bathshaker at 45 .C and 250 rpm for 12 h. After the reaction, we suctionfiltered the reaction mixture to remove the enzyme. The filtrate wasrotary dried under vacuum. After an appropriate amount of isooctanewas added, the solution was allowed to stand at 0 .C for 24 h torecrystallize. We obtained 0.341 g (0.380 mmol) of solid white CHS-1-Gal. The yield was 94.3%. |
94.3% | With candida antarcticalipase B In propan-2-one at 45℃; for 12h; Enzymatic reaction; | 2.2.3. Enzymatic synthesis of CHS-1-Gal CHS-1-Gal was synthesized enzymatically using the same previouslydescribed method (Nie et al., 2021). We placed 0.4 mmol lactitol, 1.5mmol CHS-SE, 228 mg Novozyme 435, and 50 mL acetone in a conicalflask with a stopper and allowed the mixture to react in an air bathshaker at 45 .C and 250 rpm for 12 h. After the reaction, we suctionfiltered the reaction mixture to remove the enzyme. The filtrate wasrotary dried under vacuum. After an appropriate amount of isooctanewas added, the solution was allowed to stand at 0 .C for 24 h torecrystallize. We obtained 0.341 g (0.380 mmol) of solid white CHS-1-Gal. The yield was 94.3%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With oxygen; titanium oxide In water; acetonitrile at 25 - 30℃; UV-irradiation; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With oxygen; titanium oxide In water; acetonitrile at 25 - 30℃; UV-irradiation; |
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