Name: 6108-17-4|Lithium acetate dihydrate|99%
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SKU: A765248
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1
[ 627-27-0 ]
[ 619-42-1 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 106200-41-3 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
87%	With tetrabutyl-ammonium chloride; lithium chloride;palladium diacetate; In N-methyl-acetamide; water; ethyl acetate; acetonitrile;	Example 1 4-(4-Carbomethoxyphenyl)butanal The Deloxan THP Type 2 Resin used below was pretreated by mixing it with isopropyl alcohol (2.0 vol. 20 mL) and washing with ethyl acetate (4.0 vol., 40 mL). The organic layer/resin slurry was then filtered before subsequent use as described below. 4-Bromobenzoic acid, methyl ester (60.0 g, 279.00 mmol), <strong>[6108-17-4]<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong> dihydrate</strong> (31.31 g, 306.90 mmol), lithium chloride (35.48 g, 837 mmol), and tetrabutylammonium chloride (41.22 grams, 131.49 mmol) were added to dimethylformamide (698 mL). The resulting solution was degassed with a subsurface nitrogen purge. 3-buten-1-ol (24.19 grams, 28.81 mL, 334.81 mmol) and palladium acetate (1.57 grams, 6.98 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 65 C. with stirring for approximately 10 hours. Reaction completion was indicated by starting material consumption (less than 0.4% 4-bromobenzoic acid, methyl ester remaining) as shown by HPLC (reverse phase, 60% acetonitrile:2.5% acetic acid buffer). The reaction mixture was cooled to 25 C.-30 C. and water (700 ml) and ethyl acetate (700 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 10 minutes and subsequently the layers were allowed to separate. The organic layer was separated and retained and the aqueous layer was extracted two additional times with ethyl acetate (720 mL). The ethyl acetate washes were combined with the original organic layer and the combined organic layers were washed with brine (350 mL). The organic layer was filtered, to remove elemental palladium, and slurried with Deloxan THP Type II Resin (3.0 grams dry weight) for 45 minutes. The title compound was obtained as a solution in ethyl acetate, in approximately 87% yield. A small amount of ethyl acetate solution was concentrated for characterization of product. Analytical Data: 1 H NMR:(d6 -DMSO) delta 9.65 (t, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.32 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 2.63 (t, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 2.43 (td, J=7.4, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 1.82 (m, 2H). 13 C--NMR: (d6 -DMSO) delta 203.1, 166.2, 147.4, 129.3, 128.7, 127.4, 51.9, 42.4, 34.3, 23.0.

Reference： [1]Patent: US6013828,2000,A

2
[ 433-17-0 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 86394-99-2 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With potassium dichromate;palladium diacetate; In acetic acid;	EXAMPLE 25 2-Sulfamoyl-6-benzothiazolyl acetate A stirred solution of benzothiazole-2-sulfonamide (2.14 g, 0.01 mole), palladium acetate (2.25 g, 0.01 mole), <strong>[6108-17-4]<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong> dihydrate</strong> (1.65, 0.025 mole) and potassium dichromate (5.9 g, 0.02 mole) in acetic acid (25 ml) is heated on a steam bath for 24 hours then poured into H2 O (100 ml) to give 2-sulfamoyl-6-benzothiazolyl acetate which melts at 193-4 C. after recrystallization from 2-propanol.

Reference： [1]Patent: US4416890,1983,A

3
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
lithium manganese oxide [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Reagents were dissolved in the deionized water to obtain solutions A and B, respectively.Those solutions were mixed together and stirred for 2 h at 70C. Then citric acid monohydrate was added as a main complexing reagent with acetic acid as a second complexing agent. The gels have been slowly evaporated and dried at 150 C for a few hours in the air.The prepared xerogels were ground in agate mortar to obtain fine powder. The solid powder have been heated in the temperature range: 450-700C for afew hours in air.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2007,vol. 52,p. 5453 - 5461
[2]Electrochimica Acta,2010,vol. 55,p. 8709 - 8716
[3]Materials Research Bulletin,2010,vol. 45,p. 1825 - 1831
[4]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2000,vol. 147,p. 2116 - 2121
[5]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2000,vol. 147,p. 3621 - 3627
[6]Electrochimica Acta,2004,vol. 49,p. 2209 - 2213
[7]Electrochimica Acta,2004,vol. 49,p. 2209 - 2213
[8]Electrochimica Acta,2004,vol. 49,p. 2209 - 2213
[9]Inorganic Materials,2005,vol. 41,p. 646 - 649
[10]Thermochimica Acta,1996,vol. 278,p. 135 - 144
[11]Thermochimica Acta,1996,vol. 278,p. 135 - 144
[12]Thermochimica Acta,1996,vol. 278,p. 135 - 144
[13]Thermochimica Acta,1996,vol. 278,p. 135 - 144
[14]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2011,vol. 158,p. A1490-A1497
[15]Physica B: Condensed Matter,2005,vol. 369,p. 221 - 226
[16]Physica B: Condensed Matter,2005,vol. 369,p. 221 - 226
[17]Electrochimica Acta,2006,vol. 51,p. 6533 - 6541
[18]Electrochimica Acta,2006,vol. 51,p. 6533 - 6541
[19]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2007,vol. 440,p. 69 - 73
[20]Electrochimica Acta,2012,vol. 75,p. 115 - 122
[21]Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,2013,vol. 13,p. 5517 - 5521
[22]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,vol. 632,p. 256 - 262

4
tetrabutoxytitanium [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
lithium titanate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		First, CH3COOLi · 2H2O and tetrabutyltitanate (TBT) were dissolved in ethanol,respectively, to form solution A and B. Glacial acetic acid were dissolved in deionized water under stirring to make a colorless transparent solution C. Then, solution B was added dropwise into solution A at room temperature with vigorously magnetic stirring. After stirring about 3 hours. Subsequently, the white suspension was dispersed in solution C with continuous stirring and refluxing at 95 C for 24 h. After cooling down naturally, the mixture was transferred into a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-lined autoclave for microwave irradiation at 180 C for 30 min. After that, the obtained powders were separated, washed, and dried at 80 C for 24 h in an oven, and then followed with a subsequent heating to 800 C for 12 h.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2009,vol. 54,p. 5629 - 5633
[2]Electrochimica Acta,2009,vol. 54,p. 5629 - 5633
[3]Electrochimica Acta,2008,vol. 53,p. 7756 - 7759
[4]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2018,vol. 165,p. A1046 - A1053

5
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
lithium cobalt(III) oxide [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
Ca. 80%		Stoichiometric amounts of reagents were dissolved in distilled water. The excess amount of lithium salt was 5%. The resulting solution was dried to form a mixed dry precursor via a spray-drier. The inlet air temperature was 210C, and the exit air temperature was 110C. The precursor was preheated at 400C in air for 5 h and then ground in an agate mortar and re-sintered at 950C for 15 h.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,vol. 626,p. 228 - 233
[2]Journal of Materials Science,1996,vol. 31,p. 5437 - 5442
[3]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2000,vol. 147,p. 2023 - 2028
[4]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2001,vol. 148,p. A680-A686
[5]Electrochimica Acta,2004,vol. 50,p. 473 - 478
[6]Electrochimica Acta,2004,vol. 50,p. 473 - 478
[7]Thermochimica Acta,1995,vol. 269 - 270,p. 491 - 506
[8]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2005,vol. 152,p. A1989-A1995
[9]Materials Research Bulletin,2006,vol. 41,p. 1589 - 1595

6
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
lithium nickel manganese oxide [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With oxalic acid; at 60 - 110℃;	LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 cathode powders were synthesized by coprecipitation using oxalic acid. A stoichiometric amount of <strong>[6108-17-4]<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong> dihydrate</strong> [Li(CH3COO)·2H2O, Aldrich], manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate [Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O, Aldrich] and nickel(II) acetate tetrahydrate [Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O, Aldrich] were dissolved in de-ionized water. The solution was stirred continuously under heating at 60 C. The oxalic acid solution was added to the homogeneous solution drop by drop. The mole ratio of oxalic acid to metal was 5.0. The solution was stirred at 90 C for 2 h and further dried overnight at 110 oC. The dried precipitate was preheated at 450 C for 3 h to decompose the organic components. The precursor powders were calcined at different temperatures (700, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000 C) for 15 h in air atmosphere. The morphological characteristics of the LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 powders were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, JEOL JSM 6701). Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and elemental mapping were performed using the same instrument. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD, Philips X?PERT MPD) using Cu Kalpha radiation was used to identify the crystalline phase of the LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 powders. The cathode was prepared by coating an N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP)-based slurry containing LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 powder, poly-(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF) and super-P carbon (85:7.5:7.5 by weight) on an aluminum foil. The thicknesses of the electrodes ranged from 50 to 55 mum after roll pressing, and their active mass loading corresponded to a capacity of about 1.2 mAh cm-2. The lithium electrode consisted of a 150 mumthick lithium foil that was pressed onto a copper current collector. A CR2032-type coin cell composed of lithium anode, a polypropylene separator (Celgard 2400) and LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 cathode was assembled with an electrolyte solution. The liquid electrolyte used in this study was 1 M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate (EC)/dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (1:1 by volume, battery grade, Soulbrain Co. Ltd.). All cells were assembled in a dry box filled with argon gas. Charge and discharge cycling tests of the Li/LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 cells were conducted at different current density over a voltage range of 3.0-4.9 V with battery testing equipment at room temperature.
		The spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 sample was synthesized by a citric acid method with the drying step completed in a microwave oven or in an electric oven. All chemicals were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Lithium acetate (LiAc·2H2O, 10.5mmol), nickel acetate (Ni(Ac)2·4H2O, 5mmol) and manganese acetate (Mn(Ac)2·4H2O, 15mmol) were first dissolved in 120ml deionized water, then 20mmol citric acid was added to the solution as a chelating agent. After a mixing by magnetic stirring, the solution was put in a microwave oven (G7D23AP-TD, Galanz) and heated at high power for 30min to obtain a homogeneous xerogel. As a comparison, another precursor solution was put in an electric oven at 80C to remove water. These two kinds of xerogels were calcined at 500C in air for 5h. After being ground, the as-calcined powders were sintered at 900C for 10h. Then the temperature was lowered to 700C (1C/min) and annealed for 10h, after that, the samples were natural cooled to room temperature to obtain LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 products. These two kinds of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 were marked as M-LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 and O-LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4, corresponding to a microwave oven heating and an electric oven heating respectively. The obtained xerogels are correspondingly called O-gel and M-gel.

Reference： [1]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2010,vol. 157,p. A689-A695
[2]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2005,vol. 152,p. A13-A18
[3]Electrochimica Acta,2005,vol. 50,p. 4104 - 4108
[4]Electrochimica Acta,2006,vol. 51,p. 4148 - 4152
[5]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2012,vol. 518,p. 68 - 73
[6]Electrochimica Acta,2007,vol. 52,p. 3870 - 3875
[7]Dalton Transactions,2008,p. 5471 - 5475
[8]Materials Research Bulletin,2008,vol. 43,p. 3607 - 3613
[9]Electrochimica Acta,2010,vol. 55,p. 832 - 837
[10]Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2010,vol. 157,p. A770-A775
[11]Electrochimica Acta,2012,vol. 77,p. 250 - 255
[12]Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society,2013,vol. 34,p. 59 - 62
[13]Chemical Communications,2014,vol. 50,p. 15756 - 15759
[14]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,vol. 695,p. 227 - 232
[15]Dalton Transactions,2018,vol. 47,p. 367 - 375
[16]Dalton Transactions,2018,vol. 47,p. 7020 - 7028

7
cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate [ No CAS ]
gallium(III) nitrate hydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 5949-29-1 ]
LiGa₅O₈#dotCo⁽²⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2008,vol. 461,p. 451 - 453

8
[ 6108-17-4 ]
titanium(IV) oxide [ No CAS ]
lithium titanate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In water; at 800℃; for 8h;Calcination;	General procedure: Samples of the spherically porous Zr-doped Li4Ti5-xZrxO12 (x=0.05, 0.1 and 0.2) were prepared by using a rheological phase in combination with a spray drying reaction route from CH3COOLi2H2O, TiO2 and Zr(NO3)45H2O. A 0.2mol% excessive CH3COOLi2H2O was provided to compensate for Li volatilization during the high temperature heating. Firstly, the CH3COOLi2H2O, TiO2 and Zr(NO3)4·5H2O were added to distilled water and stirred magnetically to form a well-mixed precursor slurry. Then, a 1.7-MHz ultrasonic spray generator with six vibrators was used to turn the precursor slurry into a large amount of droplets, which were carried into the high temperature tubular reactor by a carrier gas. Finally, the precursor droplets were calcined in air atmosphere at 800C for 8h to obtain the spherically porous Li4Ti5-xZrxO12 samples. The pristine Li4Ti5O12 sample without Zr-doping was also prepared using a similar rheological phase in combination with spray drying reaction route as mentioned above.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,vol. 487,p. L12-L17
[2]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 588,p. 17 - 24

9
[ 28314-80-9 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 7732-18-5 ]
(lithium)(2,4,6-trifluorobenzoate)(H₂O) [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie,2012,vol. 638,p. 1424 - 1431

10
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
LiNi₀₆₆₇Mn₀₃₃₃O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		LNMO was synthesized via a polymer-assisted solid-state reaction route. All raw materials were of A.R. purity and bought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., China. Typically, 10 g metal acetates, including Li(CH3COO)?2H2O, Ni(CH3COO)2?4H2O and Mn(CH3COO)2?4H2O in a molar ratio of 1.2:0.67:0.33, were mixed with 5 g oxalic acid and 12 mL PEG400. 20% excess of <strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong> was added to compensate for lithium evaporation at high firing temperature so as to get the desired Li-Ni-Mn stoichiometry. The mixture was ground in an agate jar on a planetary ball mill at a speed of 180 rpm for 2 h, and then a homogeneous green gel was formed. The gel was calcined in muffle furnace in air at 800 C for 5 h and 10 h; the as-obtained samples are referred to LNMO-P5 and LNMO-P10, respectively. In order to check the role of PEG, a reference sample was synthesized without PEG400 via the same route and calcined in air at 800 C for 10 h, which is referred to LNMO-10.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2013,vol. 559,p. 203 - 208

11
[ 86119-84-8 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 16674-78-5 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li⁽¹⁺⁾*Co⁽²⁺⁾*O₄P^(3-) [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The experimental procedures for the preparation of the samples were similar to those reported earlier [15]. The LiCo1-xMgxPO4 samples were prepared by dissolving in water Li(CH3COO)2H2O (<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong>), Co(CH3COO)24H2O (cobalt(II) acetate), Mg(CH3COO)2*4H2O (magnesium acetate) as precursors (Li: [Co + Mg]= 1:1 M ratio) with citric acid (2x mol [Co + Mg]). After that, phosphoric acid in equimolar ratio with Li and (Co + Mg) ions was added. The starting solution, with a concentration of the precursors of 0.1 M, was slowly evaporated at 80 C under air for 3 h. The homogeneous gel was heat-treated in air at 300 C for 5 min, then under nitrogen at 730 C 12 h respectively.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 582,p. 69 - 74

12
[ 86119-84-8 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 16674-78-5 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li⁽¹⁺⁾*0.975Co⁽²⁺⁾*O₄P^(3-)*0.025Mg⁽²⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The experimental procedures for the preparation of the samples were similar to those reported earlier [15]. The LiCo1-xMgxPO4 samples were prepared by dissolving in water Li(CH3COO)2H2O (<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong>), Co(CH3COO)24H2O (cobalt(II) acetate), Mg(CH3COO)2*4H2O (magnesium acetate) as precursors (Li: [Co + Mg]= 1:1 M ratio) with citric acid (2x mol [Co + Mg]). After that, phosphoric acid in equimolar ratio with Li and (Co + Mg) ions was added. The starting solution, with a concentration of the precursors of 0.1 M, was slowly evaporated at 80 C under air for 3 h. The homogeneous gel was heat-treated in air at 300 C for 5 min, then under nitrogen at 730 C 12 h respectively.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 582,p. 69 - 74

13
[ 86119-84-8 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 16674-78-5 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li⁽¹⁺⁾*0.95Co⁽²⁺⁾*O₄P^(3-)*0.05Mg⁽²⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The experimental procedures for the preparation of the samples were similar to those reported earlier [15]. The LiCo1-xMgxPO4 samples were prepared by dissolving in water Li(CH3COO)2H2O (<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong>), Co(CH3COO)24H2O (cobalt(II) acetate), Mg(CH3COO)2*4H2O (magnesium acetate) as precursors (Li: [Co + Mg]= 1:1 M ratio) with citric acid (2x mol [Co + Mg]). After that, phosphoric acid in equimolar ratio with Li and (Co + Mg) ions was added. The starting solution, with a concentration of the precursors of 0.1 M, was slowly evaporated at 80 C under air for 3 h. The homogeneous gel was heat-treated in air at 300 C for 5 min, then under nitrogen at 730 C 12 h respectively.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 582,p. 69 - 74

14
[ 86119-84-8 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 16674-78-5 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li⁽¹⁺⁾*0.9Co⁽²⁺⁾*O₄P^(3-)*0.1Mg⁽²⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The experimental procedures for the preparation of the samples were similar to those reported earlier [15]. The LiCo1-xMgxPO4 samples were prepared by dissolving in water Li(CH3COO)2H2O (<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong>), Co(CH3COO)24H2O (cobalt(II) acetate), Mg(CH3COO)2*4H2O (magnesium acetate) as precursors (Li: [Co + Mg]= 1:1 M ratio) with citric acid (2x mol [Co + Mg]). After that, phosphoric acid in equimolar ratio with Li and (Co + Mg) ions was added. The starting solution, with a concentration of the precursors of 0.1 M, was slowly evaporated at 80 C under air for 3 h. The homogeneous gel was heat-treated in air at 300 C for 5 min, then under nitrogen at 730 C 12 h respectively.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 582,p. 69 - 74

15
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 5970-45-6 ]
Zn_0.99Li_0.01O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Undoped, doped, and co-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a wet-chemical (oxalic acid) method. Ultrapure distilled water was used in all synthesis procedures. In a typical synthesis process, 0.1 M of Zn(CH3COO)22H2O and/or 0.1 M of Li(CH3COO)2H2O (1 at.% or 5 at.%) and/or 0.1 M of Mn(CH3COO)2*4H2O (1 at.% or 3 at.% or 5 at.%) were dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water to make the stock solution and the solution was stirred at RT for 20 min. Then, 0.1 M of oxalic acid was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water, and then slowly added into the stock solution with constant stirring. After being stirred at RT for 14 h, the mixture solution was aged for 2 h. Then the as-formed precipitates were filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried in air at 80C for 2 h. The dried powder was annealed at 500C for 2 h to get undoped (ZO), Li-doped (1 and 5 at.%), Mn-doped (1 and 5 at.%), and (Li, Mn) co-doped ZnO.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 614,p. 151 - 164

16
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 5970-45-6 ]
Zn_0.95Li_0.05O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Undoped, doped, and co-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a wet-chemical (oxalic acid) method. Ultrapure distilled water was used in all synthesis procedures. In a typical synthesis process, 0.1 M of Zn(CH3COO)22H2O and/or 0.1 M of Li(CH3COO)2H2O (1 at.% or 5 at.%) and/or 0.1 M of Mn(CH3COO)2*4H2O (1 at.% or 3 at.% or 5 at.%) were dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water to make the stock solution and the solution was stirred at RT for 20 min. Then, 0.1 M of oxalic acid was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water, and then slowly added into the stock solution with constant stirring. After being stirred at RT for 14 h, the mixture solution was aged for 2 h. Then the as-formed precipitates were filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried in air at 80C for 2 h. The dried powder was annealed at 500C for 2 h to get undoped (ZO), Li-doped (1 and 5 at.%), Mn-doped (1 and 5 at.%), and (Li, Mn) co-doped ZnO.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 614,p. 151 - 164

17
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 5970-45-6 ]
Zn_0.98Li_0.01Mn_0.01O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Undoped, doped, and co-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a wet-chemical (oxalic acid) method. Ultrapure distilled water was used in all synthesis procedures. In a typical synthesis process, 0.1 M of Zn(CH3COO)22H2O and/or 0.1 M of Li(CH3COO)2H2O (1 at.% or 5 at.%) and/or 0.1 M of Mn(CH3COO)2*4H2O (1 at.% or 3 at.% or 5 at.%) were dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water to make the stock solution and the solution was stirred at RT for 20 min. Then, 0.1 M of oxalic acid was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water, and then slowly added into the stock solution with constant stirring. After being stirred at RT for 14 h, the mixture solution was aged for 2 h. Then the as-formed precipitates were filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried in air at 80C for 2 h. The dried powder was annealed at 500C for 2 h to get undoped (ZO), Li-doped (1 and 5 at.%), Mn-doped (1 and 5 at.%), and (Li, Mn) co-doped ZnO.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 614,p. 151 - 164

18
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 5970-45-6 ]
Zn_0.96Li_0.01Mn_0.03O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Undoped, doped, and co-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a wet-chemical (oxalic acid) method. Ultrapure distilled water was used in all synthesis procedures. In a typical synthesis process, 0.1 M of Zn(CH3COO)22H2O and/or 0.1 M of Li(CH3COO)2H2O (1 at.% or 5 at.%) and/or 0.1 M of Mn(CH3COO)2*4H2O (1 at.% or 3 at.% or 5 at.%) were dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water to make the stock solution and the solution was stirred at RT for 20 min. Then, 0.1 M of oxalic acid was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water, and then slowly added into the stock solution with constant stirring. After being stirred at RT for 14 h, the mixture solution was aged for 2 h. Then the as-formed precipitates were filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried in air at 80C for 2 h. The dried powder was annealed at 500C for 2 h to get undoped (ZO), Li-doped (1 and 5 at.%), Mn-doped (1 and 5 at.%), and (Li, Mn) co-doped ZnO.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 614,p. 151 - 164

19
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 5970-45-6 ]
Zn_0.94Li_0.01Mn_0.05O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Undoped, doped, and co-doped ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a wet-chemical (oxalic acid) method. Ultrapure distilled water was used in all synthesis procedures. In a typical synthesis process, 0.1 M of Zn(CH3COO)22H2O and/or 0.1 M of Li(CH3COO)2H2O (1 at.% or 5 at.%) and/or 0.1 M of Mn(CH3COO)2*4H2O (1 at.% or 3 at.% or 5 at.%) were dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water to make the stock solution and the solution was stirred at RT for 20 min. Then, 0.1 M of oxalic acid was dissolved in 250 ml of distilled water, and then slowly added into the stock solution with constant stirring. After being stirred at RT for 14 h, the mixture solution was aged for 2 h. Then the as-formed precipitates were filtered, washed with distilled water, and dried in air at 80C for 2 h. The dried powder was annealed at 500C for 2 h to get undoped (ZO), Li-doped (1 and 5 at.%), Mn-doped (1 and 5 at.%), and (Li, Mn) co-doped ZnO.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 614,p. 151 - 164

20
[ 78-10-4 ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
lithium metasilicate [ No CAS ]
dilithium manganese(II) orthosilicate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: Li2MnSiO4/C with Ni(2+) doping was prepared via the solvothermal method by using starch as the carbon source. Firstly, C19H42BrN (0.1 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (45 ml). Secondly, C2H3O2Li2H2O, MnC4H6O44H2O, Si (OC2H5)4 and NiC4H6O4*4H2O were added into the above solution with the molar ratio of 2.2:0.95:1:0.05. Finally, glacial acetic acid (1.5 mL) was added as a catalyst. After stirring for 6 h,the homogeneous solution was loaded into a 100 ml Teflon-lined autoclave and maintained at 120 C for 20 h. The jelly-like product was dried at 60 C 12 h in a vacuum. The dried product was heat treated at 450 C for 2 h and then 700 C for 10 h in Ar (95%)/H2 (5%) atmosphere.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2014,vol. 614,p. 271 - 276

21
[ 6108-17-4 ]
titanium(IV) oxide [ No CAS ]
lithium titanate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Li4Ti5O12 powders were prepared by a PVP-assisted gel combustion method. PVP (AR), LiCH3COO2·2H2O (AR) and TiO2 (AR) were mixed in deionized water (the molar ratio of PVP to total metal ions was fixed at 2.0) and pH 3 was achieved by adding HNO3. The mixture was stirred and heated at 100C in air to obtain a dried gel, and then the gel was dried at 110C for 24h. The dried gel was ignited on a hot iron pot for several minutes to induce a combustion process. The black as-combusted powers were calcined at 800C for 8h in air, and then cooled to room temperature naturally. The obtained sample is denoted as GCM LTO. As a comparator, Li4Ti5O12 powders were synthesized by the solid-state reaction (SSR) method using Li2CO3 (AR) and TiO2 (AR), which were mixed through ball-milling and calcined at 800C for 8h

Reference： [1]Chinese Chemical Letters,2014,vol. 25,p. 1569 - 1572

22
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
lithium manganese oxide [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Al2O3-coated LAMO NPs were fabricated using the as-spun nanofiber templates, chemical precipitation, and calcination. First, LMO NPs were synthesized by sol treatment using the as-spun nanofiber templates. To obtain the as-spun nanofiber templates, 10 wt% polyacrylonitrile (PAN, Mw=150,000gmol-1, Aldrich) was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.8%, Aldrich) and stirred for 6 h. The prepared solution was put into the syringe equipped by a 23-gauge needle. Electrospinning was performed at the feeding rate of 0.03 mlh-1 with the voltage of 13 kV. Aluminum foil collector was placed to 15 cm from the syringe needle. Thereafter, the as-spun nanofibers were added into the sol solution of 1 M <strong>[6108-17-4]<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong> dehydrate</strong> (CH3COOLi·2H2O, Aldrich) and 2 M manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate ((CH3COO)2Mn·4H2O, Aldrich) in DI-water for 30 min. The sol treated as-spun nanofibers were dried at 80 C and annealed at 700 C for 10 h in air (referred to herein as bare LMO NPs).

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2014,vol. 150,p. 1 - 7
[2]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,vol. 727,p. 1165 - 1170
[3]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2020,vol. 835

23
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
LiNi_0.3Co_0.3Mn_0.4O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: In a typical synthesis, each of Ni(CH3COO)24H2O, Co(CH3COO)24H2O, and Mn(CH3COO)24H2O of 2 mmol were added in 20 mL of glycol. The mixture was then added by 6 mmol of CH3COOLi2H2O (5% excess amount was used to compensate Li loss during heat treatment). The solution was heated at 150 C under magnetic stirring for 4 h, and then transferred to an Al2O3 crucible. The crucible was put in a preheated muffle furnace at 450 C. The solution burned with flames and lasted for about 10 min, which maintained at the temperature for another 4 h. The obtained brown powder was calcined at 850 C for 10 h and then slowly cooled to room temperature. For controlled experiments with added combustion improvers, the same procedures were carried out, only at the beginning adding 6 mmol of tartaric acid, glycine,and citric acid, respectively.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,vol. 635,p. 207 - 212

24
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
(Li₂MnO₃)0.02(LiCoO₂)098 [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
Ca. 80%		Stoichiometric amounts of reagents were dissolved in distilled water. The excess amount of lithium salt was 5%. The resulting solution was dried to form a mixed dry precursor via a spray-drier. The inlet air temperature was 210C, and the exit air temperature was 110C. The precursor was preheated at 400C in air for 5 h and then ground in an agate mortar and re-sintered at 950C for 15 h.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,vol. 626,p. 228 - 233

25
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
(Li₂MnO₃)0.05(LiCoO₂)095 [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
Ca. 80%		Stoichiometric amounts of reagents were dissolved in distilled water. The excess amount of lithium salt was 5%. The resulting solution was dried to form a mixed dry precursor via a spray-drier. The inlet air temperature was 210C, and the exit air temperature was 110C. The precursor was preheated at 400C in air for 5 h and then ground in an agate mortar and re-sintered at 950C for 15 h.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,vol. 626,p. 228 - 233

26
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
(Li₂MnO₃)0.1(LiCoO₂)0.9 [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
Ca. 80%		Stoichiometric amounts of reagents were dissolved in distilled water. The excess amount of lithium salt was 5%. The resulting solution was dried to form a mixed dry precursor via a spray-drier. The inlet air temperature was 210C, and the exit air temperature was 110C. The precursor was preheated at 400C in air for 5 h and then ground in an agate mortar and re-sintered at 950C for 15 h.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2015,vol. 626,p. 228 - 233

27
3C₂H₃O₂^(1-)*Al⁽³⁺⁾*4H₂O [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.1Al_0.1O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.1Al0.1O2 was prepared by using CH3COOLi·2H2O (Aladdin, 99%), Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O (Aladdin, 99%), Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O (Aladdin, 99%), Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O (Aladdin, 99%), Al2(CH3COO)3·4H2O (Aladdin, 99%), polyethylene glycol (Aladdin, 99%) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (Aladdin, 99%) as starting materials. All the raw materials were firstly ball-milled for 20h before calcinations. The mixed precursor was then pre-treated at 500C for 4h and sintered at 700C for 6h. After that, the final sample was formed after the calcinations at 850C for 24h under air atmosphere.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2016,vol. 667,p. 58 - 64

28
ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13]0.99Mo_0.01O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The layered cathode materials Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]1-xMoxO2 (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04), denoted as Mo-1, Mo-2, Mo-3,Mo-4, were prepared successfully by a novel organic coprecipitationroute. Lithium acetate (CH3COOLi2H2O, 99.0%,Sinopharm), nickel acetate ((CH3COO)2 Ni4H2O, 98.0%, Sinopharm),cobalt acetate ((CH3COO)2Co4H2O, 99.5%, Sinopharm),((NH4)6Mo7O244H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm) and manganese acetate((CH3COO)2Mn4H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm), in stoichiometricamounts, were dissolved in distilled water (solution A) at roomtemperature. The 8-hydroxyquinoline was dissolved in ethanol at60 C (solution B). The solution A and solution B are mixed togetherto get yellow precipitation, which wasfiercely stirred for 4 h tocontinue adequate reaction. The powdered precipitation was driedin air at 120 C withoutfiltration and moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h and followed by 900 C for12 h in air. The syntheses are outlined in Fig. 1. For comparison, acontrolled experiment was carried out as follows: the referentialsample was prepared using the same co-precipitation routinewithout Mo partial substitutions of the transition metal Mn2+, Ni2+,Co2+. The obtained precipitation was washed and then dried in airat 120 C, and the dried precursor was moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h. After a further calcinationprocedure at 900 C for 12 h in air, the controlled LMNC cathodematerial was obtained.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2016,vol. 207,p. 120 - 129

29
ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13]0.98Mo_0.02O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The layered cathode materials Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]1-xMoxO2 (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04), denoted as Mo-1, Mo-2, Mo-3,Mo-4, were prepared successfully by a novel organic coprecipitationroute. Lithium acetate (CH3COOLi2H2O, 99.0%,Sinopharm), nickel acetate ((CH3COO)2 Ni4H2O, 98.0%, Sinopharm),cobalt acetate ((CH3COO)2Co4H2O, 99.5%, Sinopharm),((NH4)6Mo7O244H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm) and manganese acetate((CH3COO)2Mn4H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm), in stoichiometricamounts, were dissolved in distilled water (solution A) at roomtemperature. The 8-hydroxyquinoline was dissolved in ethanol at60 C (solution B). The solution A and solution B are mixed togetherto get yellow precipitation, which wasfiercely stirred for 4 h tocontinue adequate reaction. The powdered precipitation was driedin air at 120 C withoutfiltration and moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h and followed by 900 C for12 h in air. The syntheses are outlined in Fig. 1. For comparison, acontrolled experiment was carried out as follows: the referentialsample was prepared using the same co-precipitation routinewithout Mo partial substitutions of the transition metal Mn2+, Ni2+,Co2+. The obtained precipitation was washed and then dried in airat 120 C, and the dried precursor was moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h. After a further calcinationprocedure at 900 C for 12 h in air, the controlled LMNC cathodematerial was obtained.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2016,vol. 207,p. 120 - 129

30
ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13]0.97Mo_0.03O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The layered cathode materials Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]1-xMoxO2 (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04), denoted as Mo-1, Mo-2, Mo-3,Mo-4, were prepared successfully by a novel organic coprecipitationroute. Lithium acetate (CH3COOLi2H2O, 99.0%,Sinopharm), nickel acetate ((CH3COO)2 Ni4H2O, 98.0%, Sinopharm),cobalt acetate ((CH3COO)2Co4H2O, 99.5%, Sinopharm),((NH4)6Mo7O244H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm) and manganese acetate((CH3COO)2Mn4H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm), in stoichiometricamounts, were dissolved in distilled water (solution A) at roomtemperature. The 8-hydroxyquinoline was dissolved in ethanol at60 C (solution B). The solution A and solution B are mixed togetherto get yellow precipitation, which wasfiercely stirred for 4 h tocontinue adequate reaction. The powdered precipitation was driedin air at 120 C withoutfiltration and moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h and followed by 900 C for12 h in air. The syntheses are outlined in Fig. 1. For comparison, acontrolled experiment was carried out as follows: the referentialsample was prepared using the same co-precipitation routinewithout Mo partial substitutions of the transition metal Mn2+, Ni2+,Co2+. The obtained precipitation was washed and then dried in airat 120 C, and the dried precursor was moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h. After a further calcinationprocedure at 900 C for 12 h in air, the controlled LMNC cathodematerial was obtained.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2016,vol. 207,p. 120 - 129

31
ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li[Li_0.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13]0.96Mo_0.04O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: The layered cathode materials Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]1-xMoxO2 (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04), denoted as Mo-1, Mo-2, Mo-3,Mo-4, were prepared successfully by a novel organic coprecipitationroute. Lithium acetate (CH3COOLi2H2O, 99.0%,Sinopharm), nickel acetate ((CH3COO)2 Ni4H2O, 98.0%, Sinopharm),cobalt acetate ((CH3COO)2Co4H2O, 99.5%, Sinopharm),((NH4)6Mo7O244H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm) and manganese acetate((CH3COO)2Mn4H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm), in stoichiometricamounts, were dissolved in distilled water (solution A) at roomtemperature. The 8-hydroxyquinoline was dissolved in ethanol at60 C (solution B). The solution A and solution B are mixed togetherto get yellow precipitation, which wasfiercely stirred for 4 h tocontinue adequate reaction. The powdered precipitation was driedin air at 120 C withoutfiltration and moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h and followed by 900 C for12 h in air. The syntheses are outlined in Fig. 1. For comparison, acontrolled experiment was carried out as follows: the referentialsample was prepared using the same co-precipitation routinewithout Mo partial substitutions of the transition metal Mn2+, Ni2+,Co2+. The obtained precipitation was washed and then dried in airat 120 C, and the dried precursor was moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h. After a further calcinationprocedure at 900 C for 12 h in air, the controlled LMNC cathodematerial was obtained.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2016,vol. 207,p. 120 - 129

32
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6156-78-1 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li(Li_0.20Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13)O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		The layered cathode materials Li[Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]1-xMoxO2 (x = 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04), denoted as Mo-1, Mo-2, Mo-3,Mo-4, were prepared successfully by a novel organic coprecipitationroute. Lithium acetate (CH3COOLi2H2O, 99.0%,Sinopharm), nickel acetate ((CH3COO)2 Ni4H2O, 98.0%, Sinopharm),cobalt acetate ((CH3COO)2Co4H2O, 99.5%, Sinopharm),((NH4)6Mo7O244H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm) and manganese acetate((CH3COO)2Mn4H2O, 99.0%, Sinopharm), in stoichiometricamounts, were dissolved in distilled water (solution A) at roomtemperature. The 8-hydroxyquinoline was dissolved in ethanol at60 C (solution B). The solution A and solution B are mixed togetherto get yellow precipitation, which wasfiercely stirred for 4 h tocontinue adequate reaction. The powdered precipitation was driedin air at 120 C withoutfiltration and moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h and followed by 900 C for12 h in air. The syntheses are outlined in Fig. 1. For comparison, acontrolled experiment was carried out as follows: the referentialsample was prepared using the same co-precipitation routinewithout Mo partial substitutions of the transition metal Mn2+, Ni2+,Co2+. The obtained precipitation was washed and then dried in airat 120 C, and the dried precursor was moved into the agate jar ofball mill and ground for 0.5 h. After above process, the sample wasthen pre-annealed in air at 500 C for 4 h. After a further calcinationprocedure at 900 C for 12 h in air, the controlled LMNC cathodematerial was obtained.
		The pristine LNCM was prepared by a improved co-precipitation method using 8-hydroxyquinoline with the N and O heteroatoms as a precipitant, which could provide lone pair electrons for the 3d empty orbitals of Mn+ metal ions in the reaction system. At first, the stoichiometric amounts of starting materials CH3COOLi2H2O, (CH3COO)2Ni4H2O, (CH3COO)2-Co4H2O and (CH3COO)2Mn4H2O, (The above chemicals were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, analytical grade and without further purified), were dissolved together in distilled water with vigorous stirring at room temperature, and the desired amount of 1.0 M 8-hydroxyquinoline solution were pumped into the reactor. The reaction temperature was kept at 60 C andperformed for 4 h with vigorous stirring to get adequate reaction.The obtained yellow precipitation was dried in a vacuum oven at 120 C without centrifugation and wash, and then was pre-treated at 500 C for 4 h in air before annealing by 900 C for 12 h.
		pristine Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2 (referred to as pLLO) obtained via the traditional co-precipitation method was synthesized as follow: Stoichiometric amounts of Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O, Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O, Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O, and LiCH3COO·2H2O were dissolved in a mixed solvent consisting of ethanol and water at a 1:1vol ratio. Excess of a 10mol% H2C2O4·2H2O solution (dissolved in ethanol) was then added drop-wise into the mixed metal-acetate solution while it was vigorously stirred. After filtration and drying, the obtained powder was calcined at 850C for 20h to obtain pristine but irregular Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2 particles.

12.8545 g CH3COOLi·2H2O, 3.2380 g Mn(CH3COO)2·4H2O,13.2348 g Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O, and 3.2349 g Ni(CH3COO)2·4H2O werecompletely mixed in deionized water to obtain transition metal ionsolution. 12.9852 g oxalic acid or 14.6373 g ammonium oxalate wasdissolved in deionized water to form transparent solution. Then, thetransition metal ion solution was added dropwise into the precipitantsolution for 3 h. The final mixture was evaporated to dryness in a waterbath at 80 C. After that, the dried sample was pre-calcined at 450 C for5 h. After grinding for 1 h, the final samples were obtained after calciningat different temperatures for 12 h. The materials prepared indifferent conditions are listed in Table 1.

Reference： [1]Electrochimica Acta,2016,vol. 207,p. 120 - 129
[2]RSC Advances,2016,vol. 6,p. 34245 - 34253
[3]RSC Advances,2016,vol. 6,p. 69790 - 69797
[4]Electrochimica Acta,2016,vol. 213,p. 648 - 654
[5]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2019,vol. 772,p. 230 - 239
[6]Chemical Physics Letters,2019,vol. 730,p. 354 - 360

33
manganese(II) acetate hexahydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 6018-89-9 ]
[ 6147-53-1 ]
Li[Ni₀₃₃₀Co_0.33Mn_0.33]O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode materials were synthesized by a wet chemical method using tartaric acid as a chelating agent. In a typical synthesis, stoichiometric amounts of CH3COOLi·2H2O(Alfa Aesar), Ni(CH3OO)2·4H2O (Alfa Aesar), Co(CH3COO)2·4H2O(Alfa Aesar) and Mn(CH3COO)2·6H2O(Alfa Aesar) were thoroughly dissolved in de-ionized water containing appropriate amount of tartaric acid, followed by stirring at 90C until a polymerized gel was formed. The tartaric acid to total metal ion ratio was 2:1. The resultant precursor was calcinated at 500C for 5h and subsequently calcinated at 900C for 12h in air to obtain a homogeneous LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 powder.

Reference： [1]Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,vol. 711,p. 462 - 472

34
nickel(II) acetate dihydrate [ No CAS ]
[ 6108-17-4 ]
[ 5593-70-4 ]
Li₁₁₆₇Ni_0.25Ti₀₅₈₃O₂ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		General procedure: Cathode materials Li1+z/3Ni1/2-z/2Ti1/2+z/6O2 (Z=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized with the starting materials of <strong>[6108-17-4]<strong>[6108-17-4]lithium acetate</strong> dehydrate</strong> (C2H3O2Li·2H2O), nickel acetate dehydrate (C4H6NiO4·4H2O) and tetra-butyl titanate (C16H36O4Ti). After stoichiometric amounts of C2H3O2Li and C4H6NiO4 were homogeneously dissolved in ethanol, C16H36O4Ti with stoichiometric ratio was added into mixture solution. Then the mixture solution was continuously stirred in oil bath at 80 C for 24 h. The gel was obtained after the evaporation and dried in an oven at 100 C, which was then ball-milled for 5 h to get the xerogel powders. Finally, the pelletized sample was calcined at 600 C for 10 h in an oxygen gas flow to get Li1+z/3Ni1/2-z/2Ti1/2+z/6O2 composites.