Aloe emodin | Rhabarberone | Ketones

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CAS No. :	481-72-1
Formula :	C₁₅H₁₀O₅
M.W :	270.24
SMILES Code :	O=C1C2=C(C=CC=C2O)C(C3=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C13)=O
Synonyms :	Rhabarberone; 3-Hydroxymethylchrysazine; NSC 38628
MDL No. :	MFCD00017373
InChI Key :	YDQWDHRMZQUTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :	10207

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:	Warning
Hazard Statements:	H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:	P261-P305+P351+P338

HepG2 cells	0, 50, 100, 200 μM	0, 12, 24, 48, 72 hours	To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Aloe emodin on the growth of HepG2 cells. The results showed that AE inhibited the growth of HepG2 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner.	PMC10600456
Human lung non-small cell carcinoma cell line H460	40 μM	16 hours	Investigated Aloe emodin-induced apoptosis, observed nuclear morphological changes and DNA fragmentation.	PMC1573035
Human lung squamous carcinoma cell line CH27	40 μM	16 hours	Investigated Aloe emodin-induced apoptosis, observed nuclear morphological changes and DNA fragmentation.	PMC1573035
SW480 and HT-29 cells	50 μM	16 hours	AE only triggered apoptotic cell death in SW480 and HT-29 cells.	PMC9157280
HepG2 cells	30 μM	24 hours	To evaluate the effect of AE on cholesterol metabolism, it was found that 30 μM AE significantly inhibited SCAP and PCSK9 protein expression, upregulated LDLR expression, and promoted LDL uptake.	PMC7470781
H9C2 cells	2 μM	24 hours	To investigate the inhibitory effect of Aloe emodin on X-ray-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy	PMC11653682
HT22 cells	2, 4, 6 μM	24 hours	To evaluate the protective effect of Aloe emodin on Aβ25-35-induced AD cell models and its promotion of cell proliferation. Results showed that 6 μM AE significantly increased cell viability and promoted DNA synthesis.	PMC11931456
HeLa cells	25 μM and 50 μM	24 hours	AE inhibited proliferation and migration and triggered caspase-dependent cell death of HeLa cells in a dose-dependent manner.	PMC9157280
HepG2 cells	0, 50, 100, 200 μM	24 hours	To evaluate the effect of Aloe emodin on apoptosis of HepG2 cells. The results showed that AE increased the proportion of early and late apoptotic HCC cells in a concentration-dependent manner.	PMC10600456
A375 and MCF7 cells	50 μM	24 or 48 hours	AE induced the GSDME activation in A375 and MCF7 cells.	PMC9157280
ARPE-19 cells	0.2, 1.0 and 5.0 µg/mL	48 hours	Inhibits VEGFA secretion in ARPE-19 cells under hypoxia condition	PMC5118782
TE-671 medulloblastoma cells	0.14 μg/mL (IC50)	48 hours	To evaluate the antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against enterovirus 71 (EV71), showing an IC50 of 0.14 μg/mL.	PMC7126984
HL-CZ promonocyte cells	0.52 μg/mL (IC50)	48 hours	To evaluate the antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against enterovirus 71 (EV71), showing an IC50 of 0.52 μg/mL.	PMC7126984
TE-671 medulloblastoma cells	1.51 μg/mL (IC50)	48 hours	To evaluate the antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), showing an IC50 of 1.51 μg/mL.	PMC7126984
HL-CZ promonocyte cells	0.50 μg/mL (IC50)	48 hours	To evaluate the antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), showing an IC50 of 0.50 μg/mL.	PMC7126984
HUVEC cells	40, 20, 10 μM	48 hours	Evaluate the effects of AE and EMD on HUVEC cells. The results showed that AE and EMD had minimal impact on the survival rate of HUVEC cells, with survival rates exceeding 80%.	PMC9694700
MCF-7 cells	40, 20, 10 μM	48 hours	Evaluate the effects of AE and EMD on adhesion, invasion, angiogenesis, and anoikis of MCF-7 cells. The results showed that AE and EMD could inhibit adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis and induce anoikis of MCF-7 cells.	PMC9694700
A375	15 μM	48 hours	Inhibited cell proliferation, disrupted glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, reduced TCA cycle intermediates	PMC11990439
COLO 794	15 μM	48 hours	Inhibited cell proliferation, disrupted glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, reduced TCA cycle intermediates	PMC11990439
Mouse lung macrophages (MH-S)	16 µg/ml	5 hours	To evaluate the protective effect of Aloe emodin against S. aureus-mediated cell injury. Results showed that Aloe emodin significantly reduced cell death.	PMC6530610
Human lung epithelial cells (A549)	16 µg/ml	5 hours	To evaluate the protective effect of Aloe emodin against S. aureus-mediated cell injury. Results showed that Aloe emodin significantly reduced cell death.	PMC6530610
RAW264.7 cells	300 μM		Assess the inhibitory effect of AE on inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, results showed significant suppression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α upregulation	PMC10418438
RAW264.7 cells	0–300 μM		Evaluate the cytotoxicity of AE on RAW264.7 cells, results showed no significant toxicity at 0–300 μmol/L	PMC10418438

C57BL/6 mice	DSS-induced colitis model	Intragastric administration	10, 20, 40 mg/kg	Once daily for 7 days	To evaluate the therapeutic effect of aloe emodin on colitis, results showed that aloe emodin significantly alleviated colitis symptoms and promoted mucosal healing	PMC11413701
Wistar rats	High-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia model	Intragastric administration	100 mg/kg	Once daily for 6 weeks	To evaluate the lipid-lowering effect of AE in hyperlipidemic rats, it was found that AE significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in serum and liver, ameliorated hepatic lipid aggregation, and upregulated LDL receptor expression by inhibiting the PCSK9/LDLR pathway.	PMC7470781
Sprague-Dawley rats	Radiation-induced heart damage model	Intraperitoneal injection	10 mg/kg	Once daily for 28 days	To evaluate the protective effect of Aloe emodin on radiation-induced heart damage	PMC11653682
C57BL/6 mice	CLP-induced sepsis model	Intraperitoneal injection	0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg	Once daily, continuous observation	Evaluate the therapeutic effect of AE on CLP-induced sepsis in mice, results showed AE significantly improved survival rate and reduced inflammatory response and organ damage	PMC10418438
Sprague-Dawley rats	PSD rat model induced by MCAO + CUMS	Oral gavage	100 mg/kg	Once daily for 21 days	AE significantly improved behavioral function, reduced depression levels, improved brain tissue damage and lesions, increased the number of brain tissue neurons, decreased the contents of AQP3, AQP4, AQP5, GFAP, and TRPV4 in the brain and brain tissue, and increased the protein expressions of BDNF and NTF3 in PSprague-Dawley rats.	PMC10048947
APP/PS1 double transgenic mice	Alzheimer's disease model	Intragastric	25, 50, 100 mg/kg	Once daily for 28 days	To evaluate the effect of Aloe emodin on cognitive dysfunction and hippocampal neuronal damage in AD model mice. Results showed that AE significantly improved cognitive function, reduced hippocampal damage, and activated mitophagy via the AMPK/PGC-1α/SIRT3 pathway.	PMC11931456
Guinea pigs	T. rubrum-caused tinea corporis model	Topical application	10 μM	Once daily for three consecutive days	Evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of AE-mediated aPDT for T. rubrum-caused tinea corporis. Results showed that after three treatments, skin lesions were significantly improved, and fungal cells on the skin surface were completely inactivated.	PMC8867962
C57BL/6J mice	S. aureus pneumonia model	Hypodermic injection	100 mg/kg	Every 8 hours for 72 hours	To evaluate the protective effect of Aloe emodin against S. aureus pneumonia. Results showed that Aloe emodin significantly reduced mortality in infected mice and decreased lung inflammation and bacterial colonization.	PMC6530610

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CAS No.: 481-72-1

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CAS No.: 481-72-1

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Precautionary Statements-General
Code	Phrase
P101	If medical advice is needed,have product container or label at hand.
P102	Keep out of reach of children.
P103	Read label before use
Prevention
Code	Phrase
P201	Obtain special instructions before use.
P202	Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P210	Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P211	Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source.
P220	Keep/Store away from clothing/combustible materials.
P221	Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles
P222	Do not allow contact with air.
P223	Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire.
P230	Keep wetted
P231	Handle under inert gas.
P232	Protect from moisture.
P233	Keep container tightly closed.
P234	Keep only in original container.
P235	Keep cool
P240	Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241	Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.
P242	Use only non-sparking tools.
P243	Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P244	Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil.
P250	Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction.
P251	Pressurized container: Do not pierce or burn, even after use.
P260	Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261	Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262	Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P263	Avoid contact during pregnancy/while nursing.
P264	Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
P265	Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P270	Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271	Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P272	Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P273	Avoid release to the environment.
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P281	Use personal protective equipment as required.
P282	Wear cold insulating gloves/face shield/eye protection.
P283	Wear fire/flame resistant/retardant clothing.
P284	Wear respiratory protection.
P285	In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
P231 + P232	Handle under inert gas. Protect from moisture.
P235 + P410	Keep cool. Protect from sunlight.
Response
Code	Phrase
P301	IF SWALLOWED:
P304	IF INHALED:
P305	IF IN EYES:
P306	IF ON CLOTHING:
P307	IF exposed:
P308	IF exposed or concerned:
P309	IF exposed or if you feel unwell:
P310	Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P311	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P312	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P313	Get medical advice/attention.
P314	Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P315	Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P320
P302 + P352	IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.
P321
P322
P330	Rinse mouth.
P331	Do NOT induce vomiting.
P332	IF SKIN irritation occurs:
P333	If skin irritation or rash occurs:
P334	Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages.
P335	Brush off loose particles from skin.
P336	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.
P337	If eye irritation persists:
P338	Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340	Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P341	If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342	If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P350	Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P351	Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352	Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P353	Rinse skin with water/shower.
P360	Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P361	Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P362	Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P363	Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P370	In case of fire:
P371	In case of major fire and large quantities:
P372	Explosion risk in case of fire.
P373	DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P374	Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
P376	Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1
P377	Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378
P380	Evacuate area.
P381	Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so.
P390	Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391	Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment
P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301 + P312	IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P302 + P350	IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P304 + P312	IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P304 + P341	IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306 + P360	IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P307 + P311	IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P309 + P311	IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P332 + P313	IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333 + P313	IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P335 + P334	Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P337 + P313	IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P342 + P311	IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P370 + P376	In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so.
P370 + P378	In case of fire:
P370 + P380	In case of fire: Evacuate area.
P370 + P380 + P375	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P371 + P380 + P375	In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
Storage
Code	Phrase
P401
P402	Store in a dry place.
P403	Store in a well-ventilated place.
P404	Store in a closed container.
P405	Store locked up.
P406	Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner.
P407	Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets.
P410	Protect from sunlight.
P411
P412	Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF.
P413
P420	Store away from other materials.
P422
P402 + P404	Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P410 + P403	Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410 + P412	Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF.
P411 + P235	Keep cool.
Disposal
Code	Phrase
P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...
P502	Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling

Physical hazards
Code	Phrase
H200	Unstable explosive
H201	Explosive; mass explosion hazard
H202	Explosive; severe projection hazard
H203	Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard
H204	Fire or projection hazard
H205	May mass explode in fire
H220	Extremely flammable gas
H221	Flammable gas
H222	Extremely flammable aerosol
H223	Flammable aerosol
H224	Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H225	Highly flammable liquid and vapour
H226	Flammable liquid and vapour
H227	Combustible liquid
H228	Flammable solid
H229	Pressurized container: may burst if heated
H230	May react explosively even in the absence of air
H231	May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
H240	Heating may cause an explosion
H241	Heating may cause a fire or explosion
H242	Heating may cause a fire
H250	Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H251	Self-heating; may catch fire
H252	Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
H260	In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously
H261	In contact with water releases flammable gas
H270	May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer
H271	May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer
H272	May intensify fire; oxidizer
H280	Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H281	Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
H290	May be corrosive to metals
Health hazards
Code	Phrase
H300	Fatal if swallowed
H301	Toxic if swallowed
H302	Harmful if swallowed
H303	May be harmful if swallowed