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Chemical Structure| 24211-30-1 Chemical Structure| 24211-30-1

Structure of Farrerol
CAS No.: 24211-30-1

Chemical Structure| 24211-30-1

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Farrerol is a natural product isolated and purified from the leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L.

4.5 *For Research Use Only !

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Product Details of Farrerol

CAS No. :24211-30-1
Formula : C17H16O5
M.W : 300.31
SMILES Code : CC1=C2C(C(C[C@@H](C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O2)=O)=C(C(C)=C1O)O
MDL No. :MFCD28347824
InChI Key :DYHOLQACRGJEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :91144

Safety of Farrerol

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:P261-P280-P301+P312-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338

Isoform Comparison

Biological Activity

In Vitro:

Cell Line
Concentration Treated Time Description References
HEK 293FT cells 0.1, 1, 5, 10 μM 24 hours Promotes SpCRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene targeting efficiency PMC7380943
EA.hy926 cells 40-160 μM 24 or 48 hours FA did not significantly affect the viability of EA.hy926 cells. PMC8430798
Mouse mammary epithelial cells (mMECs) 90, 110, 130 µM 1 h pretreatment followed by LPS stimulation for 4 h Inhibited inflammatory response and phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB p65, p38, and ERK1/2 PMC6032361
HepG2 cells 5, 10, 20 μM 1 hour To evaluate the protective effect of Farrerol against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity, results showed that Farrerol pretreatment significantly suppressed cytotoxicity caused by H2O2 in a dose-dependent manner. PMC6429022
RAW264.7 cells 25, 50, 100 μM 1 hour Farrerol significantly reduced the production of inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells by suppressing AKT, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and NF-κB p65 phosphorylation. PMC6073308
Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) 20 μM 15 minutes To investigate the inhibitory effect of FA on NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Results showed that FA significantly reduced IL-1β release and caspase-1 activation. PMC9043491
HepG2 cells 5, 10, 20 μM 18 hours To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Farrerol on H2O2-induced ROS generation, results showed that Farrerol pretreatment significantly reduced H2O2-induced ROS generation in a dose-dependent manner. PMC6429022
Human proximal tubule cells (HK-2) 5, 10, 20 μM 18 hours Farrerol pretreatment significantly attenuated cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity, particularly at a concentration of 20 μM. PMC6901966
Mouse tubular epithelial cells (MTECs) 5, 10, 20 μM 18 hours Farrerol pretreatment significantly attenuated cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity, particularly at a concentration of 20 μM. PMC6901966
Rat thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) 0.3–10 μM 2 h pretreatment followed by 48 h stimulation Inhibited FBS-induced VSMC proliferation and DNA synthesis, associated with G1 cell cycle arrest, down-regulation of cell cycle proteins, and reduction in FBS-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation PMC4001983
HaCaT cells 4.7 µM (IC50) 20 hours Evaluate inhibition of Farrerol on VEGF-induced wound healing, results showed IC50 of 4.7 µM PMC11767819
HCA2-hTERT cells 0.1 μM 24 hours Farrerol promoted the recruitment of RAD51 at DNA damage sites and accelerated γH2AX foci clearance via UCHL3 PMC10070447
HEK293 cells 20 μM 24 hours Confirmed UCHL3 as the direct target of Farrerol via CETSA assay, Farrerol increased the thermal stability of UCHL3 PMC10070447
Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) 0.1, 1, 5, 10 μM 24 hours Significantly enhances SpCRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene targeting efficiency PMC7380943
Fibroblasts 20 μM 24 hours Farrerol significantly inhibited Ang II-induced fibroblast migration and proliferation and reduced the expression of Collagen III and α-SMA. PMC9846078
Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) 20 μM 24 hours Farrerol reduced the Ang II-induced increase in cardiomyocyte surface area and decreased mitochondrial ROS levels. PMC9846078
Human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) 20 μM 24 hours To evaluate the effect of Farrerol on the expression of Nrf2 and PINK1 PMC8631930
HepG2 cells 20 μM 24 hours To investigate the effect of Farrerol on PAOA-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Results showed that Farrerol reduced lipid accumulation by targeting PTPN1 and decreasing INSR dephosphorylation. PMC11408267
Rat tenocytes 1, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μ M 24 hours To evaluate the protective effect of Farrerol against RSL3-induced ferroptosis. Results showed that Farrerol at 10-40 μM concentrations was non-toxic and significantly inhibited RSL3-induced cell death and lipid peroxidation. PMC9189353
RAW264.3 cells 1 µM, 10 µM, 25 µM 24 hours Evaluate inhibition of Farrerol on VEGF-induced NF-κB activity, results showed dose-dependent suppression PMC11767819
HaCaT cells 1 µM, 10 µM, 25 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM 24 hours Evaluate cytotoxicity, results showed Farrerol did not induce significant apoptosis at concentrations up to 100 µM PMC11767819
SKOV3 cells 40-160 μM 24 or 48 hours FA decreased the viability of SKOV3 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. PMC8430798
A549 cells 0-64 µg/mL 3 hours Evaluate the effect of Farrerol on the survival of A549 cells infected with MRSA USA300. Results showed that Farrerol significantly reduced LDH release, indicating decreased cell damage. PMC11963547
Rat liver microsomes 50 μM 60 minutes To study the metabolites of Farrerol, 15 in vitro metabolites were identified PMC6804004
3T3-L1 cells 15 or 30 μM 8 days FA significantly increased adipocyte differentiation and intracellular lipid accumulation, and reversed TNF-α-mediated lipolysis. PMC8430798
Neofusicoccum laricinum 0.10 g/L, 0.25 g/L, 0.5 g/L, 1 g/L, 2 g/L 8 days Evaluate the inhibitory effect of Farrerol on Neofusicoccum laricinum. The results showed that the inhibitory effect increased with the concentration of Farrerol, with 2 g/L achieving nearly 100% inhibition rate. PMC11547970
Rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) 14.02 μM To study the effect of Farrerol on L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (LVGC) using whole-cell patch clamp, results showed Farrerol significantly inhibited Ca2+ influx current. PMC4013652

In Vivo:

Species
Animal Model
Administration Dosage Frequency Description References
B6 mice APAP-induced hepatotoxicity model Intraperitoneal injection 40 mg/kg Twice, at 12 h and 1 h intervals To evaluate the protective effect of Farrerol against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, results showed that Farrerol significantly reduced mortality, histopathological liver changes, and ALT and AST levels caused by APAP. PMC6429022
C57BL/6 mice Cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury model Intraperitoneal injection 20 mg/kg Farrerol was administered 1 hour after cisplatin, and again at 24 and 48 hours, with sacrifice 24 hours after the last dose. Farrerol significantly improved cisplatin-induced renal damage, including recovery of BUN, SCr, KIM-1, and NGAL levels, and alleviated pathological damage. PMC6901966
Mice Embryo model Added to culture medium 0.05, 0.1 μM 24 hours Improves SpCRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene targeting efficiency and supports efficient generation of gene-targeted mice PMC7380943
C57BL/6 mice TNBS-induced colitis model Oral 45 mg/kg Once daily for 3 days Farrerol significantly improved weight change, clinical scores, colon length, and intestinal epithelium barrier damage, and markedly decreased inflammatory cytokines production in TNBS-induced mice. PMC6073308
C57BL/6J mice Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac remodeling model Intraperitoneal injection 10 mg/kg Once daily for 2 weeks Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress, and improved cardiac function. PMC9846078
BALB/c mice LPS-induced mastitis model Intraperitoneal injection 20, 30, 40 mg/kg Second dose administered 12 h after LPS injection Improved pathological injury of mammary gland, reduced MPO activity, inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators and phosphorylation of AKT, NF-κB p65, p38, and ERK1/2 PMC6032361
C57BL/6J mice Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury model Intraperitoneal injection 10 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg Once daily for 7 days To investigate the protective effect of FA on myocardial I/R injury. Results showed that FA significantly alleviated myocardial tissue damage, reduced the secretion of myocardial injury factors (CK-MB, LDH, troponin-1, and NT-proBNP), and inhibited the release of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). PMC9043491
C57BL/6 wild-type and Nrf2 knockout mice Cisplatin-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) model Intraperitoneal injection 10 mg/kg Once daily until the day of harvest or 5 days after the second cisplatin injection To evaluate the protective effect of Farrerol on cisplatin-induced CKD and its mechanism PMC8631930
C57BL/6J mice High-fat diet-induced MAFLD model Intraperitoneal injection 40 mg/kg Once daily for 8 weeks To investigate the effect of Farrerol on insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced MAFLD mice. Results showed that Farrerol improved insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and alleviated hepatic steatosis and lipid accumulation. PMC11408267
Sprague-Dawley rats Collagenase-induced tendinopathy model Local injection 2 µg/100 μl Once a week for 4 weeks To evaluate the therapeutic effect of Farrerol on tendinopathy. Results showed that Farrerol significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, promoted tenogenesis, and improved tendon mechanical properties. Additionally, Farrerol alleviated tendinopathy by inhibiting iron accumulation and ferroptosis. PMC9189353
Rats Oral administration model Oral 20 mg/kg Single dose, sampling time from 0.083 to 24 hours To study the in vivo metabolism of Farrerol, 42 in vivo metabolites were identified PMC6804004
C57BL/6J mice S. aureus-induced pneumonia model Intraperitoneal injection 50 mg/kg Every 12 hours for 96 hours Evaluate the protective effects of Farrerol combined with cefepime in mice with S. aureus-induced pneumonia. Results showed that the combination therapy significantly improved survival rates, reduced bacterial load in the lungs, and ameliorated tissue damage. PMC11963547

Protocol

Bio Calculators
Preparing Stock Solutions 1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

3.33mL

0.67mL

0.33mL

16.65mL

3.33mL

1.66mL

33.30mL

6.66mL

3.33mL

Dissolving Methods
Please choose the appropriate dissolution scheme according to your animal administration guide.For the following dissolution schemes, clear stock solution should be prepared according to in vitro experiments, and then cosolvent should be added in turn:

in order to ensure the reliability of the experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be properly preserved according to the storage conditions; The working fluid for in vivo experiment is recommended to be prepared now and used on the same day;

The percentage shown in front of the following solvent refers to the volume ratio of the solvent in the final solution; If precipitation or precipitation occurs in the preparation process, it can be assisted by heating and/or ultrasound.
Protocol 1
Protocol 2

References

 

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