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CAS No. :	1014691-61-2
Formula :	C₁₉H₁₈N₂O₅S₂
M.W :	418.49
SMILES Code :	O=C(C1=C(S(=O)(NC2=CC=C(NC3=CC=CC=C3)C=C2OC)=O)C=CS1)OC
MDL No. :	MFCD12828770
InChI Key :	NDFKBGWLUHKMFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :	46233311

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:	Warning
Hazard Statements:	H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:	P261-P305+P351+P338

BAECs	2 µM	1 hour	GSK0660 blocked the GW501516-mediated restoration of DHFR expression suppressed by PA	Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;176(16):2945-2961.
HUVECs	2 µM	1 hour	GSK0660 significantly attenuated the GW501516-induced increase in DHFR expression	Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;176(16):2945-2961.
Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs)	2 µM	1 hour	GSK0660 blocked the GW501516-mediated alleviation of PA-induced DHFR expression reduction, further confirming the critical role of PPARδ in regulating DHFR expression.	Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;176(16):2945-2961.
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	2 µM	1 hour	GSK0660, as a PPARδ antagonist, blocked the GW501516-induced increase in DHFR expression, demonstrating the regulatory role of PPARδ activation on DHFR expression.	Br J Pharmacol. 2019 Aug;176(16):2945-2961.
Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs)	1 µM	1 hour	GSK0660 blocked the PCB2-induced activation of PPAR δ-driven gene transactivation.	Redox Biol. 2020 Oct;37:101728.
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)	1 µM	1 hour	GSK0660, a selective PPAR δ antagonist, blocked the activation of PPAR δ by PCB2, thereby inhibiting the alleviating effect of PCB2 on high glucose-induced ER stress.	Redox Biol. 2020 Oct;37:101728.
MC3T3-E1 cells	0.5 µM	1 hour	GSK0660 inhibited bezafibrate-induced AMPK and eNOS phosphorylation, reducing them by 34.86% and 48.18% respectively.	Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2011 May;32(5):591-600.
HUVECs	1 µM	1 hour	Inhibited the protective effects of PPAR β agonists (GW0742 or L165041) on high glucose-induced impairment of insulin signaling	Br J Pharmacol. 2014 Jun;171(12):3089-102.
Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs)	0.01, 0.1, 1.0 µM	12 hours	GSK0660 inhibited VEGF-induced tube formation by 50.6% at the 1.0 μM concentration	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun 19;54(6):4197-207.
INS-1E cells	1 µM	24 hours	GSK0660 blocked the amplifying effect of high glucose preexposure on insulin secretion	Diabetes. 2011 Nov;60(11):2830-42.
Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs)	10 µM	24 hours	GSK0660 completely reversed VEGF-induced decreases in TEER of HRMEC monolayers, stabilized tight-junctions, reduced phosphorylation of Erk1/2, and decreased VEGFR1/2 expression.	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Nov 18;55(12):8232-40.
Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs)	0.01, 0.1, 1.0 µM	24 hours	GSK0660 significantly reduced serum-induced HRMEC tube formation in a dose-dependent manner	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun 19;54(6):4197-207.
Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs)	0.01, 0.1, 1.0 µM	24 hours	GSK0660 significantly reduced serum-induced HRMEC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun 19;54(6):4197-207.
Human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs)	10 µM	4 days	To evaluate the effect of GSK0660 on TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast transition in HBFs. Results showed that GSK0660 alone had a slight inhibitory effect on the FMT potential of TGF-β1-stimulated HBFs.	Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 23;24(9):7721.
Human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs)	10 µM	4 days	To evaluate the effect of GSK0660 on the proliferation and viability of HBFs. Results showed that GSK0660 had no significant effect on the proliferation and viability of HBFs at concentrations up to 10 µM.	Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 23;24(9):7721.
Bovine aortic endothelial cells	1 µM	48 hours	GSK0660 effectively prevented high-glucose-induced downregulation of glucose uptake	Diabetes. 2010 Apr;59(4):808-18.
Rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs)	5 µM	48 hours	To evaluate the involvement of PPARδ in the protective effects of cinnamic acid (CA), GSK0660 inhibited the protective effects of CA against high glucose (HG)-induced endothelial dysfunction	Chin Med. 2025 Jan 24;20(1):13.
Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs)	0.01, 0.1, 1.0 µM	6 hours	GSK0660 significantly decreased angptl4 mRNA expression in a dose-responsive fashion	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun 19;54(6):4197-207.

Mice	Spinal cord injury model	Intraperitoneal injection	1 mg/kg	30 minutes before PEA administration	GSK0660, as a PPAR-δ antagonist, reversed the protective effects of PEA on spinal cord injury	J Neuroinflammation. 2013 Feb 1;10:20
Sprague-Dawley rats	Streptozotocin-induced type-1 diabetic rat model	Intravenous injection	1 mg/kg	Once daily for 28 days	GSK0660 was used to block PPARδ, reversing the effects of Rh2 on cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function improvement in diabetic rats.	Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jun 26;18(7):1364
Wistar rats	Chronic central leptin infusion model	Intraperitoneal injection	1 mg/kg/day	Once daily for 7 days	GSK0660 abolished the anorectic effects induced by icv leptin leading to increased visceral fat mass and reduced browning capacity. In addition, the pharmacological inhibition of PPAR β/δ alters the immunomodulatory actions of central leptin on eWAT.	Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 28;22(9):4624
C57BL/6J mice	High glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction model	Ex vivo aortic ring culture	1 μM	Pretreated for 1 hour, then co-incubated with PCB2 and high glucose for 36 hours	GSK0660 abolished the protective effect of PCB2 on high glucose-induced endothelial dysfunction, indicating that the effect of PCB2 depends on PPAR δ activation.	Redox Biol. 2020 Oct;37:101728.
C57BL/6 mice	VEGF-induced retinal vascular permeability model	Intravitreal injection	10 μM	Single injection, assessed after 24 hours	GSK0660 significantly inhibited VEGF-induced retinal vascular permeability and reduced retinal VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 levels.	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2014 Nov 18;55(12):8232-40.
Sprague-Dawley rats	Oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model	Intravitreal injection; intraperitoneal injection	20, 100, 500 nM (intravitreal injection); 0.2, 1.0 mg/kg (intraperitoneal injection)	Intravitreal injection on days 14(0) and 14(3); intraperitoneal injection on days 14(0), 14(2), and 14(4)	GSK0660 significantly reduced retinal NV	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013 Jun 19;54(6):4197-207.
Rat	Diabetic mother offspring model	In vitro culture	500 nM	16 hours	GSK0660, as a PPARδ antagonist, was used to block the effects of the AMPK agonist A769662. The results showed that GSK0660 could inhibit the improvement of ER stress and endothelial dysfunction by A769662.	Cardiovasc Res. 2022 Jul 27;118(10):2304-2316

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CAS No.: 1014691-61-2

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CAS No.: 1014691-61-2

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Precautionary Statements-General
Code	Phrase
P101	If medical advice is needed,have product container or label at hand.
P102	Keep out of reach of children.
P103	Read label before use
Prevention
Code	Phrase
P201	Obtain special instructions before use.
P202	Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood.
P210	Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.
P211	Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source.
P220	Keep/Store away from clothing/combustible materials.
P221	Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles
P222	Do not allow contact with air.
P223	Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire.
P230	Keep wetted
P231	Handle under inert gas.
P232	Protect from moisture.
P233	Keep container tightly closed.
P234	Keep only in original container.
P235	Keep cool
P240	Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241	Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.
P242	Use only non-sparking tools.
P243	Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
P244	Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil.
P250	Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction.
P251	Pressurized container: Do not pierce or burn, even after use.
P260	Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P261	Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
P262	Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P263	Avoid contact during pregnancy/while nursing.
P264	Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
P265	Wash skin thouroughly after handling.
P270	Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P271	Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.
P272	Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace.
P273	Avoid release to the environment.
P280	Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P281	Use personal protective equipment as required.
P282	Wear cold insulating gloves/face shield/eye protection.
P283	Wear fire/flame resistant/retardant clothing.
P284	Wear respiratory protection.
P285	In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection.
P231 + P232	Handle under inert gas. Protect from moisture.
P235 + P410	Keep cool. Protect from sunlight.
Response
Code	Phrase
P301	IF SWALLOWED:
P304	IF INHALED:
P305	IF IN EYES:
P306	IF ON CLOTHING:
P307	IF exposed:
P308	IF exposed or concerned:
P309	IF exposed or if you feel unwell:
P310	Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P311	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P312	Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P313	Get medical advice/attention.
P314	Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P315	Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P320
P302 + P352	IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.
P321
P322
P330	Rinse mouth.
P331	Do NOT induce vomiting.
P332	IF SKIN irritation occurs:
P333	If skin irritation or rash occurs:
P334	Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages.
P335	Brush off loose particles from skin.
P336	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.
P337	If eye irritation persists:
P338	Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340	Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P341	If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342	If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P350	Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P351	Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352	Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P353	Rinse skin with water/shower.
P360	Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P361	Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P362	Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P363	Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P370	In case of fire:
P371	In case of major fire and large quantities:
P372	Explosion risk in case of fire.
P373	DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P374	Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
P376	Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1
P377	Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378
P380	Evacuate area.
P381	Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so.
P390	Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391	Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment
P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301 + P312	IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P302 + P350	IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P304 + P312	IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P304 + P341	IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306 + P360	IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P307 + P311	IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P309 + P311	IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P332 + P313	IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333 + P313	IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P335 + P334	Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P337 + P313	IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P342 + P311	IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P370 + P376	In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so.
P370 + P378	In case of fire:
P370 + P380	In case of fire: Evacuate area.
P370 + P380 + P375	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P371 + P380 + P375	In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
Storage
Code	Phrase
P401
P402	Store in a dry place.
P403	Store in a well-ventilated place.
P404	Store in a closed container.
P405	Store locked up.
P406	Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner.
P407	Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets.
P410	Protect from sunlight.
P411
P412	Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF.
P413
P420	Store away from other materials.
P422
P402 + P404	Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P410 + P403	Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410 + P412	Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF.
P411 + P235	Keep cool.
Disposal
Code	Phrase
P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...
P502	Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling

Physical hazards
Code	Phrase
H200	Unstable explosive
H201	Explosive; mass explosion hazard
H202	Explosive; severe projection hazard
H203	Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard
H204	Fire or projection hazard
H205	May mass explode in fire
H220	Extremely flammable gas
H221	Flammable gas
H222	Extremely flammable aerosol
H223	Flammable aerosol
H224	Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H225	Highly flammable liquid and vapour
H226	Flammable liquid and vapour
H227	Combustible liquid
H228	Flammable solid
H229	Pressurized container: may burst if heated
H230	May react explosively even in the absence of air
H231	May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
H240	Heating may cause an explosion
H241	Heating may cause a fire or explosion
H242	Heating may cause a fire
H250	Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H251	Self-heating; may catch fire
H252	Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
H260	In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously
H261	In contact with water releases flammable gas
H270	May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer
H271	May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer
H272	May intensify fire; oxidizer
H280	Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H281	Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
H290	May be corrosive to metals
Health hazards
Code	Phrase
H300	Fatal if swallowed
H301	Toxic if swallowed
H302	Harmful if swallowed
H303	May be harmful if swallowed