Products Cited in Publications Worldwide Fractionating Chitin-Glucan Complex and Coproducts from Pleurotus Ostreatus Mushrooms

Fractionating Chitin-Glucan Complex and Coproducts from Pleurotus Ostreatus Mushrooms

Muhammad Ayser; Wafa Tonny; Isabella Sanchez Hernandez; Rohana Kuriakose; Justin D. Smith; Samuel J. Wallaert; Alamgir Karim; Megan L. Robertson; Venkatesh Balan

DOI:

Abstract

Purpose: A large amount of wasted mushroom stems are accumulated yearly by the mushroom industry. To reduce this waste, we have proposed a fractionation method to isolate several useful coproducts using reusable solvents. Methods: Coproducts were extracted by sequential solvent extraction before producing chitin-glucan complex from Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster) mushrooms. The extracted β-glucans, polyphenols, and proteins were confirmed by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS), Folin-Ciocalteau, and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) assays respectively. Extracted lipids were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The chitin-glucan complex was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results: The extract yield of chitin-glucan complex was 8.3%. The crystallinity index of the extracted chitin-glucan complex was 71.2% when compared to 85% for crustacean chitin. The reduced crystallinity in mushroom chitin was due to the presence of the residual β-glucans. Conclusion: The reported fractionation method uses less solvent and provides a greener alternative to producing chitin-glucan complex when compared to the conventional methods of using a large volume of harsh chemicals harmful to the environment. Further, fractionating several coproducts while producing the chitin-glucan complex will reduce the total processing cost.

Keywords

Chitin ; Chitosan ; Mushrooms ; Vitamins ; Proteins ; β-Glucans

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