Asif, Nehal

Abstract

This study investigates the development and application of organocatalysts for the reduction of CO2 under mild and sustainable conditions. A key focus is the synthesis of an organo-boronic acid–amine catalyst system (derived from thianthren-1-ylboronic acid and diethanolamine) and its subsequent evaluation in reactions with labeled CO2. Through NMR analyses, including time-resolved monitoring of isotopically labeled substrates, the formation of formyl intermediates and downstream products such as formate and methoxy species was confirmed, demonstrating active CO2 transformation. Multiple catalyst variants (NA1 series) were screened to assess activity and selectivity, with experimental conditions optimized in terms of temperature, solvent selection, and the use of boron-based reductants (HBpin). Complementary electrochemical approaches using amine co-substrates (isopropylamine, diisopropylamine, and methylpiperazine) were also explored, broadening the scope of potential pathways for carbon capture and conversion. Together, these results highlight the versatility, cost-effectiveness, and reduced environmental impact of organocatalyst-mediated processes compared to conventional metal-based routes. The research thus provides a foundational framework for further optimizing organocatalytic CO2 reduction and underscores the promise of these catalysts for sustainable chemical transformations.

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