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[00259] A round bottom flask was charged with 2-bromo-5-methyl-3- nitropyridine (60.53 g, 278.9 mmol) and CuCN (27.52 g, 307.3 mmol) The flask was evacuated, and back-filled with nitrogen. DMF (150 mL) was added via cannula. The solution was heated to 70 0C for 1.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured into EtOAc (500 mL) and water (250 mL). Both phases were filtered through a 1 cm bed of celite. The layers were separated, and the organic phase washed with water (2 * 100 mL) then with a solution of 1 :1 sat. aq. NH4CI / NH4OH (2 x 100 mL). The combined aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc (2 * 200 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound (36.1Og, 79percent yield).
[00259] A round bottom flask was charged with 2-bromo-5-methyl-3- nitropyridine (60.53 g, 278.9 mmol) and CuCN (27.52 g, 307.3 mmol) The flask was evacuated, and back-filled with nitrogen. DMF (150 mL) was added via cannula. The solution was heated to 70 0C for 1.5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured into EtOAc (500 mL) and water (250 mL). Both phases were filtered through a 1 cm bed of celite. The layers were separated, and the organic phase washed with water (2 * 100 mL) then with a solution of 1 :1 sat. aq. NH4CI / NH4OH (2 x 100 mL). The combined aqueous layers were extracted with EtOAc (2 * 200 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4 and concentrated in vacuo to afford the title compound (36.1Og, 79% yield).
[00261] To acetic acid (300 ml_) in a 3-neck 2 liter round bottom flask equipped with mechanical stirrer and a thermometer was added Fe powder (99.6 g, 1.78 mol) with stirring at 60 0C. 2-Cyano-5-methyl-3- nitropyridine (97 g, 0.59 mol) was dissolved in acetic acid (400 ml_) with gentle warming and added to the above reaction mixture drop wise with efficient stirring so that the reaction temperature kept below 80 "C over 3.5 hours. The reaction mixture was further stirred for an addition 30 min, cooled, diluted with EtOAc (750 ml_), filtered through celite and washed with EtOAc (1 x 500 ml_, 3 x 250 ml_). Combined EtOAc layers were evaporated to dryness to obtain dark brown solid which was neutralized with saturated NaHCO3 solution (850 ml_), after addition of water (250 ml_) to obtain homogeneous, this aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc (1 x 750 mL, 2 x 500 mL). Combined EtOAc layers were filtered through small pad of silica gel (sand-SiO2-sand in sintered funnel), dried (Na2SO4) and evaporated to obtain 3-amino-2-cyano-5-methylpyridine (60 g) as yellow solid in 76% yield including -10% corresponding amide.[00262] To the crude 3-amino-2-cyano-5-methylpyridine (containing~10% carboxamide) (49 g) was added EtOAc (441 mL, 9: 1 volume ratio to aniline), the resulting suspension was heated to reflux to form a clean solution. After cooling to room temperature, the resulting crystal was collected by filtration, washed with small amount of cold EtOAc (44 mL (1/10 the initial volume) X 2), and dried in vacuo to afford the pure 3-amino-2-cyano-5- methylpyridine (35 g) as pale yellow needles. The mother liquor was concentrated under reduced pressure, the resulting yellow solid was added EtOAc (136 mL) and repeated the above process to afford another 4 g of pure 3-amino-2-cyano-5-methylpyridine; total recovery yield 79.5%. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3) delta 7.89 (1 H, s), 6.90 (1 H, s), 4.39 (2H, br), 2.30 (3H, s). MS (ES) M+H expect 134.0, found 134.0.
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