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CAS No. : | 23746-76-1 | MDL No. : | MFCD00034706 |
Formula : | C14H10ClN | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | GQGZSWYJDNGSBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 227.69 | Pubchem ID : | 1481465 |
Synonyms : |
|
Num. heavy atoms : | 16 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms : | 15 |
Fraction Csp3 : | 0.0 |
Num. rotatable bonds : | 1 |
Num. H-bond acceptors : | 0.0 |
Num. H-bond donors : | 1.0 |
Molar Refractivity : | 68.74 |
TPSA : | 15.79 Ų |
GI absorption : | High |
BBB permeant : | Yes |
P-gp substrate : | Yes |
CYP1A2 inhibitor : | Yes |
CYP2C19 inhibitor : | Yes |
CYP2C9 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor : | No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor : | Yes |
Log Kp (skin permeation) : | -4.61 cm/s |
Log Po/w (iLOGP) : | 2.46 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) : | 4.34 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP) : | 4.49 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP) : | 3.58 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) : | 4.75 |
Consensus Log Po/w : | 3.92 |
Lipinski : | 0.0 |
Ghose : | None |
Veber : | 0.0 |
Egan : | 0.0 |
Muegge : | 1.0 |
Bioavailability Score : | 0.55 |
Log S (ESOL) : | -4.61 |
Solubility : | 0.00554 mg/ml ; 0.0000243 mol/l |
Class : | Moderately soluble |
Log S (Ali) : | -4.39 |
Solubility : | 0.00935 mg/ml ; 0.0000411 mol/l |
Class : | Moderately soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT) : | -6.42 |
Solubility : | 0.000086 mg/ml ; 0.000000378 mol/l |
Class : | Poorly soluble |
PAINS : | 0.0 alert |
Brenk : | 0.0 alert |
Leadlikeness : | 2.0 |
Synthetic accessibility : | 1.86 |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P280-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H332-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
59% | With oxygen; caesium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 140℃; for 8 h; | General procedure: A solution of 2-phenylindole (1a, 97 mg, 0.5 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (326 mg, 1.0 mmol) in DMSO (1.5 mL) was heated to 140 °C for 8 h under O2 balloon atmosphere. After the usual aqueous extractive workup and column chromatographic purification process (hexanes/Et2O, 10:1), 2-aminobenzophenone (2a) was obtained as a yellow solid, 59 mg (60 percent). Other compounds were prepared similarly, and the spectroscopic data of compounds 2a-l, 4 and 5 are as follows. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With sodium hydroxide; 4-toluenesulfonyl azide In benzene for 18h; Ambient temperature; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
63% | With benzoyl chloride; silver nitrate In acetonitrile at 0℃; for 0.75h; | |
With potassium hydroxide; acetone cyanohydrin nitrate 1.) CH3CN, 30 min; 2.) 17-20 deg C, 24 h; Yield given. Multistep reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
38% | With triethylamine In acetonitrile at 100℃; for 20h; sealed tube; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
65% | at 200 - 280℃; | |
37% | With phosphoric acid at 110℃; for 1h; | |
With PPA at 160℃; for 0.25h; |
With zinc(II) chloride at 140℃; | ||
With 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide In toluene at 120℃; | ||
1.86 g | With polyphosphoric acid at 120℃; | |
With polyphosphoric acid at 120℃; Inert atmosphere; | ||
772.0 mg | With polyphosphoric acid at 120℃; | |
With polyphosphoric acid at 120℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | In diethyl ether for 5h; | |
67% | In diethyl ether at 20℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
1: 75% 2: 5.7% | With 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
40% | With copper(l) iodide; ethanolamine; triphenylphosphine In water at 80℃; for 4h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With sodium t-butanolate In toluene at 215℃; microwave irradiation; | |
55% | With sodium t-butanolate; DavePhos In toluene at 100℃; for 20h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
96% | With 1,10-Phenanthroline; carbon monoxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 80℃; for 16h; | |
71% | With 1,2,2,3,4,4-hexamethylphosphetane 1-oxide; phenylsilane In acetic acid butyl ester at 120℃; for 4h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; | |
57% | With tetramethylammonium tetrafluoroborate; phenol In N,N-dimethyl-formamide Electrolysis; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: aq. NaHCO3 / CH2Cl2 / 3 h / 20 °C 2: ZnCl2 / 140 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C 2: 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide / toluene / 120 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: sodium acetate / ethanol / 0.08 h / 25 - 80 °C / Sealed tube; Microwave irradiation 2: phosphoric acid / 1 h / 110 °C |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C / Sealed tube 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
61% | With oxygen; acetic acid at 20℃; for 20h; | |
With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid at 20℃; for 8h; Schlenk technique; | ||
With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid at 20℃; Schlenk technique; |
With oxygen; palladium diacetate; acetic acid at 20℃; for 8h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
> 99% | With zinc dibromide; In toluene; at 130℃; for 24h; | General procedure: To a stirred solution of the corresponding 2-iodoaniline (6, 1 mmol) in toluene (3 mL) under argon atmosphere were added Pd/CuO-Fe3O4 (50 mg), NaOH (400 mg, 10 mmol), and the corresponding alkyne (2, 1.5 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 130 C until the end of reaction (see Table 6). The catalyst was removed by a magnet and the resulting mixture was quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phases were dried over MgSO4, followed by evaporation under reduced pressure to remove the solvent. The product was purified by chromatography on silica gel (hexane/ethyl acetate) to give the corresponding compounds 7. Yields are included in Table 6. Then, to a stirred solution of 7 (1 mmol) in toluene (4 mL) was added ZnBr2 (225 mg, 1 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 130 C during 24 h. The mixture was quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phases were dried over MgSO4, followed by evaporation under reduced pressure to give the pure products 8 in quantitative yields. Physical and spectroscopic data for compounds 7 and 8, as well as literature for known compounds, follow. |
91% | With sodium tetrafluoroborate; bis[dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium(III)]; In acetonitrile; at 40℃; for 8h;Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; | General procedure: In a typical reaction [Cp*IrCl2]2 (8 mg, 0.01 mmol), NaBF4 (2 mg, 0.02 mol) and 2-(phenylethynyl)aniline (97 mg, 0.5 mmol) were dissolved in dry acetonitrile (3 mL) in a Carius tube. The mixture was subjected to three cycles of freeze-pump-thaw and was then stirred at 40oC for 8 h, after which the reaction solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to give the crude product. Purification of the crude product by silica gel (60-120 mesh) column chromatography using ethylacetate/hexane (1:9, v/v) as eluent gave pure 2-phenylindole, 3a. Similar procedures were used with the other alkynylanilines to obtain 3b-s. The amount of reagents used, product formed (with yield) and HRMS for the products, are given in the Table 2. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
67% | With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In acetonitrile at 20℃; regioselective reaction; | |
67% | With toluene-4-sulfonic acid In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 1h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; copper(II) acetate monohydrate; sodium carbonate In o-xylene at 100℃; for 6h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
76% | With phosphomolybdic acid In chloroform at 20 - 60℃; | |
With polyphosphoric acid at 110℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
64% | Stage #1: p-chloro-o-iodoaniline; phenylacetylene With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; copper(l) iodide; diethylamine In N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 20℃; for 1h; Stage #2: With sodium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 140℃; | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: sodium hydroxide / toluene / 72 h / 130 °C 2: zinc dibromide / toluene / 24 h / 130 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; copper(l) iodide; triethylamine / 10 h / 20 - 40 °C / Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique 2: Au/Carbon G-60 catalyst / toluene / 24 h / 90 °C / Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; copper(l) iodide; triethylamine / tetrahydrofuran / 20 °C / Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique 2: bis[dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium(III)]; sodium tetrafluoroborate / acetonitrile / 8 h / 40 °C / Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique | ||
Stage #1: p-chloro-o-iodoaniline; phenylacetylene With bis-triphenylphosphine-palladium(II) chloride; copper(l) iodide; diethylamine In N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 20℃; Stage #2: With sodium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl acetamide at 140℃; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenylindole With sodium hydride In parraffin oil (nujol); N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 0.25h; Stage #2: methyl 6-(chloromethyl)pyridine-2-carboxylate In paraffin oil (nujol); N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 50 - 60℃; for 18h; | 1-1 Methyl 6-(5-chloro-2-phenylindol-1-ylmethyl)pyridine-2-carboxylate To a solution of 5-chloro-2-phenylindole (154 mg) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1.5 mL) was added sodium hydride (dispersed in liquid paraffin, minimum 55%, 31 mg) at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. Methyl 6-(chloromethyl)pyridine-2-carboxylate (126 mg) was added and this resulting mixture was stirred at 50 to 60° C. for additional 18 hours. Water, ethyl acetate and a saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution were added to the reaction mixture. The organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layers were washed successively with water and saturated saline, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by aminopropylated silica gel column chromatography (eluting solvent: ethyl acetate-hexane) to obtain the title compound (112 mg). In addition, structural formula and spectrum data of the title compound are shown in Table 5. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
66% | With copper carbonate hydroxide; oxygen In dimethyl sulfoxide at 130℃; for 48h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
72% | With palladium diacetate; potassium carbonate In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 140℃; for 8h; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | With Oxone In nitromethane at 100℃; | |
66% | Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenylindole With oxygen; sodium carbonate; copper(l) chloride In dimethyl sulfoxide at 80℃; for 12h; Stage #2: With acetic anhydride In dimethyl sulfoxide for 0.5h; | General Procedure for the Synthesis ofbenzoxazinones 2 General procedure: A mixture of compound 1 (0.20 mmol), CuCl (4.0 mg, 0.04 mmol) and Na2CO3(42 mg, 0.40 mmol) in DMSO (1.0 mL) was stirred at 80 °C under an oxygen atmosphere (1 atm). After 12 h, Ac2O (1.0 mmol) was added,and the mixture wasstirred for an additional 0.5 h. Then, the mixture wasquenched with 10% HCl at 0 °C and extracted with EtOAc. The organic extracts were washed with H2O and brine, dried over Na2SO4, andthen concentrated. The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel. |
59% | With [bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene; water In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 60℃; for 24h; | 4H-Benzo[d][1,3]oxazin-4-ones 2; General Procedure General procedure: A mixture of 1 (1.0 mmol), PhI(OAc)2 (1.288 g, 4.0 mmol), and H2O (180 μL, 10 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was stirred at 60 °C under air for 24 h, and then the mixture was cooled to r.t. The mixture was quenched with H2O (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc. The organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, PE-EtOAc) to give the corresponding product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C 2: 2,4,6-tripropyl-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriphosphinane-2,4,6-trioxide / toluene / 120 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C / Inert atmosphere |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C / Sealed tube 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: acetic acid / ethanol / 100 °C 2: polyphosphoric acid / 120 °C |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
94% | With C38H41O4P; water; benzo[1,3,2]dioxaborole In toluene at -50 - -20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; enantioselective reaction; | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: tin; hydrogenchloride / ethanol; water / 4 h / 20 - 90 °C / Inert atmosphere 2: N-(1-phenyl-ethylidene)-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-amine; (R)-3,3'-bis(2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl)binol phosphoric acid / benzene / 20 h / 20 - 50 °C / Molecular sieve; Inert atmosphere |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74% | With hydrogenchloride; tin In ethanol; water at 20 - 90℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere; | |
With hydrogenchloride; tin In ethanol; water at 90℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere; | ||
With hydrogenchloride; tin In ethanol; water at 90℃; for 4h; Inert atmosphere; | A typical procedure for the preparation of rac-1 is described. General procedure: A magnetic stirrer bar, lindole 7 (5 mmol), and tin powder (2.97 g, 25 mmol) were placed in a roundbottom flask under nitrogen atmosphere. EtOH (15 mL) and conc. HCl (5 mL) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 4 h at 90° . After being cooled to room temperature,the mixture was poured into 20 wt% KOHaq (20 mL). The resulting suspension was extracted with Et2O (25 mL X 3), and the organic layer was filtered through Celite. The clear filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by flash silica gel column chromatography (AcOEt / Petroleum ether = 1 / 30) to give rac-1. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
51% | Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole With glacial acetic acid; NaNO2 for 0.5h; Stage #2: With sodium dihydrosulfite; sodium hydroxide In ethanol for 2h; Reflux; Further stages; | |
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: oxygen; [7-(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-3-ylidene]dimethylazanium chloride / Irradiation 2: Heating | ||
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: oxygen; pyridine / 20 °C / 760.05 Torr / Irradiation 2: 100 °C |
Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole With iodine; potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 2h; Stage #2: With mesoporous silica In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 120℃; for 4h; | ||
Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole With iodine; potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With mesoporous silica In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 120℃; for 4h; | ||
With N-iodo-succinimide; dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 2h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
71% | With sulfuric acid; silver(I) acetate; palladium dichloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; acetonitrile at 100℃; for 0.666667h; Sealed tube; Microwave irradiation; regioselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | With zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate In acetonitrile at 20℃; for 0.0833333h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
Stage #1: 4-chloro-aniline; α-bromoacetophenone In neat (no solvent) at 20℃; for 3h; Green chemistry; Stage #2: With N,N-dimethyl-formamide In neat (no solvent) for 0.0166667h; Microwave irradiation; Green chemistry; | 4.1.1. General procedure for the preparation of compound (1a-f) General procedure: Phenacyl bromide (1 mmol) was stirred with para-substituted aniline (2 mmol) at room temperature without any base to neutralize the liberated hydrogen bromide. The mixture was kept at room temperature with occasional stirring for 3 h. To the solid mixture, containing N-phenacyl aniline and anilinium hydrobromide, was added 3-4 drops of dimethylformamide and the mixture was irradiated in a microwave oven at 600 W for 1 min for the cyclization. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was treated as below to give the pure 2-arylindoles. After completion of the reaction the mixture was loaded onto a silica gel column and pure 2-arylindoles were obtained by chromatography, eluting with a gradient starting from 9:1 petroleum ether-ethyl acetate. Alternatively, the mixture could also be extracted with ethyl acetate, washed with water, dried and evaporated before chromatography. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With potassium carbonate In toluene Reflux; | 4.1.2. General procedure for the preparation of compound (2a-f) General procedure: The indole derivatives 1a-f (0.05 mol) and anhydrous potassium carbonate (0.05 mol) were dissolved in 100 mL absolute toluene. To this refluxing solution, there was slowly added dropwise chloroacetylchloride (6.4 mL, 0.08 mol) dissolved in toluene (20 mL), after which the reaction mixture was refluxed for another hour. The residue was re-crystallized from ethanol after distillation of the solvent and the excess of chloroacetylchloride. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenylindole With sodium hydride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 0℃; for 1h; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: 2-chloro-ethanol In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 45℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | With tetrabutylammomium bromide; oxygen; palladium diacetate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 60℃; for 24h; | Preparative Scale Indole Synthesis (5 mmol Scale); GeneralProcedure General procedure: A 100 mL 2-necked round-bottomed flask equipped with a stirrer bar was charged with the appropriate N-arylimine (5 mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (112 mg, 0.50 mmol, 10 mol %), and Bu4NBr (3.2 g, 10 mmol, 2 equiv), followed by the addition of DMSO (25 mL). The flask was quickly evacuated and then refilled three times with O2 using an O2 balloon (3 L). The resulting mixture was stirred at a stirring rate of 600 rpm at 60 °C for 24 h. Upon cooling to r.t., the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (30 mL), followed by filtration through a pad of silica gel using EtOAc (150 mL) as an eluent. The filtrate was washed with H2O (3 × 30 mL), dried (Na2SO4), and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Purification of the residue by flash chromatography on silica gel afforded the indole product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
83% | With copper(l) iodide; palladium diacetate; triethylamine; tricyclohexylphosphine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 110℃; for 2.5h; Inert atmosphere; | General Procedure for the Synthesis of Indoles 5 General procedure: To a DMF (5 mL) solution of a mixture of 4 (1 mmol),phenylacetylene (2, 1.010 mmol), and PCy3 (0.25 mmol) ina two-necked round-bottomed flask fitted with condenser,Et3N (7 equiv), Pd(OAc)2 (5 mol%), and CuI (10 mol%)were added, and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at110 °C under argon atmosphere. The progress of the reactionwas monitored by TLC. Upon completion of the reaction, themixture was allowed to cool to r.t, diluted with H2O andextracted with EtOAc (3 × 20 mL). The combined organiclayers we dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated invacuum to furnish the crude product which was then purifiedby column chromatography using silica gel (60-120 mesh)and PE-EtOAc (10:1) as eluent. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With oxygen; copper(I) bromide In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 80℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
73% | With oxygen; caesium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 90℃; for 2h; | Typical Procedure for the Synthesis of 3a General procedure: A solution of 2-phenylindole (1a, 97 mg, 0.5 mmol), 1,3-dinitrobenzene (2a, 168 mg, 1.0 mmol), Cs2CO3 (326 mg, 1.0 mmol) in DMSO (1.5 mL) was heated to 90 C for 2 h unde rO2 balloon atmosphere. After the usual aqueous extractive workup and column chromatographic purification process (hexanes/CH2Cl2, 3:1) compound 3a was obtained as a red solid, 180 mg (78%). Other compounds were synthesized similarly, and the selected spectroscopic data of 3a, 3f, 3h, 3j, and 3k areas follows. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
94% | With tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dichloride hexahydrate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique; Irradiation; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | With oxygen; copper dichloride In 1,4-dioxane at 80℃; for 4h; Sealed tube; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
70% | With trifluorormethanesulfonic acid; oxygen; palladium diacetate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 70℃; for 20h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | With 1,3-bis(4-sulfobutyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium hydrogen sulfate In ethanol at 25℃; for 1.5h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
59% | With oxygen; caesium carbonate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 140℃; for 8h; | 2. Typical procedure for the synthesis of 2a General procedure: A solution of 2-phenylindole (1a, 97 mg, 0.5 mmol) and Cs2CO3 (326 mg, 1.0 mmol) in DMSO (1.5 mL) was heated to 140 °C for 8 h under O2 balloon atmosphere. After the usual aqueous extractive workup and column chromatographic purification process (hexanes/Et2O, 10:1), 2-aminobenzophenone (2a) was obtained as a yellow solid, 59 mg (60 %). Other compounds were prepared similarly, and the spectroscopic data of compounds 2a-l, 4 and 5 are as follows. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
79% | With oxygen; potassium hydroxide In dimethyl sulfoxide at 65℃; for 20h; | 1. Typical procedure for the synthesis of 2a General procedure: 1. Typical procedure for the synthesis of 2a 2-Substituted indoles 1a-1c and 1e-1m were prepared according to the reported Fischer indole synthesis.1a,b 5-Nitro-2-phenylindole (1d) was prepared from 2-phenylindole (1a).1c 2-Benzylindole (1n) was prepared from indole according to the reported method.1d,e A stirred solution of 1a (97 mg, 0.5 mmol) and KOH (85%, 50 mg, 0.75 mmol) in DMSO (1.0 mL) was heated to 65 oC for 20 h under O2 balloon atmosphere. After the usual aqueous extractive workup and column chromatographic purification process (CH2Cl2/EtOAc, 3:1), |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
54% | With potassium dihydrogenphosphate; palladium diacetate; silver(l) oxide In dimethyl sulfoxide at 90℃; for 8h; | General procedure for the synthesis of compounds 3 General procedure: A mixture of 1 (0.2 mmol), 2 (1.0 mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (20 mol%) Ag2O (0.4 mmol), KH2PO4 (0.3 mmol) and DMSO (1.5 mL) in a 5 mL open flask was heated at 90 °C for 8 h. After quenched by water, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL×3). The organic layer was washed with brine and dried over MgSO4. Purification by column chromatography on silica gel using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (4:1 to 2:1) as the eluent delivered the desired products 3. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
82% | With bis[dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium(III)]; silver(I) acetate; acetic acid In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 100℃; for 8h; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; silver(I) acetate; potassium carbonate In 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene at 110℃; for 24h; Schlenk technique; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
56% | With copper(l) iodide; oxygen; toluene-4-sulfonic acid; palladium dichloride In nitromethane; dimethyl sulfoxide at 100℃; for 10h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
58% | With Triethoxysilane; C25H22FeNPS In tetrahydrofuran at 60℃; for 6h; | |
45% | With 1,10-Phenanthroline; tributyl-amine; carbon monoxide; palladium diacetate In acetonitrile at 140℃; Flow reactor; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; copper diacetate In acetonitrile at 120℃; for 18h; Sealed tube; regioselective reaction; | |
69% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; copper diacetate In acetonitrile at 120℃; for 18h; Sealed tube; | 29 Was added to a 15 mL reaction tube compound 1n (0.55 mmol, 113.6 mg),Compound 2a (0.75 mmo 1,163.7 mg),bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)dirhodium chloride (0.025 mmol, 15.5 mg)Copper acetate (0.05 mmol, 9 lmg) and acetonitrile (3 mL)The reaction tube is sealed in the presence of air,And then placed in a 120 ° C oil bath for 18 h. The reaction was quenched by addition of lOmL water and extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL X). The organic phase was washed successively with water and saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. (Petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 10/1) to give the product as a white solid 5-ethoxycarbonyl-6-phenyl-8-chloro-11H-benzo [a] carbazole 3n (138.5 mg, 69%). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
40% | With [ruthenium(II)(η6-1-methyl-4-isopropyl-benzene)(chloride)(μ-chloride)]2; copper diacetate; acetic acid In chlorobenzene at 100℃; for 48h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
37% | With (4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-dipyridyl)-bis-(2-phenylpyridine(-1H))-iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate; 4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic anhydride; tetrabutyl-ammonium chloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In dimethyl sulfoxide at 20℃; for 16h; Irradiation; Overall yield = 59 %; regioselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; sodium acetate; sodium carbonate; copper(l) chloride In acetonitrile at 80℃; for 8h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; chemoselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
97% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; silver(I) acetate In ethyl acetate at 60℃; regioselective reaction; | (2) General Procedure for the ortho C-H functionalization General procedure: Under air atmosphere, 2-arylindole 1 (0.2 mmol), diazo compound 2 (0.42 mmol), [Cp*RhCl2]2 (3.1 mg, 0.005 mmol, 2.5 mol%), AgOAc (5 mg, 0.03 mmol, 15 mol%), and EtOAc (2 mL) were placed in a 25 mL round-bottom flask. The mixture was heated in oil bath at 60 °C for 4-24h and then cooled to room temperature. The crude reaction mixture was diluted with CH2Cl2 to 5 mL and CH2Br2 (0.05 mmol) was added as an internal standard for 1H NMR analysis. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was subjected to silica gel column chromatography [eluting with petroleum ether/ethyl acetate] to afford the corresponding product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
67% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; silver(I) acetate; sodium acetate; silver carbonate In cyclohexane at 80℃; for 15h; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; cesium acetate at 100℃; | |
74% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; cesium acetate In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; for 12h; Sealed tube; | 25 Example 25 1c (0.5 mmol, 113.8 mg) was sequentially added to a 15 mL reaction tube.2a (0.75 mmol, 147.2 mg), tetrahydrofuran (3 mL),[RhCp*Cl2] 2 (0.025 mmol, 15.4 mg) and cesium acetate (0.25 mmol, 48.0 mg),The reaction tube was sealed under air, and then stirred in an oil bath at 100 ° C for 12 h.After the reaction was completed, the reaction tube was cooled to room temperature, and 10 mL of water was added.Then, it was extracted with ethyl acetate (10 mL × 3), and the organic phase was washed successively with water and brine, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.Filter, spin dry, and separated on silica gel column (petroleum ether / ethyl acetate = 20/1)Yellow solid product 3c (120.9 mg, 74%). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
75% | With [ruthenium(II)(η6-1-methyl-4-isopropyl-benzene)(chloride)(μ-chloride)]2 In 1,2-dichloro-benzene at 120℃; for 5h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | With potassium tert-butylate; copper(II) sulfate; In octane; tert-butyl alcohol; at 90℃; for 12h;Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; | Adding 0.02 equivalents of anhydrous copper sulfate and 4.0 equivalents of potassium t-butoxide to a 25 mL Schlenk reaction tube, drying in vacuum for 15 minutes, and adding 1.5 mL of n-octane and 1 mL of t-butanol, 5.0 equivalents of benzonitrile in an argon atmosphere.2 mmol of 2-iodo-5-chloro-toluene, in the reaction tube after adding polytetrafluoroethylene stopper was placed into an oil bath of the reaction 90 C at 12h. After the reaction is completed, the solvent is removed by filtration and the residue is purified by column chromatography eluting with petroleum ether / methylene chloride / ethyl acetate (v: v: v = 20:10:1). 5-chloro-2-phenylindole was obtained as a white solid; yield: 84% |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
96% | With palladium diacetate; cesium fluoride; Tri(p-tolyl)phosphine In tetrahydrofuran at 65℃; for 22h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
76% | With cesium fluoride; lithium hexamethyldisilazane; In Dimethyl ether; at 110℃; for 12h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (66.8 mg, 0.4 mmol) and cesium fluoride (30.4 mg, 0.2 mmol) were placed in a microwave tube in a glove box. Add 0.4 mL of cyclopentyl methyl ether, Then 2-fluorotoluene (66 muL, 0.60 mmol) and benzonitrile (20 muL, 0.20 mmol) were added separately using a micro syringe. which was taken out from the glove box and refluxed at 110 C for 12 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction was capped and three drops of water were added to quench the reaction. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified by column chromatography ( petroleum ether: ethyl acetate = 20:1) to give 2-phenylindole (34.7 mg) , 90% yield). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | With 4-acetylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxoam-monium perchlorate In ethyl acetate at 20℃; for 6h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With 4-acetylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidine-1-oxoam-monium perchlorate In ethyl acetate at 20℃; for 6h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | Stage #1: 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]-1-phenylethanone; 4-chloro-aniline With triphenylphosphine; palladium(II) bromide In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; toluene for 0.25h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With hydrogen; sodium sulfate In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; toluene at 150℃; for 24h; Autoclave; Schlenk technique; regioselective reaction; | |
With trifluorormethanesulfonic acid In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 120℃; for 24h; Green chemistry; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | Stage #1: phenylglyoxal hydrate; 4-chloro-aniline With [PdBr2(BINAP)] In methanol for 0.25h; Schlenk technique; Inert atmosphere; Stage #2: With hydrogen; sodium sulfate In methanol at 120℃; for 48h; Autoclave; Schlenk technique; regioselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74% | With tert.-butylhydroperoxide In water; chlorobenzene at 125℃; for 16h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | Stage #1: 5-chloro-2-phenylindole With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxoammonium trifluoromethanesulfonate In water; ethyl acetate at 20℃; for 12h; Stage #2: propionaldehyde With <i>L</i>-proline In water; ethyl acetate at 20℃; stereoselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
84% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; cesium acetate; triethylamine In chlorobenzene at 140℃; for 10h; Sealed tube; | |
60% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; sodium acetate; copper(II) acetate monohydrate In 1,2-dichloro-ethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 100℃; Inert atmosphere; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
83% | With silver hexafluoroantimonate; dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; lithium acetate In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 140℃; for 24h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
83% | With copper(I) sulfide; di-tert-butyl peroxide; potassium tert-butylate; magnesium triflate; In 1,2-dichloro-ethane; at 120℃; for 12h;Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube; | In a nitrogen-protected atmosphere, add 0.2 mmol of 2-phenyl-5-chloro-indole to a 25 mL reaction tube with a polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stirrer.0.24 mmol of trifluoroacetylhydrazine, 0.7 mmol of potassium tert-butoxide, 0.3 mmol of di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP), 0.05 mmol Cu2S,0.2mmol of magnesium trifluoromethanesulfonate was finally added with 1-2mL of solvent 1,2-dichloroethane, and the reaction was stirred in a closed system at 120 C for 12 hours and then cooled to room temperature.The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated NaHCO3 solution and saturated brine, and the organic phase was dried over anhydrous MgSO4, filtered and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, using n-pentane and ethyl acetate as eluents.3,3 '-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) bis (5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole) was isolated by silica gel column chromatography (isolated yield 83%) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
92% | With 2,6-dimethylpyridine; tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) dichloride hexahydrate; oxygen; D-Prolin In ethanol at 20℃; for 24h; Irradiation; enantioselective reaction; | |
45% | With 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical; tetrabutylammonium perchlorate; benzoic acid; D-Prolin In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 30h; Electrochemical reaction; stereoselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
46% | With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | General procedure for the synthesis of compounds19a-19z General procedure: The starting materials of A-series for the synthesis of 19t-19z were prepared as reported in the literature [17, 18],and others and all of B-series are commercially available.To a solution of A (0.1 mmol) and B (0.15 mmol) in THF was added TEMPO+BF4- (TEMPO oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate,0.1 mmol) at 0 °C. After 6 h, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography using acetone-petroleum ether as eluent to afford the desired product (Scheme 1). |
46.2% | With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | 1 Preparation of 2-(4-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-phenylindol-3-one The reaction equation is as follows:The preparation method is as follows:At 0°C,Dissolve 2.277g of 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole and 2.926g of 4-bromo-1H-indole in 30ml of tetrahydrofuran, reduce the temperature to 0, add TEMPO+BF4-2.440g; after incubation and reaction for 6h The reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain 2.022 g of compound I. Yield: 46.2%. The test results of the product of Example 1 are as follows: |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
57% | With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | General procedure for the synthesis of compounds19a-19z General procedure: The starting materials of A-series for the synthesis of 19t-19z were prepared as reported in the literature [17, 18],and others and all of B-series are commercially available.To a solution of A (0.1 mmol) and B (0.15 mmol) in THF was added TEMPO+BF4- (TEMPO oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate,0.1 mmol) at 0 °C. After 6 h, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography using acetone-petroleum ether as eluent to afford the desired product (Scheme 1). |
57.4% | With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | 2 Preparation of 2-(6-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-phenylindol-3-one The reaction equation is as follows:The preparation method is as follows:At 0, dissolve 2.277g of 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole and 2.926g of 6-bromo-1H-indole in 30ml of tetrahydrofuran, reduce the temperature to 0, and add TEMPO+BF4-2.440g After the reaction was incubated for 6 hours, the reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain compound I 2.512g, yield: 57.4%. The test results of the product of Example 2 are as follows: |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
46% | With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | General procedure for the synthesis of compounds19a-19z General procedure: The starting materials of A-series for the synthesis of 19t-19z were prepared as reported in the literature [17, 18],and others and all of B-series are commercially available.To a solution of A (0.1 mmol) and B (0.15 mmol) in THF was added TEMPO+BF4- (TEMPO oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate,0.1 mmol) at 0 °C. After 6 h, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by flash chromatography using acetone-petroleum ether as eluent to afford the desired product (Scheme 1). |
46.5% | With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | 3 Preparation of 2-(7-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-phenylindol-3-one The reaction equation is as follows:The preparation method is as follows:At 0, dissolve 2.277g of 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole and 2.926g of 7-bromo-1H-indole in 30ml of tetrahydrofuran, reduce the temperature to 0, and add TEMPO+BF4-2.440g After the reaction was incubated for 6 hours, the reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain 2.035 g of compound I, yield: 46.5%. The test results of the product of Example 3 are as follows: |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | 5 Preparation of 2-(4-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-phenylindol-3-one The reaction equation is as follows:The preparation method is as follows:At 0°C,Dissolve 2.277g of 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole and 2.926g of 4-bromo-1H-indole in 30ml of tetrahydrofuran, reduce the temperature to 0, add TEMPO+BF4-2.440g; after incubation and reaction for 6h The reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain 2.022 g of compound I. Yield: 46.2%. The test results of the product of Example 1 are as follows: |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | 5 Preparation of 2-(6-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-phenylindol-3-one The reaction equation is as follows:The preparation method is as follows:At 0, dissolve 2.277g of 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole and 2.926g of 6-bromo-1H-indole in 30ml of tetrahydrofuran, reduce the temperature to 0, and add TEMPO+BF4-2.440g After the reaction was incubated for 6 hours, the reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain compound I 2.512g, yield: 57.4%. The test results of the product of Example 2 are as follows: |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxoammonium tetrafluoroborate In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; for 6h; | 5 Preparation of 2-(7-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-phenylindol-3-one The reaction equation is as follows:The preparation method is as follows:At 0, dissolve 2.277g of 5-chloro-2-phenyl-1H-indole and 2.926g of 7-bromo-1H-indole in 30ml of tetrahydrofuran, reduce the temperature to 0, and add TEMPO+BF4-2.440g After the reaction was incubated for 6 hours, the reaction solution was concentrated, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain 2.035 g of compound I, yield: 46.5%. The test results of the product of Example 3 are as follows: |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
46% | With 2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical; tetrabutylammonium perchlorate; benzoic acid; <i>L</i>-proline In 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol; N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 25h; Electrochemical reaction; stereoselective reaction; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
91% | With C9H18NO(1+)*BH4(1-) In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; for 6h; | General procedure D: General procedure: To a solution of C2-substituted indole (0.2 mmol) or indole (0.3 mmol) inTHF (1.0 mL) was added TEMPO+BF4- (0.1 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 h. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by flash chromatography usingacetone-petroleum ether as eluent to aord the desired product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With C9H18NO(1+)*BH4(1-); copper(II) bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate) In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; | General procedure A: General procedure: To a solution of 1 (0.1 mmol), 2 (0.2 mmol) and Cu(OTf)2 (0.005 eq.) in THF(1.0 mL) was added TEMPO+BF4- (0.1 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was further stirreduntil the disappearance of starting indole by TLC analysis at room temperature. Then, the solvent wasremoved, and the residue was purified by flash chromatography using acetone-petroleum ether aseluent to aord the desired product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With C9H18NO(1+)*BH4(1-) In tetrahydrofuran at 0℃; | General procedure B: General procedure: To a solution of 1 (0.1 mmol) and 4 (0.2 mmol) in THF (1.0 mL) was addedTEMPO+BF4- (0.1 mmol) at 0 °C. The mixture was further stirred until the disappearance of startingmaterial 1 by TLC analysis at 0 °C. The solvent was removed and the residue was purified by flashchromatography using acetone-petroleum ether as eluent to aord the desired product. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
71% | With copper diacetate; palladium diacetate In dimethyl sulfoxide at 80℃; for 24h; | 3.3. General Method B for the Preparation of Indoles 6a-p General procedure: To a round-bottomed flask (at room temperature and in the dark), the correspondingalkyl and arylacetylenes 2a-g (1.0 mol equiv.), the respective aniline 1a-g and 1i-k (1.05 molequiv.), and mercury(I) chloride (0.05 mol equiv.) were successively added. The mixturewas vigorously stirred at 40-60 C for 2-8 h, and anhydrous DMSO (0.2 M), Cu(OAc)2(1.5 mol equiv.), and Pd(OAc)2 (0.20 mol equiv.) were successively added. The mixturewas stirred at 80 C for 24 h, filtered over celite, and washed with EtOAc (4 20 mL). Theorganic layer was washed with brine (40 mL) and dried with Na2SO4. The solvent wasremoved under vacuum and the residue was purified by column chromatography oversilica gel (30 g/g crude, hexane/EtOAc, 98:2) to provide indoles 6a-p. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
56% | With boron trifluoride diethyl etherate; oxygen In dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 5h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With polyphosphoric acid at 80 - 130℃; for 3h; | General procedure for synthesis of benzofuro[2,3-b]quinolines 13 General procedure: A 10 mL Erlenmeyer flask was charged with indole (1.00 mmol), 1-methoxy-2-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene (1.20 mmol), and 80% PPA (2.0 g). The mixture was stirred at 80 ° for 1 hr, then at 130 ° for 2 hr. Pyridine (2.0 mL) was added, the flask was equipped with reflux condenser and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 30 min, and then heated to reflux (ca. 310-320 °). The reaction progress was monitored by TLC. Upon completion, the mixture was cooled down to 50 °C, diluted with water (40 mL), neutralized with aqueous ammonia (20%, 20 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 * 50 mL). Combined organic extracts were dried with Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuum. Residual oil was purified by preparative column chromatography eluting with EtOAc/hexane (1:10-1:8). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With polyphosphoric acid at 80 - 130℃; for 3h; | General procedure for synthesis of benzofuro[2,3-b]quinolines 13 General procedure: A 10 mL Erlenmeyer flask was charged with indole (1.00 mmol), 1-methoxy-2-(2-nitrovinyl)benzene (1.20 mmol), and 80% PPA (2.0 g). The mixture was stirred at 80 ° for 1 hr, then at 130 ° for 2 hr. Pyridine (2.0 mL) was added, the flask was equipped with reflux condenser and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 30 min, and then heated to reflux (ca. 310-320 °). The reaction progress was monitored by TLC. Upon completion, the mixture was cooled down to 50 °C, diluted with water (40 mL), neutralized with aqueous ammonia (20%, 20 mL), and extracted with ethyl acetate (2 * 50 mL). Combined organic extracts were dried with Na2SO4 and concentrated in vacuum. Residual oil was purified by preparative column chromatography eluting with EtOAc/hexane (1:10-1:8). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
89% | With tert.-butylnitrite; iron(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate In acetonitrile at 100℃; Green chemistry; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
72% | With dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)rhodium (III) dimer; silver(I) acetate In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 100℃; for 20h; Sealed tube; | 21 Example 21 1c (171 mg, 0.75 mmol), 2a (56 mg, 0.5 mmol), 1,2-dichloroethane (3 mL), and dichloro(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) compound were successively added to a 15 mL pressure-resistant tube. Rhodium (III) dimer (15 mg, 0.025 mmol) and silver acetate (209 mg, 1.25 mmol), then the pressure-resistant tube was sealed and placed in a 100° C. oil bath for 20 h.After the reaction was completed, it was cooled to room temperature, filtered with celite, and the organic phase was spin-dried. The crude product was separated through a silica gel column (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=5/1, v/v) to obtain a yellow solid product for 3h ( 120 mg, 72%). |
Tags: 23746-76-1 synthesis path| 23746-76-1 SDS| 23746-76-1 COA| 23746-76-1 purity| 23746-76-1 application| 23746-76-1 NMR| 23746-76-1 COA| 23746-76-1 structure
[ 52598-02-4 ]
5-Chloro-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indole
Similarity: 0.94
[ 228718-48-7 ]
N,N-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dimethylaniline
Similarity: 0.83
[ 52598-02-4 ]
5-Chloro-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indole
Similarity: 0.94
[ 113188-83-3 ]
(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methanamine
Similarity: 0.89
[ 52598-02-4 ]
5-Chloro-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indole
Similarity: 0.94
[ 113188-83-3 ]
(5-Chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methanamine
Similarity: 0.89
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P313 | Get medical advice/attention. |
P314 | Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. |
P315 | Get immediate medical advice/attention. |
P320 | |
P302 + P352 | IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P321 | |
P322 | |
P330 | Rinse mouth. |
P331 | Do NOT induce vomiting. |
P332 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: |
P333 | If skin irritation or rash occurs: |
P334 | Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages. |
P335 | Brush off loose particles from skin. |
P336 | Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. |
P337 | If eye irritation persists: |
P338 | Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
P340 | Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P341 | If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P342 | If experiencing respiratory symptoms: |
P350 | Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P351 | Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. |
P352 | Wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P353 | Rinse skin with water/shower. |
P360 | Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
P361 | Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. |
P362 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. |
P363 | Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. |
P370 | In case of fire: |
P371 | In case of major fire and large quantities: |
P372 | Explosion risk in case of fire. |
P373 | DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives. |
P374 | Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. |
P376 | Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1 |
P377 | Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. |
P378 | |
P380 | Evacuate area. |
P381 | Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. |
P390 | Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. |
P391 | Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment |
P301 + P310 | IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P301 + P312 | IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. |
P301 + P330 + P331 | IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. |
P302 + P334 | IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
P302 + P350 | IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P303 + P361 + P353 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. |
P304 + P312 | IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. |
P304 + P340 | IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P304 + P341 | IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P305 + P351 + P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
P306 + P360 | IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
P307 + P311 | IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P308 + P313 | IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. |
P309 + P311 | IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P332 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
P333 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
P335 + P334 | Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
P337 + P313 | IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
P342 + P311 | IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P370 + P376 | In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so. |
P370 + P378 | In case of fire: |
P370 + P380 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. |
P370 + P380 + P375 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
P371 + P380 + P375 | In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
Storage | |
Code | Phrase |
P401 | |
P402 | Store in a dry place. |
P403 | Store in a well-ventilated place. |
P404 | Store in a closed container. |
P405 | Store locked up. |
P406 | Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner. |
P407 | Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets. |
P410 | Protect from sunlight. |
P411 | |
P412 | Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF. |
P413 | |
P420 | Store away from other materials. |
P422 | |
P402 + P404 | Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container. |
P403 + P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. |
P403 + P235 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. |
P410 + P403 | Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. |
P410 + P412 | Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF. |
P411 + P235 | Keep cool. |
Disposal | |
Code | Phrase |
P501 | Dispose of contents/container to ... |
P502 | Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling |
Physical hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H200 | Unstable explosive |
H201 | Explosive; mass explosion hazard |
H202 | Explosive; severe projection hazard |
H203 | Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard |
H204 | Fire or projection hazard |
H205 | May mass explode in fire |
H220 | Extremely flammable gas |
H221 | Flammable gas |
H222 | Extremely flammable aerosol |
H223 | Flammable aerosol |
H224 | Extremely flammable liquid and vapour |
H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour |
H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour |
H227 | Combustible liquid |
H228 | Flammable solid |
H229 | Pressurized container: may burst if heated |
H230 | May react explosively even in the absence of air |
H231 | May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature |
H240 | Heating may cause an explosion |
H241 | Heating may cause a fire or explosion |
H242 | Heating may cause a fire |
H250 | Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air |
H251 | Self-heating; may catch fire |
H252 | Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire |
H260 | In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously |
H261 | In contact with water releases flammable gas |
H270 | May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer |
H271 | May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer |
H272 | May intensify fire; oxidizer |
H280 | Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated |
H281 | Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury |
H290 | May be corrosive to metals |
Health hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H300 | Fatal if swallowed |
H301 | Toxic if swallowed |
H302 | Harmful if swallowed |
H303 | May be harmful if swallowed |
H304 | May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways |
H305 | May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways |
H310 | Fatal in contact with skin |
H311 | Toxic in contact with skin |
H312 | Harmful in contact with skin |
H313 | May be harmful in contact with skin |
H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage |
H315 | Causes skin irritation |
H316 | Causes mild skin irritation |
H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction |
H318 | Causes serious eye damage |
H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
H320 | Causes eye irritation |
H330 | Fatal if inhaled |
H331 | Toxic if inhaled |
H332 | Harmful if inhaled |
H333 | May be harmful if inhaled |
H334 | May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled |
H335 | May cause respiratory irritation |
H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness |
H340 | May cause genetic defects |
H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects |
H350 | May cause cancer |
H351 | Suspected of causing cancer |
H360 | May damage fertility or the unborn child |
H361 | Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child |
H361d | Suspected of damaging the unborn child |
H362 | May cause harm to breast-fed children |
H370 | Causes damage to organs |
H371 | May cause damage to organs |
H372 | Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
H373 | May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
Environmental hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
H401 | Toxic to aquatic life |
H402 | Harmful to aquatic life |
H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H413 | May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life |
H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
Sorry,this product has been discontinued.
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