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Chemical Structure| 326-91-0 Chemical Structure| 326-91-0

Structure of 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone
CAS No.: 326-91-0

Chemical Structure| 326-91-0

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Synonyms: HTTA; TTA; Thenoyltrifluoroacetone

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Panse, Nimishraj ; Lafrenaye, Audrey ; Bergman, Christian ; Gerk, Phillip M ;

Abstract: Multiple exogenous supplements to achieve ketosis using the oral route have been developed to elevate blood BHB levels on demand and in a controllable fashion. The focus is now shifting to evaluating these supplements as potential therapeutic agents and developing strategies to not only achieve ketosis but also maintain it. One such strategy is to administer these as a continuous IV infusion. The main ingredient of one popular exogenous ketone supplement, Veech ketone monoester (KE), was administered via the IV (bolus and infusion) and oral routes to SD rats. The plasma concentration vs. time profile of not only KE but also its immediate metabolites- BHB, 1,3-BD, and AcAc were tracked and used to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters of these molecules. The data from oral and IV bolus administration were used to calculate the oral bioavailability of all molecules. It was seen that KE showed very rapid clearance with a half-life of about 2–3 mins. BHB had a half-life of about 13 mins, while AcAc and 1,3-BD showed a longer half-life of about 23 and 26 mins, respectively. The oral absolute bioavailability of KE itself was extremely low at about 3%. The volume of distribution for all molecules was slightly more than the volume of the central blood compartment in male rats. The administration of KE via the oral and IV routes lowered the blood glucose level in a manner inversely mirroring the elevation of plasma BHB levels. Plasma chemistry of the rats after a 24-hour continuous infusion of KE was assessed. There was no significant change in the plasma pH, but there was a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and blood urea nitrogen levels.

Keywords: Ketone ester ; beta-hydroxybutyrate ; ketone bodies ; pharmacokinetics ; intravenous infusion

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Panse, Nimishraj ; Halquist, Matthew ; Gerk, Phillip M. ;

Abstract: Ketone ester ((R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate) has gained popularity as an exogenous means to achieve ketosis. Regarding its potential as a therapeutic prodrug, it will be necessary to study its pharmacokinetic profile and its proximal metabolites (beta-hydroxybutyrate, 1,3-butanediol and acetoacetate) in humans. Here we develop and validate two LC-MS methods for quantifying KE and its metabolites in human plasma. The first assay uses a C18 column to quantitate ketone ester, beta-hydroxybutyrate and 1,3-butanediol, and the second assay uses a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog. (HILIC) column for the quantitation of acetoacetate. The method was partially validated for intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision based on the ICH M10 guidelines. For both the assays, the intra- and inter-run accuracy was ±15% of the nominal concentration and the precision (%CV) was <15% for all 4 mols. being quantified. The matrix effect for all mols. was evaluated and ranged from -62.1 to 44.4% (combined for all mols.), while the extraction recovery ranged from 65.1 to 119% (combined for all mols.). Furthermore, the metabolism of ketone ester in human plasma and human serum albumin was studied using the method. Non-saturable metabolism of ketone ester was seen in human plasma at concentrations as high as 5 mM and human serum albumin contributed to the metabolism of ketone ester. Together, these assays can be used to track the entire kinetics of ketone ester and its proximal metabolites. The reverse-phase method was used to study the metabolic profile of KE in human plasma and the plasma protein binding of 1,3-BD.

Keywords: bioanalysis ; human plasma ; ketone bodies ; ketone ester ; LC-MS

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Alternative Products

Product Details of 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone

CAS No. :326-91-0
Formula : C8H5F3O2S
M.W : 222.18
SMILES Code : C1=CC=C(S1)C(CC(=O)C(F)(F)F)=O
Synonyms :
HTTA; TTA; Thenoyltrifluoroacetone
MDL No. :MFCD00005445
InChI Key :TXBBUSUXYMIVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :5601

Safety of 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:P261-P305+P351+P338

Isoform Comparison

Biological Activity

Description
2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone serves as a chelating agent and is employed in the complexation of various metal ions, including Mn(II), Co(III), and Ni(II). This compound exhibits antitubercular and cytotoxic properties, inhibits mitochondrial electron flux, and is used in studying endothelial cell dysfunction. Additionally, the copper (II) complex of 2-Thenoyltrifluoroacetone shows anticancer effects against K562 cells[1].

Protocol

Bio Calculators
Preparing Stock Solutions 1mg 5mg 10mg

1 mM

5 mM

10 mM

4.50mL

0.90mL

0.45mL

22.50mL

4.50mL

2.25mL

45.01mL

9.00mL

4.50mL

Dissolving Methods
Please choose the appropriate dissolution scheme according to your animal administration guide.For the following dissolution schemes, clear stock solution should be prepared according to in vitro experiments, and then cosolvent should be added in turn:

in order to ensure the reliability of the experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be properly preserved according to the storage conditions; The working fluid for in vivo experiment is recommended to be prepared now and used on the same day;

The percentage shown in front of the following solvent refers to the volume ratio of the solvent in the final solution; If precipitation or precipitation occurs in the preparation process, it can be assisted by heating and/or ultrasound.
Protocol 1
Protocol 2

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