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Chemical Structure| 488-43-7 Chemical Structure| 488-43-7

Structure of D-Glucamine
CAS No.: 488-43-7

Chemical Structure| 488-43-7

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Synonyms: 1-Amino-1-deoxy-D-glucitol

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Product Details of [ 488-43-7 ]

CAS No. :488-43-7
Formula : C6H15NO5
M.W : 181.19
SMILES Code : OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN
Synonyms :
1-Amino-1-deoxy-D-glucitol
MDL No. :MFCD00077776
InChI Key :SDOFMBGMRVAJNF-SLPGGIOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :452501

Safety of [ 488-43-7 ]

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:P261-P305+P351+P338

Computational Chemistry of [ 488-43-7 ] Show Less

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms 12
Num. arom. heavy atoms 0
Fraction Csp3 1.0
Num. rotatable bonds 5
Num. H-bond acceptors 6.0
Num. H-bond donors 6.0
Molar Refractivity 39.47
TPSA ?

Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from
Ertl P. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.

127.17 Ų

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP)?

iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from
Daina A et al. 2014 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

-0.02
Log Po/w (XLOGP3)?

XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by
XLOGP program, version 3.2.2, courtesy of CCBG, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry

-3.36
Log Po/w (WLOGP)?

WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from
Wildman SA and Crippen GM. 1999 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

-3.62
Log Po/w (MLOGP)?

MLOGP: Topological method implemented from
Moriguchi I. et al. 1992 Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Moriguchi I. et al. 1994 Chem. Pharm. Bull.
Lipinski PA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev.

-2.77
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)?

SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by
FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com

-2.15
Consensus Log Po/w?

Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions

-2.38

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL):?

ESOL: Topological method implemented from
Delaney JS. 2004 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

1.48
Solubility 5520.0 mg/ml ; 30.4 mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

Highly soluble
Log S (Ali)?

Ali: Topological method implemented from
Ali J. et al. 2012 J. Chem. Inf. Model.

1.26
Solubility 3330.0 mg/ml ; 18.4 mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

Highly soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT)?

SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by
FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com

2.35
Solubility 40600.0 mg/ml ; 224.0 mol/l
Class?

Solubility class: Log S scale
Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly

Soluble

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption?

Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg

Low
BBB permeant?

BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg

No
P-gp substrate?

P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set)
and tested on 415 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.72 / AUC=0.77
External: ACC=0.88 / AUC=0.94

No
CYP1A2 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set)
and tested on 3000 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.83 / AUC=0.90
External: ACC=0.84 / AUC=0.91

No
CYP2C19 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set)
and tested on 3000 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.86
External: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.87

No
CYP2C9 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set)
and tested on 2075 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.71 / AUC=0.81

No
CYP2D6 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set)
and tested on 1068 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.79 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.81 / AUC=0.87

No
CYP3A4 inhibitor?

Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set)
and tested on 2579 molecules (test set)
10-fold CV: ACC=0.77 / AUC=0.85
External: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.86

No
Log Kp (skin permeation)?

Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from
Potts RO and Guy RH. 1992 Pharm. Res.

-9.79 cm/s

Druglikeness

Lipinski?

Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from
Lipinski CA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev.
MW ≤ 500
MLOGP ≤ 4.15
N or O ≤ 10
NH or OH ≤ 5

1.0
Ghose?

Ghose filter: implemented from
Ghose AK. et al. 1999 J. Comb. Chem.
160 ≤ MW ≤ 480
-0.4 ≤ WLOGP ≤ 5.6
40 ≤ MR ≤ 130
20 ≤ atoms ≤ 70

None
Veber?

Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from
Veber DF. et al. 2002 J. Med. Chem.
Rotatable bonds ≤ 10
TPSA ≤ 140

0.0
Egan?

Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from
Egan WJ. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.
WLOGP ≤ 5.88
TPSA ≤ 131.6

0.0
Muegge?

Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from
Muegge I. et al. 2001 J. Med. Chem.
200 ≤ MW ≤ 600
-2 ≤ XLOGP ≤ 5
TPSA ≤ 150
Num. rings ≤ 7
Num. carbon > 4
Num. heteroatoms > 1
Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 15
H-bond acc. ≤ 10
H-bond don. ≤ 5

3.0
Bioavailability Score?

Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat
implemented from
Martin YC. 2005 J. Med. Chem.

0.55

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS?

Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from
Baell JB. & Holloway GA. 2010 J. Med. Chem.

0.0 alert
Brenk?

Structural Alert: implemented from
Brenk R. et al. 2008 ChemMedChem

0.0 alert: heavy_metal
Leadlikeness?

Leadlikeness: implemented from
Teague SJ. 1999 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
250 ≤ MW ≤ 350
XLOGP ≤ 3.5
Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 7

No; 1 violation:MW<1.0
Synthetic accessibility?

Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult)
based on 1024 fragmental contributions (FP2) modulated by size and complexity penaties,
trained on 12'782'590 molecules and tested on 40 external molecules (r2 = 0.94)

3.12

Application In Synthesis of [ 488-43-7 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

  • Downstream synthetic route of [ 488-43-7 ]

[ 488-43-7 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream   1~4

  • 1
  • [ 488-43-7 ]
  • C42H35ClNO3PolS [ No CAS ]
  • [ 37793-53-6 ]
  • [ 104091-08-9 ]
  • [ 1602487-13-7 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
43 mg Coupling steps. In a peptide synthesis vessel add the resin, add the amino acid solution, DIPEA, and PyBOP. Bubble argon for 1 hr. and wash 3× with DMF and IPA. Use 20% piperidine in DMF for Fmoc deprotection, 3×(10 min), before each amino acid coupling. Continue to complete all 9 coupling steps. At the end treat the resin with 2% hydrazine in DMF 3×(5 min) to cleave TFA protecting group on Pteroic acid, wash the resin with DMF (3×), IPA (3×), MeOH (3×), and bubble the resin with argon for 30 min. Cleavage step. Reagent: 92.5% TFA, 2.5% H2O, 2.5% triisopropylsilane, 2.5% ethanedithiol. Treat the resin with cleavage reagent 3×(10 min, 5 min, 5 min) with argon bubbling, drain, wash the resin once with cleavage reagent, and combine the solution. Rotavap until 5 ml remains and precipitate in diethyl ether (35 mL). Centrifuge, wash with diethyl ether, and dry. About half of the crude solid (-100 mg) was purified by HPLC. HPLC Purification step. Column: Waters Xterra Prep MS C18 10 mum 19×250 mm; Solvent A: 10 mM ammonium acetate, pH 5; Solvent B: ACN; Method: 5 min 0% B to 25 min 20% B 26 mL/min. Fractions containing the product was collected and freeze-dried to give 43 mg EC0488 (51% yield). 1H NMR and LC/MS (exact mass 1678.62) were consistent with the product.
  • 2
  • [ 488-43-7 ]
  • S-trityl-D-cysteine-2-chlorotrityl resin [ No CAS ]
  • [ 37793-53-6 ]
  • [ 104091-08-9 ]
  • [ 1602487-17-1 ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
The solid phase synthesis of N10-TFA protected EC1454 starts with resin bound trityl protected D-cysteine. The resin is suspended in dimethylformamide (DMF) and washed twice with DMF. EC0475 (glucamine modified L-glutamic acid), (Benzotriazol-1-yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyBOP), and diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) are added to reaction mixture. After at least 1 hour, a Kaiser test is performed to ensure the coupling is complete. The resin is washed three times with DMF, three times with IPA, and three times with DMF. The resin is slowly washed three times with piperidine in DMF, three times with DMF, and three times with IPA. A Kaiser test is performed to confirm deprotection. The resin is washed three times with DMF and the next amino acid in the sequence is coupled following the same process. Monomers are coupled in the following order: 1) EC0475, 2) <strong>[104091-08-9]Fmoc-D-Glu(OtBu)-OH</strong>, 3) EC0475, 4) <strong>[104091-08-9]Fmoc-D-Glu(OtBu)-OH</strong>, 5) EC0475, 6) Fmoc-D-Glu-OtBu, and 7) N10-TFA-Pte-OH. Once the final coupling is complete, the resin is washed three times with methanol and dried by passing argon through the resin at room temperature. The dried resin is suspended in a mixture of TFA, water, ethanedithiol, and triisopropylsilane. After 1 hour the resin is removed by filtration and washed with TFA. The product is precipitated by addition to cold ethyl ether, filtered, and washed with ether. The solids are dried under vacuum at room temperature and stored in a freezer.
  • 3
  • [ 1878-91-7 ]
  • [ 488-43-7 ]
  • C14H20BrNO7 [ No CAS ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
With N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine; HATU; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 16h;Inert atmosphere; D-Glucamine (282 mg, 1.56 mmol), O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate (HATU) (592 mg, 1.56 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (0.542 mL, 3.90 mmol) were added successively to a solution of 4-bromophenoxyacetic acid 16 (300 mg, 1.30 mmol) in anhydrous dimethylformamide (20 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h under inert atmosphere. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After this time, reaction was complete. A 0.1 M aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (10 mL) was added to this mixture and then the solvent was removed under reduced pressure a pale yellow solid corresponding to compound 20.
  • 4
  • [ 488-43-7 ]
  • S-trityl-D-cysteine-2-chlorotrityl resin [ No CAS ]
  • C21H18F3N7O7 [ No CAS ]
  • [ 104091-08-9 ]
  • C67H97F3N16O35S2 [ No CAS ]
YieldReaction ConditionsOperation in experiment
The solid phase synthesis of N?-TFA protected EC1454 starts with resin bound trityl protected D-cysteine. The resin is suspended in dimethylformamide (DMF) and washed twice with DMF. EC0475 (glucamine modified L-glutamic acid), (l3enzotriazol- 1 -yloxy)tripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate (PyI3OP), and diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) are added to reaction mixture. After at least 1 hour, a Kaiser test is performed to ensure the coupling is complete. The resin is washed three times with DMF, three times with IPA, and three times with DMF. The resin is slowly washed three times with piperidine in DMF, three times with DMF, and three times with IPA. A Kaiser test is performed to confirm deprotection. The resin is washed three times with DMF and the next amino acid in the sequence is coupled following the same process. Monomers are coupled in the following order: 1) EC0475, 2) Fmoc-DGlu(Otl3u)-OH, 3) EC0475, 4) <strong>[104091-08-9]Fmoc-D-Glu(OtBu)-OH</strong>, 5) EC0475, 6) Fmoc-D-Glu-Otl3u, and 7) N?-TFA-Pte-OH. Once the final coupling is complete, the resin is washed three times with methanol and dried by passing argon through the resin at room temperature. The dried resin is suspended in a mixture of TFA, water, ethanedithiol, and triisopropylsilane. After 1 hour the resin is removed by filtration and washed with TFA. The product is precipitated by addition to cold ethyl ether, filtered, and washed with ether. The solids are dried under vacuum at room tempera- tare and stored in a freezer.
 

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