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Chemical Structure| 7447-41-8 Chemical Structure| 7447-41-8
Chemical Structure| 7447-41-8

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Lithium directly inhibits GSK3 by competitive binding for magnesium (Mg2+), disrupting the catalytic functioning of GSK3. Lithium also indirectly inhibits GSK3 by increasing serine phosphorylation, through P13K-mediated phosphorylation/activation of Akt.

Synonyms: LiCl; Lithium chloride

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Kessinger, Matthew ; Soudackov, Alexander V. ; Schneider, Jenny ; Bangle, Rachel E. ; Hammes-Schiffer, Sharon ; Meyer, Gerald J.

Abstract: The reorganization energy (λ) for interfacial electron transfer (ET) and proton-coupled ET (PCET) from a conductive metal oxide (In2O3:Sn, ITO) to a surface-bound H2O oxidation catalyst was extracted from kinetic data measured as a function of the thermodn. driving force. Visible light excitation resulted in rapid excited-state injection (kinj > 108 s-1) to the ITO, which photo-initiated the two interfacial reactions of interest. The rate constants for both reactions increased with the driving force, -ΔG°, to a saturating limit, kmax, with rate constants consistently larger for ET than for PCET. Marcus-Gerischer anal. of the kinetic data provided the reorganization energy for interfacial PCET (0.90 ± 0.02 eV) and ET (0.40 ± 0.02 eV), resp. The magnitude of kmax for PCET decreases with pH, behavior that was absent for ET. Both the decrease in kmax and the larger reorganization energy for an unwanted competing PCET reaction from the ITO to the oxidized catalyst showcases a significant kinetic advantage for driving solar H2O oxidation at high pH. Computational anal. revealed a larger inner-sphere reorganization energy contribution for PCET than for ET arising from a more significant change in the Ru-O bond length for the PCET reaction. Extending the Marcus-Gerischer theory to PCET by including the excited electron-proton vibronic states and the proton donor-acceptor motion provided an apparent reorganization energy of 1.01 eV. The Marcus-Gerischer theory initially developed for ET can be reliably extended to PCET for quantifying and interpreting reorganization energies observed exptl.

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Product Details of Lithium Chloride

CAS No. :7447-41-8
Formula : ClLi
M.W : 42.39
SMILES Code : [Li+].[Cl-]
Synonyms :
LiCl; Lithium chloride
MDL No. :MFCD00011078
InChI Key :KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Pubchem ID :433294

Safety of Lithium Chloride

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:Warning
Hazard Statements:H302-H315-H319
Precautionary Statements:P301+P312+P330-P305+P351+P338
 

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