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Synonyms: Meldrum's acid
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Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
Search for reports by entering the product batch number.
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Search for reports by entering the product batch number.
Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
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CAS No. : | 2033-24-1 |
Formula : | C6H8O4 |
M.W : | 144.13 |
SMILES Code : | O=C(C1)OC(C)(C)OC1=O |
Synonyms : |
Meldrum's acid
|
MDL No. : | MFCD00006638 |
InChI Key : | GXHFUVWIGNLZSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 16249 |
GHS Pictogram: |
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Signal Word: | Danger |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H319-H372-H410 |
Precautionary Statements: | P273-P301+P312+P330-P305+P351+P338-P314 |
Class: | 9 |
UN#: | 3077 |
Packing Group: | Ⅲ |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
59% | In ethanol; at 75℃; for 0.5h; | To <strong>[326827-21-8]5-cyclobutyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ylamine</strong> (1.0 g, 7.3 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) was added 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (1.1 g, 8.0 mmol) followed by Meldrum's Acid (1.1 g, 8.0 mmol). The reaction mixture was then heated to 75 C. (oil bath). After 30 min, the reaction was cooled to room temperature, the solid was filtered off, and then washed with MeOH (5 mL) and hexanes (10 mL). The solid was collected and dried under reduced pressure to give the title compound (1.3 g, 59% yield) as a colorless solid. 500 MHz 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) d 12.0 (s, 1H), 10.3 (s, 1H), 7.34 (d, J=8.7 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 4.20 (dd, J=7.1, 4.2 Hz, 1H), 3.17 (dddd, J=8.7, 8.7, 8.7, 8.7 Hz, 1H), 2.84 (dd, 15.8, 7.1 Hz, 1H), 2.44 (dd, J=16.2, 4.6 Hz, 1H), 2.09-1.87 (m, 4H), 1.83-1.69 (m, 1H), 1.68-1.61 (m, 1H). 13C NMR (125 Mz, DMSO-d6) d 169.8, 149.5, 144.1, 142.8, 131.7, 129.4, 129.2, 101.1, 41.3, 33.9, 31.0, 28.8, 28.4, 18.7. LRMS m/z (APCI+) 303 (M+1). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
60% | With pyridine; In N-methyl-acetamide; methanol; dichloromethane; | 1-Methyl, 8-tert-butyl 3-oxo-1,8-octanedioate A solution of <strong>[52221-07-5]mono-tert-butyl adipate</strong> (7.8 g, 37.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (175 ml) was treated with oxalyl chloride (9.8 ml, 112.5 mmol) followed by ten drops of dimethylformamide. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was dried under vacuum. To a solution of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (5.42 g, 37.6 mmol) in dichloromethane (30 ml) at 0° C. was added pyridine (6.1 ml, 75 mmol) followed by the crude acid chloride in a solution of dichloromethane (30 ml). The reaction was stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour and at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction was then washed with water and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated. The crude residue was then dissolved in methanol and refluxed for 3 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography to give the title material (5.82 g, 60percent) as an oil. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
46% | To a solution of p-fluoroaniline (3.03 mL, 31.5 mmol, 1 equiv) in ethanol (30 mL) were added Meldrum's acid (5.54 g, 38.4 mmol, 1.2 equiv) and triethyl orthoformate (12.4 mL, 74.5 mmol, 2.4 equiv). The mixture was heated to reflux for 2.5 h. The reaction was cooled to 0 °C and the solid was filtered and washed with cold ethanol. The dried solid was added portiowise over 5 mins to boiling diphenyl ether (100 mL). Reflux was maintained for an additional 3 mins. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 30 mins before petroleum ether (25 mL) was added and the solid was filtered and dried. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc/MeOH 95:5), to afford 6-fluoroquinolin-4-ol (2.36 g, 14.5 mmol, 46percent). The analyses were consistent with the data reported in the literature. Ref: WO2010/123995 (2010) TLC Rf 0.41 (EtOAc/MeOH 95:5) 1HNMR (400MHz, DMSO-de) delta (ppm) 11.90 (s, 1H, OH), 7.94 (d, J=7.6, 1H, NCH), 7.73 (m, 1H, NCCH), 7.53-7.67 (m, 2H, FCCH, FCCH), 6.04 (d, J=7.3, 1H, OHCCH) ppm CNMR (101 MHz, DMSO-de) delta (ppm) 159.9 (7), 157.7 (5), 140.0 (2), 137.2 (10), 127.3 (4), 121.1 (6), 120.8 (1), 109.5 (3), 108.3 (8) ppm IR (neat) v max 2768 (br), 1594 (m) cm"1 LCMS (ESI+) m/z 164.1 [M+H]+, 186.1 [M+Na]+ 11 RMS (ESI+) m/z calcd. 164.0506 m/z meas. 164.0509 [M+H] Mpt 227 - 228 °C | |
With orthoformic acid triethyl ester; In ethanol; for 2.5h;Heating / reflux; | To a mixture of 4-fluoro-aniline (25.O g, 224.9 mmol) in EtOH (17O mL) were added successively Meldrum's acid (35.69 g, 247.6 mmol) and triethyl orthoformate (40.O mL, 240.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was then refluxed for 2 h 30 min. The reaction mixture was cooled to 00C and the solid was filtered and washed with cold EtOH. The solid was dried under HV to give 54.62 g of a yellow powder. To a boiling solution of diphenyl ether (230 g) was added the latter solid portion wise over 5 min. The reflux was maintained for further 3 min and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at rt. After 30 min at rt, ether was added and the desired solid was filtered, thoroughly washed with ether and dried under HV to afford the title compound as a brown solid (11.11 g, 68.1 mmol). MS (ESI, mix): 164.1 [M+H+]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With laccase; benzotriazol-1-ol; In aq. phosphate buffer; at 5 - 20℃; for 12h;pH 7;Green chemistry; Enzymatic reaction; | General procedure: Catechol or hydroquinone (1 mM) and Meldrum?s acid(2 mM) were taken in 15 mL of phosphate/citrate bufferpH 7 solution. Then, purified laccase (400 U) and0.01 mmol of HBT were added to the resultant solutionand stirred well at 5 8C with a magnetic stirrer. Thetemperature of the reaction mixture was graduallyincreased up to room temperature. The progress of thereaction was monitored by TLC examination at intervals of30 min. Upon completion of the reaction, approximatelyafter 12 h, the reaction mixture was extracted withethylacetate (3 15, i.e. three-time extraction with 15 mLof ethylacetate). The organic layer was dried overanhydrous Na2SO4. The aqueous phase was further usedfor another run without any pre-treatment. The productwas purified by column chromatography using aluminiumoxide as a stationary phase and hexane:ethyl acetate(80:20) as a mobile phase. Products were unambiguouslycharacterized by spectral data |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With piperidine; acetic acid; In ethanol; for 3h;Reflux; | General procedure: We performed the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction to add the aldehyde function to the 2-aminophenol derivative. The phosphoryl oxychloride POCl3 (1.2 equiv in 3.0 equiv of anhydrous DMF) was carefully added dropwise to the previous synthesis product (also in anhydrous DMF: 200 mul for 1 mmol) under argon at 0 C. The reaction mixture was stirred 15 min at 0 C, then 15 min at room temperature,15 min at 37 C and finally 30 min at 80-90 C. After cooling, addition of ice and Na2CO3 in the reaction mixture and stirring, we obtain a precipitate (not pure but the cyclisation selects the desired coumarinic end product). This reaction step was used for the compounds 18-22. The previously synthesized salicylaldehyde (1.0 equiv) was dissolved in EtOH (10 ml for 1 mmol). Meldrum acid (1.2 equiv) was added to the stirred solution. Piperidineand acetic acid were added dropwise to catalyse the reaction (six drops for 1 mmol). The solution was stirred and heated 3 h under reflux. After cooling, the yellow to orange precipitate was filtered and obtained pure. This final reaction step was used for all the compounds (the only synthesis step of 17 and 23). 5.1.5.5 7-(Dimethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carboxylic acid (21) 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) delta ppm 8.60 (s, 1H), 7.66 (d, J = 9, 1H), 6.81 (d, J = 9, 1H), 6.58 (s, 1H), 3.09 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (DMSO-d6) delta ppm 164.97 (C), 157.94 (C), 155.41 (C), 149.99 (CH), 149.96 (C), 131.98 (CH), 131.92 (C), 110.71 (C), 108.40 (CH), 108.06 (CH), 96.91 (C), 40.53 (CH3) MS (APCI): m/z = 233.93 (MH+) HRMS: m/z calcd for [C12H12NO4] 234.0766, measured 234.0777. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With triethylammonium formate; at 20 - 95℃; for 16h; | 3-(4-Bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl)acrylic acid To a solution of <strong>[357405-75-5]4-bromo-2,5-difluorobenzaldehyde</strong> (15.0 g) in triethylamine formiate (80 mL) at room temperature was added 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (9.77 g). After being stirred for 1 h, the mixture was heated at 95° C. with stirring for 15 hours. After cooling down, ice water was added. The mixture was adjusted to pH ?1 with HCl (6 M) and then extracted with ethyl acetate (200 mL*3). The organic phase was washed with brine (50 mL) and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with DCM/petroleum ether (7:1) to give the subtitle compound as a white solid. MS ESI+: m/z=263 [M+H]+. | |
With triethylammonium formate; at 20 - 95℃; for 16h; | To a solution of <strong>[357405-75-5]4-bromo-2,5-difluorobenzaldehyde</strong> (15.0 g) in triethylamine formiate (80 ml_) at room temperature was added 2,2-dimethyl-1 ,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (9.77 g). After being stirred for 1 h, the mixture was heated at 95°C with stirring for 15 hours. After cooling down, ice water was added. The mixture was adjusted to pH ~1 with HCI (6 M) and then extracted with ethyl acetate (200 ml_ x 3). The organic phase was washed with brine (50 ml_) and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with DCM/petroleum ether (7:1 ) to give the subtitle compound as a white solid. MS EST: m/z = 263 [M+H]+. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | In 1,4-dioxane; water; at 75℃; for 4h; | A mixture of <strong>[24078-12-4]4-bromo-2-methylbenzaldehyde</strong> (1.99 g, 10.00 mmol) and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (2.16 g, 15.0 mmol) in water (20 mL) and 1-4-dioxane (2 mL) was heated at about 75 C. for about 2 h. Additional 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (0.72 g, 5.0 mmol) was added and heating at about 75 C. was continued for about 2 h. The reaction was cooled to rt and solids were filtered off and rinsed with water (25 mL). The resulting solid was air dried on the funnel and then triturated with Et2O (about 20 mL) and filtered. The product was dried overnight in the vacuum oven at about 50 C. to yield 5-(4-bromo-2-methylbenzylidene)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (2.75 g, 8.46 mmol, 85%) as a pale yellow solid: LC-MS (Table 1, Method g) Rt=2.43 min, m/z 341/343 (M-H+NH3)-; 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta 8.49 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 7.51-7.42 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.77 (s, 6H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | General procedure: In a 100 ml flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer and a septum was charged with 10.11 mmol (1 equiv.) of 3-formylquinolones 3 (3a: 1.75 g, 3b or 3c: 1.89 g, 3d or 3e 2.05 g).dissolved in 34 ml of pyridine, then added 14.72 mmol (1.5equiv.) of Meldrum?s acid (2.12 g). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24 h. The crude products precipitated in the reaction solution, is filtered on sintered glass, washed 3 times with a solution of HCl (4N), and then washed with distilled water to remove all traces of pyridine.The crude products were recrystallized from acetic acid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
3.9 g | With formic acid; triethylamine; at 100℃; for 2h; | Step 1 (0503) A mixture of <strong>[109179-31-9]2-bromo-3-methylbenzaldehyde</strong> (3.15 g), 2,2-dimethyl-[1,3]dioxane-4,6-dione (2.28 g), triethylamine (3 mL) and formic acid (2 mL) was stirred at an external temperature of 100° C. for 2 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature. The mixture was poured into ice water, and the resulting mixture was diluted with hydrochloric acid (2 mol/L) and ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate layer was washed with brine, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 3-(2-bromo-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid (3. 90 g). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
45% | The product of Example 10, Step 2, was added to thionyl chloride (200 mL)Heated to 90 degrees Celsius,The reaction system is dissolved,Stirring was continued for 1 hour.Cooling,After the reaction system was reduced to room temperature,The unreacted thionyl chloride was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure,Add 100mLDCM,Once again evaporated,Repeated twice,The residual thionyl chloride was removed.To the residue was added DCM (300 mL) and triethylamine (150 g, 15 mmol)Then added to Medrum & apos; s acid (144 g, 100 mmol)Stir overnight at room temperature.Water (400 mL) was added to the reaction system,Extraction,The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours,filter,Remove the desiccant.The resulting filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator,To the resulting residue was added anhydrous ethanol (200 mL)And trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL),50 degrees Celsius reaction 8 hours.Cooling,To the reaction system was added 50 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution,The ethanol was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator,To the residue was added 300 mL of purified water,Ethyl acetate extraction (300 mL x 3).Combine organic phase,Dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours.filter,Filter out desiccant,The filtrate was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator,The residual oily liquid was purified by flash column chromatography (0-50percentEthyl acetate n-hexane solution as mobile phase)C-10-C (14 g, 45percent),White powder. | |
45% | The product of Example 13, Step 2, was added to thionyl chloride (200 mL)Heated to 90 degrees Celsius, the reaction system dissolved, continue stirring for 1 hour.Cooling, the reaction system to be reduced to room temperature, the unreacted sodium sulfoxide reduced pressure evaporated,Add 100mLDCM, again evaporated,Repeat twice to remove the residual thionyl chloride.To the residue was added DCM (300 mL) and triethylamine (150 g, 15 mmol)Medrum's acid (144 g, 100 mmol) was then added and stirred at room temperature overnight.Water (400 mL) was added to the reaction system,The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours, filtered and the desiccant was filtered off.The resulting filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator,To the resulting residue was added anhydrous ethanol (200 mL)And trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL) at 50 ° C for 8 hours.Cooling, adding 50 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution to the reaction system,The ethanol was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator,To the residue was added 300 mL of purified water, extracted with ethyl acetate (300 mL x 3).The combined organic phases were dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours.Filtering, filtering the desiccant, the filtrate in the rotary evaporator on the vacuum drying,The residual oily liquid was purified by flash column chromatography (0-50percent ethyl acetate n-hexane solution as mobile phase)A-13-C (14 g, 45percent), an off-white powder. | |
45% | The product obtained in Example 7, Step 2, was added to thionyl chloride (200 mL)Heated to 90 degrees Celsius,The reaction system is dissolved,Stirring was continued for 1 hour.Cooling, until the reaction system to room temperature,The unreacted thionyl chloride was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure, 100 mLDCM was added,Evaporated again, twice, to remove the residual thionyl chloride.To the residue was added DCM (300 mL) and triethylamine (150 g, 15 mmol)Then add Medrum's acid (144 g, 100 mmol)Stir overnight at room temperature. Water (400 mL) was added to the reaction system,The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours, filtered,Remove the desiccant. The resulting filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator,To the resulting residue was added absolute ethanol (200 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL)50 degrees Celsius reaction 8 hours. Cooling, adding 50 mL of saturated to the reaction systemSodium bicarbonate solution, and the ethanol was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator, 300 mL of purified water was added to the residue,Ethyl acetate extraction (300 mL x 3). Combined organic phase,Dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours. Filter, filter desiccant,The filtrate was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator,The residual oily liquid was purified by flash column chromatography (0-50percent ethyl acetate n-hexane as the mobile phase) to give C-07-C (14 g, 45percent) as an off-white powder. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
A mixture of <strong>[7321-93-9]5-amino-2,4-dichloropyridine</strong> (818 mg, 5.02 mmol) and 2,2- dimethyl-l,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (889 mg, 6.05 mmol) was heated to 100°C. After 2 minutes, trimethyl orthoformate (2.32 mL, 30.1 mmol) was added to the melt. A white suspension formed over 25 minutes and reflux was observed. The mixture was cooled to ambient temperature and the suspension was diluted with diethyl ether (10 mL). The reaction was filtered to afford the title compound (90percent purity, 1.40 g, 79percent) as an off- white powder. deltaEta (DMSO-d6, 300 MHz) 11.40 (d, J 10.9 Hz, 1H), 8.92 (s, 1H), 8.86-8.73 (m, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 1.70 (s, 6H). LCMS (ES-) [Mu-EtaGamma 315, RT 1.41 minutes (method 2)· |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
45% | The product of Example 13, Step 2, was added to thionyl chloride (200 mL)Heated to 90 degrees Celsius,The reaction system is dissolved,Stirring was continued for 1 hour.Cooling,After the reaction system was reduced to room temperature,The unreacted thionyl chloride was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure,Add 100mLDCM,Once again evaporated,Repeated twice,The residual thionyl chloride was removed.To the residue was added DCM (300 mL) and triethylamine (150 g, 15 mmol)Was then added Medrum's acid (144g, 100mmol),Stir overnight at room temperature.Water (400 mL) was added to the reaction system,Extraction,The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours,filter,Remove the desiccant.The resulting filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator,To the resulting residue was added anhydrous ethanol (200 mL) and trifluoroacetic acid (1 mL)50 degrees Celsius reaction 8 hours.Cooling,To the reaction system was added 50 mL of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution,The ethanol was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator,To the residue was added 300 mL of purified water,Ethyl acetate extraction (300 mL x 3).Combine organic phase,Dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate for 2 hours.filter,Filter out desiccant,The filtrate was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator,The residual oily liquid was subjected to flash column chromatography(0-50percent ethyl acetate n-hexane solution as mobile phase) to give B-13-C (14 g, 45percent),White powder. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In 1,4-dioxane; at 140℃; for 0.0833333h;Microwave irradiation; | General procedure: A mixture of Meldrum?s acid (4.8 mmol, 1.2 equiv., 0.69 g) and the corresponding alcohol (4 mmol, 1.0 equiv.) in dioxane (3 mL) was heated by microwave irradiation at 140 °C for 5 min. After the removal of the dioxane by rotatory evaporation, the residue was separated using a column of Diaion HP-20, eluting with H2O, 30percent CH3OH/H2O and CH3OH to give the desired malonic acid monoesters as a light yellow oil. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
64.34% | With formic acid; triethylamine; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 0 - 100℃; | To formic acid (10.8 g, 233.95 mmol, 3 equiv) at 0 oC was added TEA (9.5 g, 93.58 mmol, 1.2 equiv) dropwise. After stirring for 30 min. at rt, to this mixture were added <strong>[262450-65-7]3-bromo-5-methoxybenzaldehyde</strong> (16.77 g, 77.98 mmol, 1 equiv) and 2,2-dimethyl-1,3- dioxane-4,6-dione (11.2 g, 77.71 mmol, 1.00 equiv) in DMF (75 mL) dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at 100 oC for 50 h, cooled to 0 oC, quenched with conc. HCl (20mL), and diluted with water (500 mL). The mixture was extracted with DCM (300 mL) three times. The combined organic layers were washed with NaOH (1 N, 500 mL) twice. The aqueous phase was combined, acidified to pH 2 with conc. HCl, and extracted with EtOAc (300 mL) twice. The combined organic layers were washed with brine (500 mL) twice, dried over anhydrous Na2SO4, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 3-(3-bromo-5- methoxyphenyl) propanoic acid (45-3) (13 g, 64.34%) as a yellow oil. |
Tags: 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione | Meldrum's acid | Other Aliphatic Heterocycles | Esters | Ketones | Heterocyclic Building Blocks | Organic Building Blocks | 2033-24-1
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P302 + P352 | IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P321 | |
P322 | |
P330 | Rinse mouth. |
P331 | Do NOT induce vomiting. |
P332 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: |
P333 | If skin irritation or rash occurs: |
P334 | Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages. |
P335 | Brush off loose particles from skin. |
P336 | Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. |
P337 | If eye irritation persists: |
P338 | Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
P340 | Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P341 | If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P342 | If experiencing respiratory symptoms: |
P350 | Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P351 | Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. |
P352 | Wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P353 | Rinse skin with water/shower. |
P360 | Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
P361 | Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. |
P362 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. |
P363 | Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. |
P370 | In case of fire: |
P371 | In case of major fire and large quantities: |
P372 | Explosion risk in case of fire. |
P373 | DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives. |
P374 | Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. |
P376 | Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1 |
P377 | Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. |
P378 | |
P380 | Evacuate area. |
P381 | Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. |
P390 | Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. |
P391 | Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment |
P301 + P310 | IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P301 + P312 | IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. |
P301 + P330 + P331 | IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. |
P302 + P334 | IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
P302 + P350 | IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
P303 + P361 + P353 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. |
P304 + P312 | IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. |
P304 + P340 | IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P304 + P341 | IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
P305 + P351 + P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
P306 + P360 | IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
P307 + P311 | IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P308 + P313 | IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. |
P309 + P311 | IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P332 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
P333 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
P335 + P334 | Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
P337 + P313 | IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
P342 + P311 | IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
P370 + P376 | In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so. |
P370 + P378 | In case of fire: |
P370 + P380 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. |
P370 + P380 + P375 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
P371 + P380 + P375 | In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
Storage | |
Code | Phrase |
P401 | |
P402 | Store in a dry place. |
P403 | Store in a well-ventilated place. |
P404 | Store in a closed container. |
P405 | Store locked up. |
P406 | Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner. |
P407 | Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets. |
P410 | Protect from sunlight. |
P411 | |
P412 | Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF. |
P413 | |
P420 | Store away from other materials. |
P422 | |
P402 + P404 | Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container. |
P403 + P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. |
P403 + P235 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. |
P410 + P403 | Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. |
P410 + P412 | Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF. |
P411 + P235 | Keep cool. |
Disposal | |
Code | Phrase |
P501 | Dispose of contents/container to ... |
P502 | Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling |
Physical hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H200 | Unstable explosive |
H201 | Explosive; mass explosion hazard |
H202 | Explosive; severe projection hazard |
H203 | Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard |
H204 | Fire or projection hazard |
H205 | May mass explode in fire |
H220 | Extremely flammable gas |
H221 | Flammable gas |
H222 | Extremely flammable aerosol |
H223 | Flammable aerosol |
H224 | Extremely flammable liquid and vapour |
H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour |
H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour |
H227 | Combustible liquid |
H228 | Flammable solid |
H229 | Pressurized container: may burst if heated |
H230 | May react explosively even in the absence of air |
H231 | May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature |
H240 | Heating may cause an explosion |
H241 | Heating may cause a fire or explosion |
H242 | Heating may cause a fire |
H250 | Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air |
H251 | Self-heating; may catch fire |
H252 | Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire |
H260 | In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously |
H261 | In contact with water releases flammable gas |
H270 | May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer |
H271 | May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer |
H272 | May intensify fire; oxidizer |
H280 | Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated |
H281 | Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury |
H290 | May be corrosive to metals |
Health hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H300 | Fatal if swallowed |
H301 | Toxic if swallowed |
H302 | Harmful if swallowed |
H303 | May be harmful if swallowed |
H304 | May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways |
H305 | May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways |
H310 | Fatal in contact with skin |
H311 | Toxic in contact with skin |
H312 | Harmful in contact with skin |
H313 | May be harmful in contact with skin |
H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage |
H315 | Causes skin irritation |
H316 | Causes mild skin irritation |
H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction |
H318 | Causes serious eye damage |
H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
H320 | Causes eye irritation |
H330 | Fatal if inhaled |
H331 | Toxic if inhaled |
H332 | Harmful if inhaled |
H333 | May be harmful if inhaled |
H334 | May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled |
H335 | May cause respiratory irritation |
H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness |
H340 | May cause genetic defects |
H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects |
H350 | May cause cancer |
H351 | Suspected of causing cancer |
H360 | May damage fertility or the unborn child |
H361 | Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child |
H361d | Suspected of damaging the unborn child |
H362 | May cause harm to breast-fed children |
H370 | Causes damage to organs |
H371 | May cause damage to organs |
H372 | Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
H373 | May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
Environmental hazards | |
Code | Phrase |
H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
H401 | Toxic to aquatic life |
H402 | Harmful to aquatic life |
H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
H413 | May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life |
H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
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