Structure of 221615-75-4
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| CAS No. : | 221615-75-4 |
| Formula : | C15H15NO3S |
| M.W : | 289.35 |
| SMILES Code : | O=S(C1=CC=C(CC(C2=CC=C(C)N=C2)=O)C=C1)(C)=O |
| MDL No. : | MFCD11110696 |
| InChI Key : | YBFHILNBYXCJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Pubchem ID : | 9925991 |
| GHS Pictogram: |
|
| Signal Word: | Warning |
| Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H335 |
| Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 |
| Num. heavy atoms | 20 |
| Num. arom. heavy atoms | 12 |
| Fraction Csp3 | 0.2 |
| Num. rotatable bonds | 4 |
| Num. H-bond acceptors | 4.0 |
| Num. H-bond donors | 0.0 |
| Molar Refractivity | 76.98 |
| TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
72.48 Ų |
| Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
2.01 |
| Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
1.77 |
| Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
3.3 |
| Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
1.39 |
| Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
3.01 |
| Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
2.3 |
| Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-2.93 |
| Solubility | 0.341 mg/ml ; 0.00118 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
| Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-2.91 |
| Solubility | 0.356 mg/ml ; 0.00123 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
| Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-5.59 |
| Solubility | 0.000745 mg/ml ; 0.00000258 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Moderately soluble |
| GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
| BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
Yes |
| P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
Yes |
| CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
Yes |
| CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
| Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-6.81 cm/s |
| Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
| Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
| PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
| Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
0.0 alert: heavy_metal |
| Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<0.0 |
| Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
2.19 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

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[ 202409-33-4 ]| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| Example-7; Preparation of Etoricoxib; Potassium tert. butoxide (1.4g) was dissolved in THF (7ml) and the solution was maintained at 25-30 0C for 10 minutes and then cooled to 10 0C. Subsequently, solution of l-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2[4-(methylsulfonyl)rhohenyl] ethanone (5g) in THF was added and kept the mixture for lhr at 25-30 0C. Subsequently, 2-chloro 1,3 -(bis morpholinyl) trimethinium hexafluoro phosphate (4g) followed by THF (20ml) was added and the reaction mixture was maintained at 25-30 0C for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was dumped in to the mixture of trifluoroacetic acid (0.6g), acetic acid (4.4g) and THF (10ml) and maintained the reaction mixture at 25-30 0C for 2 hrs. The reaction mixture was stirred at 55-60 0C for 3 hrs and aq. ammonia solution (30ml), and ammonium acetate (0.8g) was added and further stirred at 55-60 0C for 20 hrs. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25-30 0C then after water was added and extract with ethyl acetate (50ml). Organic layer was separated and washed with 10 % sodium bicarbonate solution, dried and concentrated to dryness <; 500C to obtain Etoricoxib.Yield = 3.1 g, (12.82 %), HPLC purity = 15.36% (Etoricoxib), (unreacted 64.15 %-sulfone compound). |

[ 221615-75-4 ]
[ 202409-33-4 ]| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 75.9% | Example-5; Preparation of Etoricoxib; Potassium tert. butoxide (2.Ig) was dissolved in THF (20ml) and the solution was maintained at 5-25 0C for 10 minutes. Subsequently, a solution of l-(6-methylpyridin-3- yl)-2[4-(rnethylsulfonyl)phenyl] ethanone (5g) in THF was added and kept the mixture for lhr at 25-30 0C. 2-chloro l,3-(bis piperidyl) trimethinium hexafluoro phosphate salt of formula (HIc) (8g), obtained in Example 4 above, in THF, was added to the previously prepared solution of ketosulfone and the reaction mixture was heated at 30-55 0C for 2-24 hrs. The reaction mixture was dumped into a mixture of triflorbacetic acid (Ig), acetic acid (7.5g) and THF. The reaction mixture was further heated to 55-60 0C for 6-20 hrs, after adding ammonia solution (125 ml). Then cooled the reaction mixture to room temperature. The reaction mixture was dumped into water and extracted with ethyl acetate and washed with 10% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated and concentrated to dryness at less than 50 0C to give Etoricoxib 8.6 g. HPLC purity- 91.28 % (Etoricoxib). Crude mass was purified to obtain Etoricoxib (4.7g), yield = 75.9 %; HPLC purity = 96.31 %. |

[ 221615-75-4 ]
[ 202409-33-4 ]| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| ExampIe-9; Preparation of Etoricoxib; Potassium tert. butoxide (0.426g) was dissolved in THF (40ml) and the solution was maintained at 25-30 0C for 10 minutes and then cooled to 10-15 0C. Subsequently, solution of l-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl] ethanone (Ig) in THF was added and kept the mixture for lhr at 10-15 0C. Subsequently, 2-chloro l,3-(bis pyrolidinyl) trimethinium hexafluoro phosphate salt (1.3g), in THF (8ml) was added and maintained the reaction mixture for 2 hrs at 25-30 0C. The reaction mixture was dumped in to the mixture of trifloroaceticacid (0.2g), acetic acid (1.5g), and THF (10ml) and maintained for 1 hour at 25-30 0C. Further the reaction mixture was heated at 60-70 0C for 15 hrs after aq. ammonia solution (25ml) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to 25-30 0C. After then ethyl acetate and water was added, organic layer was separated and washed with water and 10 % sodium bicarbonate solution. Organic layer was separated, dried and concentrated to dryness <; 50 0C to give crude Etoricoxib. Yield = 0.9 g (40.84 %), % HPLC purity = 55.82 % (Etoricoxib), (unreacted sulfone compound = 34.44 %). |
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| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| Toluene (40 ml), propionic acid (25 ml), l-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-[4- (methylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethanone (5 g), 3-amino-2-chloroacrolein (5.4 g) and methanesulfonic acid (2.5 ml) were taken into a reaction flask, and the resulting mixture was heated at 100-110C, followed by maintaining for 15 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, the reaction mass was cooled to 20-25C, followed by the addition of water (25 ml) and ethyl acetate (50 ml). The pH of the reaction mass was adjusted to 7 to 7.5 using sodium bicarbonate solution (25%, 25 ml). The reaction mass was stirred and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 ml), followed by separation of the organic layer. The organic layer was washed with water (50 ml) twice, followed by carbon treatment [Carbon grade-Darco(D-60)]. The organic layer was heated at 50C and filtered over a hyflo bed at 50C. Ethyl acetate was distilled out under vacuum at 45-50C to produce 5.5 g of crude etoricoxib as an oily mass (Purity by HPLC : 83.10%). |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 90.1% | In water; | Example 2 Synthesis of 1-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]ethanone of Formula (I) To a four-neck round-bottom 250 ml flask equipped with mechanical stirring and condenser were added at 20-25 C. and under nitrogen atmosphere Xantphos, palladium acetate, tripotassium phosphate trihydrate, PVP, 4-bromophenyl methyl sulfone, 5-acetyl-2-methyl pyridine, water (50.00 ml). A vacuum/nitrogen cycle was repeated for at least three times at 20-25 C. The resulting reaction mixture was heated up to 85-90 C. and stirred for at least 24 h. The reaction mixture was transferred in an other recipient then cooled down to 40-50 C. and diluted with water (400 ml). The resulting mixture was stirred at 40-45 C. for 15 min and cooled down to -5-0 C. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at -5-0 C. for at least 2 h, then it was filtered and the cake was washed with water (3*100 ml) and dried at 65-70 C. under reduced pressure to afford a crude product of formula (I) as a yellow solid (48.3 g). yield: 90.1%, Purity: 75.7% by HPLC A %. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 91% | With potassium phosphate;palladium(II) acetylacetonate; 4,5-bis(diphenylphos4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthenephino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one; at 100℃; for 18h;Inert atmosphere;Product distribution / selectivity; | Pd(acac)2 (6.1 mg, 0.02 mmol, 0.5 mol %) and Xantphos (23.2 mg, 0.04 mmol, 1 mol o) are introduced into a flared flask provided with coolant. 4-bromophenylmethylsulfone of formula (III, XBr) (1.17 g, 5 mmol), acetylpicoline of formula (II) (541 mg, 4 mmol) and K3PO4 (2.55 g, 12.0 mmol, 3 eq) are added thereto. Once the argon atmosphere has been stabilized with vacuum-argon cycles, anhydrous and degassed NMP (15 ml) is added with a syringe. The mixture is then kept stirred under stirring in an argon atmosphere for 18 h at 100 C. The conversion is quantitative. The reaction mixture is diluted with a saturated solution of NaHCO3 (50 mL) and extracted with AcOEt (4×50 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with an aqueous solution saturated with NaHCO3 (30 mL), anhydrified on MgSO4 and concentrated in a vacuum. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography using AcOEt/cyclohexane as eluent in a gradient from 5:5 to 10:0. 1.05 g product were obtained, for a molar yield of 91% as a white crystalline solid. |
| 75% | With tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); 4,5-bis(diphenylphos4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthenephino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; sodium t-butanolate; In toluene; for 5h;Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | Xantphos 0.00267 g (0.0046 mmol) and Pd2(dba)3 0.00177 g (0.0031 mmol) in 15 ml of anhydrous toluene were charged in a reactor under inert atmosphere. 4-bromophenyl methyl sulfone 0.724 g (3.078 mmol) and 3-acetyl-6-methyl pyridine 0.416 g (3.079 mmol) were then added. The mixture was heated to reflux and a suspension of t-BuONa 0.71 g in 15 ml of anhydrous toluene was added dropwise over about 4 h. After about 1 h from completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was cooled to 20 C and a solution of diluted hydrochloric acid to acidic pH was added. The aqueous phase was separated and added dropwise over 1 h to a mixture of water 8.3 g, ethyl acetate 15.3 g and sodium bicarbonate 2.1 g at 60 C. At addition completed and after maintaining the temperature at 60 C for 1 h, it was checked that the pH was between 4 and 7, the mixture was cooled to 20 C filtered and dried under vacuum at 50 C. 0.67 g of the compound of formula 1 was obtained with a yield of 75 %. |
| 75% | With tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); 4,5-bis(diphenylphos4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthenephino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; sodium t-butanolate; In toluene; for 4h;Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | Xantphos 0.00267 g (0.0046 mmol) and Pd2(dba)3 0.00177 g (0.0031 mmol) in 15 ml of anhydrous toluene were charged in a reactor under inert atmosphere. 4-bromophenyl methyl sulfone 0.724 g (3.078 mmol) and 3-acetyl-6-methyl pyridine 0.416 g (3.079 mmol) were then added. The mixture was heated to reflux and a suspension of t-BuONa 0.71 g in 15 ml of anhydrous toluene was added dropwise over about 4 h. After about 1 h from completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was cooled to 20C and a solution of diluted hydrochloric acid to acidic pH was added. The aqueous phase was separated and added dropwise over 1 h to a mixture of water 8.3 g, ethyl acetate 15.3 g and sodium bicarbonate 2.1 g at 60C. At addition completed and after maintaining the temperature at 60C for 1 h, it was checked that the pH was between 4 and 7, the mixture was cooled to 20C filtered and dried under vacuum at 50 C. 0.67 g of the compound of formula 1 was obtained with a yield of 75 %. |
| 72% | With tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); 4,5-bis(diphenylphos4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthenephino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; sodium t-butanolate; In toluene; for 5h;Inert atmosphere; Reflux; | EXAMPLE 1 [0068] Synthesis of 1-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-[(4-methylsulfonyl)-phenyl]-ethanone. [0069] Xantphos 0.027 g (0.0477 mmol) and Pd2(dba)3 0.0182 g (0.0198 mmol) in 100 ml of anhydrous toluene were charged in a reactor under inert atmosphere. 4-bromophenyl methyl sulfone 9.3 g (39.7 mmol) and 3-acetyl-6-methyl pyridine 5.4 g (39.7 mmol) were then added. The mixture was heated to reflux and a suspension of t-BuONa 8.4 g in 100 ml of anhydrous toluene was added dropwise over about 4 h. After about 1 h from completion of the addition, the reaction mixture was cooled to 20 C. and a solution of diluted hydrochloric acid to acidic pH was added. The aqueous phase was separated and added dropwise over 1 h to a mixture of water 83.3 g, ethyl acetate 153 g and sodium bicarbonate 20.1 g at 60 C. At addition completed and after maintaining the temperature at 60 C. for 1 h, it was checked that the pH was between 4 and 7, the mixture was cooled to 20 C., filtered, and dried under vacuum at 50 C. 8.3 g of the compound of formula 1 were obtained with a yield of 72%. |
| With potassium phosphate tribasic trihydrate; triphenylphosphine-3,3',3"-trisulfonic acid, trisodium salt; palladium diacetate; 4,5-bis(diphenylphos4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthenephino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; In water; at 80 - 90℃; for 20h;Inert atmosphere; | Example 1 - Synthesis of 1-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-[4-(methylsulfonyl) phenyl]ethanone of formula (I). Wherein BMS = 4-bromophenylmethylsulfone. [0051] Experimental Procedure [0052] To a four-neck round-bottom 100 ml flask equipped with mechanical stirring and condenser were added at 20-25 C and under nitrogen atmosphere Xantphos, TPPTS, palladium acetate, PVP, tripotassium phosphate trihydrate, BMS, 5-acetyl-2-methylpyridine and water according to the above amounts. A vacuum/nitrogen cycle was repeated for at least three times at 20-25 C. The resulting reaction mixture was heated up to 80-90 C and stirred for at least 20 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled down to 40-50C and diluted with water (200 ml). The resulting mixture was stirred at 40-45C for 15 min. and cooled down to -5-0C. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at -5-0C for at least 2 h, then it was filtered and the cake was washed with water (3 x 50 ml) and dried at 60-65C under reduced pressure to afford crude product of formula (I) as a yellow solid (11.2g). Molar yield: 83.6%, Purity: 88.4% by HPLC A%. |

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| In a 4-neck anhydrous flask there are introduced at 20-25C 11 g of (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetate sodium of formula (II- M=Na), 200 mL of Anhydrous THF and the mixture is heated to 65-70C. Maintaining at T=65-70C there are rapidly added 21 g (0.5 equiv.) of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (about 23 mL). The mixture is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70 C then there is rapidly added, still at 65-70C, a solution of 3.6 g of methyl ester of the 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) (0.5 equiv.) in 10 mL of Anhydrous THF. After completing addition the mixture is maintained at 65-70 C for 1 hr. Maintaining at T=65-70 C there are rapidly added 21 g (0.5 equiv.) of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (about 23 mL). It is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70C then there is rapidly added, still at 65-70C, a solution of 520 mg of methyl ester of the 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) (0.075 equiv.) in 2 mL of anhydrous THF. After completing addition, the mixture is maintained at 65-70C for 1 hr. Maintaining at T=65-70 C, there are rapidly added 33.6 g (0.8 equiv.) of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (about 37 mL). The mixture is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70C then there is rapidly added, still at 65-70C, a solution of 520 mg of methyl ester of the 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) (0.075 equiv.) in 2 mL of Anhydrous THF. The mixture is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70C then it is cooled to 20-25C. The molar yield in solution is equivalent to 90%. After completing the reaction cooling is carried out at 20-25C and the reaction mixture is diluted under vigorous stirring using 100 mL of Water. Maintaining at T= 20-25 C the mixture is brought to pH=1-0 by adding about 25 mL of 32% Hydrochloric acid. Stirring is carried out at 20-25C for 0.5 hrs controlling the pH. The organic phase is put aside (recovery of the sodium salt of the acidic sulfone). The aqueous phase is washed using 2x50 mL of MTBE. The organic phases are combined to the previous ones and they are put aside (recovery of the sodium salt of the acidic sulfon). The process continues with the aqueous phase containing the product. The aqueous phase is distilled to remove the residual organic solvent. The pH of the aqueous phase is corrected up to about pH=6.5-7.5 using 25 mL of 30% NaOH. There is observed the precipitation of the product. Stirring is carried out for at least one hour at 20-25C. Filtration is carried out by washing the solid using 20 mL of purified water and 20 mL of THF. The raw product is dried in an oven at 50C for 8 hrs to obtain 7.7 g of product for a molar yield equivalent to 87%. HPLC purity 85.9% (A%) and Impurity '408'= 3.85% (A%). The (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetate of formula (II-M=Na) used in excess is recovered as follows. The organic phase obtained as described above is brought to pH=11-12 by dosing a solution of 1.25 g of NaOH in form of pearls or scales in 10 mL of Methanol. The mixture is concentrated to residue at low pressure at Tmax=40C. The residue is suspended at room temperature using 10 mL of methanol. Stirring is carried out for at least 3 hrs at room temperature. Filtration is carried out by washing using 5 mL of methanol. The raw product is dried in an oven at 50C for 8 hrs to afford 3.5 g of recovered product |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| In an anhydrified 4-neck flask there were introduced at 20-25C 5.0 g of (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetic acid of formula (IV) and 100 mL of anhydrous THF and stirring is carried out at 20-25C. 1.0 g of sodium hydride dispersion in mineral oil (60% w/w, MW: 24.00; 1.1 molar equivalents) is added in portions in about 5 minutes, ensuring that the temperature does not exceed 45-50C. After completing the addition the mixture is heated to 65-70C for 1 hr. Maintaining at T=65-70C there are rapidly added 21 g (1.0 equiv.) of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (PM116.87) (23 mL). The mixture is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70C then is rapidly added, still at 65-70C, a solution of 1.78 g (0.5 equiv.) of methyl ester of the 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) in 5 ml of Anhydrous THF. After completing the addition the mixture is maintained at 65-70C for 1 hr. Maintaining at T=65-70C there are rapidly added 10.5 g (0.5 equiv.) of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (PM 116.87) (11.5 mL). The mixture is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70C then there is rapidly added, still at 65-70C, a solution of 260 mg (0.075 equiv.) of methyl ester of 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) in 1 mL of anhydrous THF. After completing addition the mixture is maintained at 65-70 C for 1 hr. Maintaining at T=65-70 C there are rapidly added 10.5 g (0.5 equiv.) of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (PM 116.87) (11.5 mL). The mixture is left under stirring for 1 hr at 65-70 C then there is rapidly added, still at 65-70 C, a solution of 260 mg (0.075 equiv.) of methyl ester of the 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) in 1 mL of Anhydrous THF. After completing addition the mixture is maintained at 65-70 C for 1 hr. Cooling is carried out to 20-25C. The yield is calculated in solution through titration: 80%. The product is isolated according to the preceding example. It is obtained a molar yield equivalent to 73% and with 94.4% HPLC purity (A%) and amount of impurity '408' = 2.02% (A%) (see figure 4). |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 78% | With tert-butylmagnesium chloride; In tetrahydrofuran; at 65 - 70℃; for 1.5h; | In a 4-neck anhydrous flask there are introduced at 20-25C, 10.2 g of Lithium (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetate of formula (II- M=Li) (1.0 mol. equiv), 200 mL of Anhydrous THF and the mixture is heated to 65-70C (up to reflux). Maintaining at T=65-70 C there are simultaneously dosed in the mixture in about 1 hour: a) 66.0 g of t-BuMgCl 1.0 M solution in THF (about 74.2 mL) (1.6 mol. equiv.) andb) a solution of 4.64 g of the methyl ester of the 6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid of formula (III - R=Me) (0.65 mol. equiv.) in 15 mL of Anhydrous THF. After completing the addition, the mixture is stirred at 65-70 C for 30 minutes. The reaction is controlled through HPLC then it is cooled to 20-25C and the reaction mixture is diluted under vigorous stirring with 100 mL of water. Maintaining the temperature comprised in the range between 20C and 25C the mixture is brought to pH comprised between 1 and 0 by adding about 15 mL of 32% hydrochloric acid. Stirring is carried out at 20-25C for 30 minutes controlling the pH. The phases are separated by putting aside the organic phase useful for recovering the lithium (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetate. The aqueous phase is washed using 2x50 mL of MTBE and the organic phases are recombined and used for recovering the (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetate lithium. The aqueous phase is distilled at low pressure for removing the residue organic solvent. The product is precipitated under heat (40-45C) by adding 7.5 mL of 30% aqueous NaOH followed by cooling to room temperature. The product is filtered and dried in an oven under vacuum at 50C for 8 hours. There are obtained 6.9 g of product as a white solid corresponding to a 78% molar yield. HPLC purity 96.9% (A%). Impurity '408' = 0.21% (HPLC %) (Figure 3). The organic phases obtained as described above are recombined to bring to a pH comprised between 11 and 12 by adding about 1 g of LiOH monohydrate solid. The mixture is concentrated to residue at low pressure at a maximum temperature of 40C. The residue is suspended at room temperature in 2 volumes of Methanol. Stirring is carried out at room temperature for at least 3 hours. The suspension is filtered and the solid is washed using cold methanol then dried at low pressure at 90C for 8 hours, to obtain 2.5 g of (4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl acetate lithium. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| DM water (1.78 L) and concentrated sulfuric acid (3.4 kg) were stirred and heated in RBF at 25-30 C. The solution was heated to 60-65C and 3-[2-(4- (methylthio)phenyl)-2-cyanoacetyl](6-methyl)pyridine (1.25kg) was added into it in lots. The reaction mass was further heated to 95-100C and maintain till the completion of reaction. After completion of the reaction the mass was cooled to 20-25C. Acetic acid (1.96 kg) was added and cooled' to 6- 10C. 48% hydrogen peroxide (0.258kg) was added drop wise and stirred at 10-12C till the completion of reaction. After completion of the reaction, DM water (3.75 L) was added at 5- 10C and the excess hydrogen peroxide was neutralized using sodium thiosulpahte solution (0.12kg of sodium thiosulphate in 0.36 L of DM water) at 5-10C. Filter the reaction mass at 10-15 C. The filtration bed was washed with DM water (0.62 L) and the clear filtrate was taken in another RBF at 5-10C, pH was adjusted to 7.5-8.0 using ammonia solution (8.5 kg) at below 15C and stirred. The reaction mass was filtered, dried under vacuum. The wet ketosulfone (~ 2.04 kg) in 6.2 L water was heated to 50-55C and stirred. The reaction mass was cooled to 25- 30C, filtered under vacuum, washed with DM water (0.62L) and dried under vacuum at 25-30C. The product was washed under vacuum at 65-70C till moisture content comes less than 5%. |
[ 326498-10-6 ]
[ 221615-75-4 ]
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| Potassium tertiary butoxide (0.456 Kg), l-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2[4- (methylsulfonyl)- phenyl]ethanone (1.0 Kg) and 2-chloro-l,3-(bis morpholinyl) trimethinium hexafluoro phosphate of (Formula III) (1.612 Kg) were dissolved in THF (10.0 L) and the solution was heated at 30-55C for 2-24 hrs. The reaction mixture was treated with acetic acid (1.45 Kg) and basified with ammonia gas (1.2 Kg) followed by the addition of ammonium acetate (0.277 Kg). The solvent was removed by distillation under vacuum to obtain a residue. The residue was treated with toluene and water mixture followed by the removal of toluene. The residue was crystallized in isopropanol to obtain etoricoxib. The etoricoxib thus obtained was converted to its hydrochloride by treating with methanolic HCl. The etoricoxib hydrochloride was recrystallized in methanol to obtain pure etoricoxib hydrochloride. HPLC purity > 99.0%. |
[ 221615-75-4 ]

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| Sodium hydride (15 g) and l-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2[4-(methylsulfonyl)- phenyl]ethanone (100 g) were taken in dimethylformamide (200 mL) at 10C. Toluene (500 mL) and compound of (Formula PiIota-Alpha) ( 1 12.32 g) were added to the reaction mixture and stirred for 3 hours at 10C. The reaction mixture was treated with acetic acid (145.3 g) and basified with ammonia gas (277 g) followed by the addition of ammonium acetate (28.5 g). The solvent was removed by distillation under vacuum to obtain a residue. The reaction mixture was heated at 60C for 6 hours and cooled to 40C. Formaldehyde (21.6 g) was added and the reaction mixture was heated at 60C for 1 hour. The separated aqueous layer was treated with tetrahydrofuran (5 mL) and toluene (300 mL) and solvents were removed to obtain a residue. The residue was treated with toluene and water mixture followed by the removal of toluene. The residue was crystallized in isopropanol to obtain etoricoxib in the presence of seed crystals of Form-I. |
[ 221615-75-4 ]

[ 202409-33-4 ]| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 84.4% | Add compound AYTKX01 (2.0 g, 6.91 mmol, purchased from Chengdu Claymont Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., batch number 20160401) and ultra-dry tetrahydrofuran (THF, 15 ml) to a 100 mL three-necked flask, and stir under nitrogen atmosphere, temperature control 0-10 C, Potassium tert-butoxide (0.85 g, 7.60 mmol) was added in portions. The temperature was controlled at 10-20 C for 15 min, then the compound AYTKX02 (2.23 g, 7.26 mmol, purchased from Chengdu Claymont Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., batch number 20160301) was added in one time. Add 5 ml of ultra-dry tetrahydrofuran, control at 20-25 C for 1 h, pour the reaction into acetic acid (2.90 g, 48.37 mmol), and incubate at 20-25 C for 1.5 h. Concentrated ammonia water (2.66g, 76.01mmol) was added dropwise, and after heating, it was heated to 60-65 C for 2-3 h. TLC showed that the basic reaction was complete, and the mixture was allowed to stand for separation. The organic phase was added dropwise with 120 ml of saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution. The solid was precipitated, stirred under temperature, and stirred at 5-10 C for about 1 h. Filtration, washing with 5 ml of THF/H2O (1:2 (v/v)) mixed solution, vacuum drying to constant weight at 40-45 C, to obtain 2.09 g of a yellow solid, which is etoric (compound AYTKX05), yield 84.4%. After testing, the content of impurity M in AYTKX05 was 0.50%, and the purity was 96.36%. | |
| With methanesulfonic acid; ammonium acetate; propionic acid; In toluene; at 25 - 75℃; for 14 - 16h;Reflux; | n-Propionic acid (30 ml) and methanesulfonic acid (5.7gm) was added to 2-(4-methanesulfonyl- phenyl)-1-(6-methyl-pyridin-3-yl)-ethanone(10 gm) in toluene (100 ml) at 25 to 35C. The resulting mixture was heated to 70-75C to get clear solution. Vinamidinium hexaflurophophate (15.9 gm) was added, followed by ammonium acetate (18.7gm). Reaction mass was refluxed for 14-16hrs. After completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. Ethyl acetate and water was added to the reaction mass, adjusted pH to 7.5 -8.5 with ammonia solution. Salts were removed through hyflo bed and the filtrate was washed with 30% aqueous sodium chloride solution, followed by water. Ethyl acetate layer was concentrated to residue. The residue was dissolved in isopropyl alcohol and a solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid (6.55 gm) in isopropyl alcohol was added. Stirred the solution for 3-4 hrs at room temperature, followed by reflux for 1 hr. Reaction mass was slowly cooled to room temperature, the obtained solid was filtered and washed with isopropyl alcohol to gave 12.4 gm of PTSA salt of etoricoxib. PTSA salt of Etoricoxib (12.4 gm) was taken in a mixture of ethyl acetate and water, to this mixture 18-20% of aqueous ammonia (8.0 ml) solution was added. The organic layer was separated and the ethyl acetate layer was washed with 30% sodium chloride solution. Ethyl acetate layer was concentrated to get residue, isopropyl alcohol was added and then heated to 65-70C for 1hr. The reaction mixture was cooled 5-10C and the obtained solid was filtered to give pure Etoricoxib. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 1.1 g | To a suspension of 1- (6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2- (4- (methylsulfonyl)phenyl)ethanone(1.74 g) in THF (50 ml), stirring at --5C, potassium 2-methylpropan-2-olate (1.2 g) wasadded. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 30 mm. and cooled (icewater) again, before addition of methyl 2-chloro-3-(tosyloxy)acrylate (1.9 g) in portions (in 5 mm). The mixture was further stirred at 5C for 30 mm.After stirring for another 30 mm., 70 ml of ethyl ether was added. The formedsuspension was stirred for 20 mm. and the solid was filtered off (washed with 20 ml ether). The obtained solid was treated with 50 ml water and 10 ml dichloromethane (DCM) at ambient temperature for 2 hrs. Then, 50 ml of DCM was added and the separated water layer was extracted again with 25 ml of DCM. The combined DCM layers were dried and concentrated to give a crude product (1.65 g). The crude product was purified bychromatography to give a foam-like solid (1.10 g). |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 73% | With methanesulfonic acid; In 1,2-dichloro-ethane; at 80 - 100℃; for 24h; | A mixture of 2-chloro-3-hydroxyacrylaldehyde (2 g), l-(6-methylpyridin-3-yl)-2-(4- (methylsulfonyl)-phenyl)ethanone (2 g), formamide (4 ml), methanesulfonic acid (0.5 ml) and 1 ,2-dichloroethane (2 ml) was stirred (80C heating block) for 20 hrs and further stirred at (100C heating block) for 4 hrs. After cooling down to ambient temperature, water (10 ml) was added, followed by addition of ethyl acetate (25 ml) and ether (25 ml). The mixture was stirred for 15 min, and layers were separated. The water layer was extracted with ethyl acetate (50 ml). Combined organic layers were washed with water (10 ml), dried and concentrated to give a crude product (3 g). The above material was re-dissolved in ethyl acetate (30 ml) and treated with HC1 1M (10 ml) for 10 min. Separated ethyl acetate layer was extracted again with 1M HC1 (5 ml). Combined water layers were basified to pH 7 by addition of NaOH solution (2M), and extracted with ethyl acetate (50 ml). The combined ethyl acetate layers were washed with water, brine, dried and concentrated to give desired product (1.81 g, solid), yield 73%. |

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