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CAS No. : | 5834-16-2 | MDL No. : | MFCD00005430 |
Formula : | C6H6OS | Boiling Point : | - |
Linear Structure Formula : | - | InChI Key : | BSQKBHXYEKVKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
M.W : | 126.18 | Pubchem ID : | 79911 |
Synonyms : |
|
Num. heavy atoms : | 8 |
Num. arom. heavy atoms : | 5 |
Fraction Csp3 : | 0.17 |
Num. rotatable bonds : | 1 |
Num. H-bond acceptors : | 1.0 |
Num. H-bond donors : | 0.0 |
Molar Refractivity : | 34.67 |
TPSA : | 45.31 Ų |
GI absorption : | High |
BBB permeant : | Yes |
P-gp substrate : | No |
CYP1A2 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2C19 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2C9 inhibitor : | No |
CYP2D6 inhibitor : | No |
CYP3A4 inhibitor : | No |
Log Kp (skin permeation) : | -5.82 cm/s |
Log Po/w (iLOGP) : | 1.49 |
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) : | 1.76 |
Log Po/w (WLOGP) : | 1.87 |
Log Po/w (MLOGP) : | 0.75 |
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) : | 3.11 |
Consensus Log Po/w : | 1.8 |
Lipinski : | 0.0 |
Ghose : | None |
Veber : | 0.0 |
Egan : | 0.0 |
Muegge : | 1.0 |
Bioavailability Score : | 0.55 |
Log S (ESOL) : | -2.13 |
Solubility : | 0.941 mg/ml ; 0.00745 mol/l |
Class : | Soluble |
Log S (Ali) : | -2.33 |
Solubility : | 0.591 mg/ml ; 0.00469 mol/l |
Class : | Soluble |
Log S (SILICOS-IT) : | -1.96 |
Solubility : | 1.38 mg/ml ; 0.011 mol/l |
Class : | Soluble |
PAINS : | 0.0 alert |
Brenk : | 1.0 alert |
Leadlikeness : | 1.0 |
Synthetic accessibility : | 1.84 |
Signal Word: | Warning | Class: | N/A |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 | UN#: | N/A |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 | Packing Group: | N/A |
GHS Pictogram: |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
91% | With piperidine; pyridine; at 100℃; for 16h; | To a stirred solution of aldehyde (40 mmol) in pyridine (50 mL) was added malonic acid (50 mmol) followed by piperidine (2 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 100 C. for 16 h and concentrated under in vacuo. The resultant residue was poured onto aqueous 1N hydrochloric acid (100 mL). The solid was filtered off and dried under high vacuum; 3-(3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)acrylic acid (E-isomer) was prepared from 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde following Method H in 91% yield. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): 7.28 (d, J-=5.21 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (d, J=5.21 Hz, 1H), 6.14 (d, J=15.78 Hz, 1H), 2.34 (s, 3H). |
59% | With piperidine; pyridine;Reflux; | General procedure: Title compounds were prepared, as illustrated in Scheme 1, by a Knoevenangel condensation of the suitable heteroarylaldehyde with malonic acid. Malonic acid (0.01 mol) was dissolved in 1.12 mL of pyridine and the heteroaldehyde (0.01 mol) and piperidine (0.01 mol) were added. The mixture was refluxed until the emission of CO2 stopped. Then the solution was poured into 2 N HCl and then on ice. The formed precipitate was collected by filtration and recrystallized from water or from 3:1 water/ethanol mixture. If no precipitate was formed an extraction with 3 × 100 mL CHCl3 or CH2Cl2 was made and the organic phase was collected, dried over MgSO4, and evaporated to dryness affording a residue that was recrystallized from aqueous ethanol. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | In ethanol; water; at 60℃; | General procedure: To a solution of the appropriate aldehyde or ketone (1 eq.) in 50% aqueous ethanol (v/v), thiosemicarbazide (1 eq.) was added. The mixture was stirred at 60C for 2-12h, cooled at room temperature and diluted with water. The precipitate formed was collected and recrystallized from water and ethanol to give the desired product in 65-95% yield. |
84% | In ethanol; water; | General procedure: A total of 1mM of the corresponding aldehyde11a-r and12a-k was dissolved in 2mL of ethyl alcohol.The resulting solution was slowly added dropwise with stirring to a solution of 1mM thiosemicarbazide in 2mL of distilled water.The precipitate that formed was filtered off,washed with water,then air dried.The thiosemicarbazones 13a-rand14a-k obtained were isolated in58- 93%yields. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
89% | With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine hydrate; In diethylene glycol; | Step 1 2,3-Dimethylthiophene A stirred mixture of commercial 3-methylthiophenecarboxaldehyde (20 g, 0.159 mol), hydrazine hydrate (31 mL) and diethylene glycol (72 mL) was refluxed for 20 min. After cooling below 100 C., potassium hydroxide (22.9 g, 0.408 mol) was slowly added and the reaction mixture was heated at 125-130 C. for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, quenched with H2 O and extracted with ether. The combined ethereal extracts were washed with 5% aqueous HCl, brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Purification on silica gel eluding with pentane provided the title compound as an oil (15.81 g, 89%): 1 H NMR (CDC13) 6 6.97 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.77 (d, 1 H, J=8 Hz), 2.35 (s, 3 H), 2.14 (s, 3 H). |
89% | With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine hydrate; In diethylene glycol; | Step 2 2,3-Dimethylthiophene A stirred mixture of commercial 3-methylthiophenecarboxaldehyde (20 g, 0.159 mol), hydrazine hydrate (31 mL) and diethylene glycol (72 mL) was refluxed for 20 min. After cooling below 100 C., potassium hydroxide (22.9 g, 0.408 mol) was slowly added and the reaction mixture was heated at 125 -130 C. for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to ambient temperature, quenched with H2 O and extracted with ether. The combined ethereal extracts were washed with 5% aqueous HCl, brine, dried (MgSO4) and concentrated. Purification on silica gel eluding with pentane provided the title compound as an oil (15.81 g, 89%): 1 H NMR (CDCl3) delta 6.97 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.77 (d, 1 H, J=8 Hz), 2.35 (s, 3 H), 2.14 (s, 3 H). |
89% | With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine hydrate; In water; diethylene glycol; | EXAMPLE 1 2.3-Dimethyl-thiophene A mixture of 3-methyl-thiophene-carboxaldehyde (20 g, 0.159 mol), hydrazine hydrate (31 mL) and diethylene glycol (72 mL) was heated to reflux for 20 min. After cooling below 100 C., potassium hydroxide (22.9 g, 0.408 mol) was added and the reaction mixture was heated at 125-130 C. for 1.5 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and added to water. This aqueous mixture was extracted with ether and the ether phase was washed with 5% aqueous HCl and brine. After drying (magnisium sulfate) the solvent was removed and the oil was flash chromatograghed (pentane as eluent) to provide the title compound as an oil (15.81 g, 89%): NMR (CDCl3); delta6.97 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 6.77 (d, 1H, J=8 Hz), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.14 (s, 3H). |
<strong>[5834-16-2]3-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde</strong> (Aldrich, 90% GC purity) (40 g) was dissolved in diethylene glycol (144 [ML)] and hydrazine hydrate (62 ml) was added slowly. The reac- tion mixture was refluxed (about [126C)] for 30 minutes. The solution was cooled to 30- [40C] and potassium hydroxide (46 g) was then added portionwise. The solution was then slowly heated to reflux and stirred at this temperature for one and a half hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into cold water (1 L), acidified to pH 2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid (about 150 mi) and extracted with methylene chloride [(2X100] [ML).] The combined organic phases were dried over anhy- drous sodium sulphate. The solid was filtered off and washed with methylene chloride (20 [ML)] and the 2, [3-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE] solution was used directly without further purifi- cation (88.2% GC purity). | ||
With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine hydrate; In ethylene glycol; | 2,3-dimethylthiophene (5). Heating a mixture of 3-methyl-2-thiophene carboxaldehyde, 4 (58.6 g, 464 mmole), 80% hydrazine hydrate (97 mL, 1.62 mole) and 200 mL ethylene glycol to an internal temperature of 130-160 C. caused hydrazine and water to distil. The reaction mixture was cooled to below 60 C. and the water-immiscible fraction of the distillate was returned to the flask. The addition of KOH (91.0 g, 1.62 mole) and reheating caused vigorous gas evolution when the temperature reached 90-100 C. Reflux continued for 15 minutes after gas evolution ceased; steam distillation then separated 5. Product in the distillate was extracted into ether, the extract washed with 6 N HCl, dried over CaC12 and evaporated. Distillation over sodium gave 5 as a colorless oil, bp 139.5-140.5, yield 39.8 g, 77%. 1H NMR (CDCl3) delta: 2.21, s, 3H, CH3; 2.41, s, 3H, CH3,; 6.84, d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H, H-4, 7.03, d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H, H-5. 13C NMR (CDCl3) delta: 13.0, 13.6, 120.6, 129.9, 132.6, 133.0. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
27.22% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; water; at 20℃; | General procedure: A mixture of desired substituted acetophenone (2a-g) (0.02 mol), 3-methyl-2-thiophene carboxaldehyde (1) (0.02 mol) and aqueous potassium hydroxide (30 %, 0.006 mol) was dissolved in methanol (25 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, the solid product was separated, washed, dried to obtain the corresponding chalcones (3a-g) by re-crystallization. Completion of the reaction was monitored by TLC [16]. 2.1.2.1. (E)-3-(3-methylthiophen-2-yl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (3a) Yellow solid, yield: (1.99 g, 27.22 %). M.p: 56-61C IR(cm-1): 3089 (C-H-sp2 stretching of aromatic ring), 2925(CH-sp3), 1655 (C=O), 1583, 1572, 1445 (C=C aromaticring). 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta 2.40 ( s, 3H, H-6), 6.93(d, 1H, H-4, J = 4.8 Hz), 7.28-7.35 (m, 2H, H-5, H-alpha), 7.50-7.55 (m, 2H, H-3?, H-5?), 7.57-7.60 (m, 1H, H-4?), 8.02-8.10 (m, 3H, H-2?, H-6?and H-beta). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): delta 14.34 (C-6), 119.69 (C-alpha), 127.39 (C-5), 128.38 (C-2?, C-6?), 128.62 (C-3?, C-5?), 131.49 (C-4), 132.73 (C-4?), 134.56(C-2), 135.62 (C-beta), 138.28 (C-1?), 142.89 (C-3), 189.83 (C=O). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
99% | With sodium tetrahydroborate; In ethanol; toluene; at 0 - 20℃; | Step 1: (3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)methanolSodium borohydride (718 mg, 19.02 mmol) was added portionwise, at 0C, to a solution of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde (2.0 g, 15.85 mmol) in a mixture of ethanol and toluene (1 : 1, 12 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred 2 hours at room temperature and then partitioned between ethyl acetate (15 mL) and water (15 mL). The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 45 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with a saturated solution of sodium chloride (1 x 10 mL), dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated under vacuum to give the title product as a pink oil (2.24 g, 99%).1 NMR (CDCI3, 400 MHz) : delta (ppm) : 7.16 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (d, J = 5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.76 (S, 2H), 2.23 (S, 3H). |
95% | With sodium tetrahydroborate; In ethanol; at 0 - 20℃; for 1h; | As shown in Reaction Scheme 3, 3-methyl-2-thiophene-carboxaldehyde (40 g, 317 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (500 mL) at 0 C., and sodium borohydride (22 g, 581 mmol) was then gradually added thereto. The solution was warmed to room temperature, followed by reaction for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC, unreacted sodium borohydride was inactivated using water and aqueous ammonium chloride, followed by ethyl acetate extraction. An organic layer was washed with water (200 mL×2). The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, thus affording the title compound 3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methanol (3a). Yield: 95%.1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): 7.14 (d, 2H, J=8.6 Hz), 6.82 (d, 1H, J=5.2 Hz), 4.74 (s, 2H), and 2.22 (s, 3H). |
95% | Step 1: Preparation of (3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methanol (3a)As shown in Reaction Scheme 3, 3-methyl-2-thiophene-carboxaldehyde (40 g, 317 mmol) was dissolved in ethanol (500 mL) at 0C, and sodium borohydride (22 g, 581 mmol) was then gradually added thereto. The solution was warmed to room temperature, followed by reaction for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC, unreacted sodium borohydride was inactivated using water and aqueous ammonium chloride, followed by ethyl acetate extraction. An organic layer was washed with water (200 mL X 2). The organic layer was separated, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filtered under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, thus affording the title compound 3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methanol (3a).Yield: 95%. <n="48"/>1H NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz): 7.14(d, 2H, J=8.6Hz), 6.82(d, IH, J=5.2Hz), 4.74(s, 2H), and 2.22(s, 3H). |
89% | To a stirred solution of aldehyde (40 mmol) in a mixture of methanol (15 mL) and THF (50 mL) at 0 C. was added solid NaBH4 (40 mmol) portion wise over a 5 min period. The resultant reaction mixture was stirred at 0 C. for additional 30 min and quenched with addition of saturated NH4Cl solution. The aqueous layer was extracted with ether, the ether layer was dried over MgSO4, and concentrated in vacuo to yield the corresponding alcohol. The alcohol was used in the next step without further purification; (3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)methanol was obtained from 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde in 89% yield according to Method D. | |
88% | With methanol; sodium tetrahydroborate; at 0℃; for 0.5h; | (45-1) Preparation of (3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methanol (Compound 3) 3-Methyl-2-thiophen-carboxaldehyde (1.00 g, 7.93 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (16 mL), and the reaction mixture was cooled to 0 C., and then sodium borohydride (0.60 g, 15.86 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 30 min, and water (30 mL) was sequentially added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract was washed with saline, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash column chromatography (ethyl acetate:hexanes=20:80), to obtain the title compound (0.89 g, 88%). 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) delta 7.17 (d, 1H, thiophene), 6.84 (d, 1H, thiophene), 4.76 (d, 2H, J=4.92 Hz, CH2), 2.25 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.66 (t, 1H, J=5.43 Hz, OH); IR (neat): 3320, 3100, 3060, 2918, 2861, 1555, 1430, 1383, 1368, 1353, 1300, 1231, 1171, 1032, 996, 932, 876, 832, 703, 663 cm-1; MS (ESI+) m/z 128.19 [M+]. |
With sodium borohydrid; In ethanol; acetone; | (a) 2-Hydroxymethyl-3-methylthiophene Sodium borohydride (166 mg) was added portionwise over 3 mins to a stirred solution of 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarbaldehyde (0.43 ml) in ethanol (5 ml). After 25 mins acetone (1 ml) was added and then after a further 5 mins the reaction mixture was concentrated to ca 5 ml. The residue was diluted with water (20 ml) and extracted with diethyl ether (20 ml, 2*10 ml). The combined extracts were dried and evaporated to a brown liquid (490 mg). The liquid was subjected to collumn chromatography on silica (70-230 mesh) (50 g) developing with chloroform. This gave a pale brown liquid, the title thiophene (351 mg), lambdamax 237 nm (E11 538). | |
With sodium borohydrid; In ethanol; | EXAMPLE 50 2-hydroxymethyl-3-methylthiophene 0.95 G. (0.025 mol) of sodium borohydride were added in portions to a solution of 12.6 g. (0.1 mol) of 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde in 150 ml. of ethanol. The resulting reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hr., poured into ice water and extracted with ether. The organic phase was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution, dried and evaporated. The residue was distilled to yield 2-hydroxymethyl-3-methylthiophene, b.p. 46 C./0.3 mm. | |
With sodium tetrahydroborate; In tetrahydrofuran; at 10 - 20℃; for 3h; | Sodium borohydride (6.0 g, 158.5 mmol, 2 equiv.) was suspended in dry tetrahydrofuran under an inert atmosphere. At 10 C. a solution of 3-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (10 g, 79.2 mmol, 1 equiv.) in dry tetrahydrofuran was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at room temp. for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was quenched with diluted acid and filtered. The filtrate was extracted with diethyl ether. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate dihydrate, filtered and evaporated. Kugelrohr distillation of the crude product gave 8.33 g of the title compound as a light yellow oil. GC-MS (EI) M=128 | |
Example 6262.1 62.2[04271 (3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)methanoI (62.2).; To a solution of 3- methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde 62.1 (3.17 g, 25.1 mmol) in MeOH (100 mL) was added NaBH4 (1.05 g, 27.6 mmol) as a solid in one portion. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at room temperature and concentrated. The residue was <n="186"/>suspended in IN HCl and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried (Na2SO4), and concentrated. The crude product was chromatographed on silica gel (0-35% EtOAc/hexane) to afford 62.2 as a pale yellow liquid. 1H NMR (400 MHz7 CDCl3) delta 7.17 (d, IH), 6.84 (d, IH)5 4.76 (s, 2H), 2.25 (s, 3H). | ||
With sodium tetrahydroborate; In methanol; at 0 - 35℃; for 12h; | (i) NaBH4, MeOH, 0C to 20-35C, 12h; |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
A solution of 3-methylthiophene (6.76 mL, 70 mmol) in ether (70 mL) was treated with n-butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, 28.6 mL, 71.4 mmol) at such a rate that a slight reflux was maintained. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 15 min and then DMF (7.0 mL, 91 mmol) in ether (30 mL) was added. After stirring for 4 h, the reaction was quenched with addition of satd aq NH4Cl (200 mL). The organic layer was separated, washed with brine and then H2O, dried over Na2SO4, and concentrated. Column chromatography (SiO2, 5-10% EtOAc/hexanes) provided a mixture of 4-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and 3-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (4.4:1, 8.1 g, 92%) as a light yellow oil. TLC (silica, 10% EtOAc/hexanes): Rf=0.55. For 4-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): 9.95 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=1.2 Hz, 1H), 7.37-7.35 (m, 1H), 2.32 (s, 3H). For 3-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde: 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): 10.02 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=4.6 Hz, 1H), 2.58 (s, 3H). | ||
4-Methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde A solution of 3-methylthiophene (58.90 g, 0.60 mol) (Fluka) in anhydrous ether (600 mL) was stirred and cooled in an ice-water bath. This solution was treated dropwise over 15 minutes with n-butyllithium in pentane (2 M, 450 mL, 0.90 mol) (Aldrich). After stirring for 2 hours at room temperature the mixture was cooled in an ice-water bath and treated dropwise over 5 minutes with N,N-dimethylformamide (48.24 g, 0.66 mol) (Fisher) followed by stirring at room temperature over night. The mixture was diluted with ether (600 mL) and washed with water and brine. After drying (sodium sulfate) ether was filtered and evaporated on a rotary evaporator without vacuum to give 114 g of red liquid. This liquid was purified by chromatography over a pad of silica gel 60 (1 Kg, 70-230 mesh) eluding with 40% dichloromethane-hexanes. Evaporation without vacuum gave a mixture of 4-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde (approximately 5:1) as a light red oil. (Yield 56.62 g, 74.7%). | ||
To a stirred solution of 3-methylthiophene (9.8 g, 100 mmol) in anhydrous THF (100 mL) at -78 C. was added n-BuLi (44 mL, 2.5 M solution in hexanes, 110 mmol) drop wise. After completion of addition, the reaction mixture was stirred at -78 C. for an additional 1 h, then quenched with DMF (20 mL). The reaction mixture was allowed to attain room temperature, concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was suspended in water. The aqueous layer was extracted with ether, the organic layer dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated. The resultant residue was purified on silica gel column chromatography using 10% ethyl acetate in hexanes as an eluent to afford 4-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (major product) and 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (minor product) (6.5 g, 3:1 ratio). This product was used without further purification in the subsequent step. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
88% | With toluene-4-sulfonic acid; In toluene; at 60℃; for 2h; | Example 160 (E)-N-{2-[2-(1H-indazol-3-yl)vinyl]phenyl}(3-methylthiophen-2-ylmethylene)amine (Compound 160) Compound 2 (0.060 g, 0.25 mmol) was dissolved in toluene (3.0 mL) and the solution was added with 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde (55muL, 0.51 mmol), p-toluenesulfonic acid (small amount), followed by stirring at 60C for 2 hours. Then, the reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was sequentially washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated in ethanol to obtain Compound 160 (76 mg, 88%). 1H-NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-d6) delta 3.31 (s, 3H), 7.07 (t, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.48 (m, 4H), 7.54 (d, J = 16.7 Hz, 1H), 7.56 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.78 (d, J = 5.1 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H), 8.04 (d, J = 16.7 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 1H), 8.77 (s, 1H), 13.1 (br, 1H). APCI-MS (m/z); 345 [M+H]+ |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In toluene;Heating / reflux; | A 100 mL round bottom flask equipped with Dean-Stark trap was charged with <strong>[6030-36-0]4-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde</strong> (5.93 mL, 55 mmol), 2,2-diethoxyethanamine (6.31 g, 50 mmol), and toluene (30 mL). The resulting solution was refluxed overnight, at which time the theoretical amount of water had been collected. The reaction was concentrated under vacuum to an oil, which was used in the following step without further purification |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With potassium hydroxide; mesitylenesulfonylhydroxylamine; | EXAMPLE 71 7-Bromo-2-(3-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-ylamine The title compound, MS m/e (%): 309 (M+, 100), was prepared in accordance with the general method of example 63 from <strong>[329974-09-6]4-bromo-pyridine-2,6-diamine</strong>, O-mesitylene-sulfonylhydroxylamine, and 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde. The purification was performed with reversed phase HPLC eluting with an acetonitrile/water gradient. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene; In dichloromethane; at 0 - 20℃; | A stirred solution of N- (benzyloxycarbonyl)-a-phosphonoglycine trimethyl ester (5.01 g, 15.1 mmol) and 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde (7.5 : 1 mixture with [4-METHYLTHIOPHENE-] 2-carbaldehyde, 2.48 g, [19.] 6 mmol) in dry dichloromethane (100 mL), was cooled to [0 C] and treated dropwise with DBU (2.76 g, 18.1 [MMOL).] The mixture was warmed to ambient temperature and stirred overnight. The solution was concentrated, taken up in ethyl acetate (150 mL) and washed with 5% hydrochloric acid (2 x 75 mL). The organic extract was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2 x 75 mL), water (75 mL), dried (magnesium sulfate), filtered and evaporated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (20-40% ethyl acetate/hexanes gradient) to afford the title compound (4.07 g, [81%)] as an orange oil. The product is a mixture of 3-and 4-methylthiophene isomers (6.8 : 1). 'H NMR major isomer: (300 MHz, d6-DMSO) [82.] 33 (s, 3H), 3.72, (s, 3H), 5.13 (bs, 2H), 7.01 (d, 1H, J=5.3 Hz), 7. [18-7.] 52 (m, 5H), 7.60-7. 85 [(M,] 2H), 8.83 (s, 1H). MS APCI, m/z 354 (M+Na). LC/MS: 2.43 min. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
A 1000 mL round bottom flask under nitrogen was charged with ether (500 mL, anhydrous), and nBuLi (163 mL, 325 mmol), then cooled to 0 C., where 3-methylthiophene (28.4 mL, 295 mmol) was added dropwise over 15 min. This solution was stirred for 2 hr at room temperature. To the anion was added dropwise a solution of DMF (30 mL, 384 mmol) dissolved in ether (100 mL, anhydrous). The resulting solution was stirred overnight at room temperature. Reaction progress was monitored by TLC (20% ethyl acetate/hexanes). Work-up: the mixture was poured onto ice, washed with HCl (1N aq.), NaHCO3 (1N aq.), brine, dried with MgSO4, concentrated, and distilled under high vacuum. The product was collected at 92 C., had a mass of 30.6 g, 82% yield. It contained 17% of the 3-methyl isomer as indicated by NMR. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) delta 9.87 (s, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.37 (s, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
72% | With bromine; In chloroform; at 0 - 20℃; | Following the preparation as described in U.S. Publication No. 2006/0199836, Br2 (3.67 mL, 71.3 mmol) was added to a solution of 3- methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde (8.55 mL, 71.3 mmol) in chloroform (59.4 mL) dropwise at 0 0C over a period of 20 min. The reaction was allowed to slowly warm to room temperature and stir for 2 h. The brown/red solution was diluted with 150 mL of CH2Cl2 and washed with water, 1.5 M K2HPO4 and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, hexanes: EtOAc, 100:0 to 50:50) to afford 13.9 g (72 % yield) of the title compound as a brown solid: 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) delta 9.91 (s, 1 H), 6.97 (s, 1 H), 2.54 (s, 3 H); HPLC retention time: 2.718 min., LCMS (ES): m/z 207 [M+H]+. |
66% | With bromine; In dichloromethane; | Method N: 5-Bromo-3-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde A solution of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde (10 g, 0.079 mol) in dichloromethane (10 ml) was added dropwise to a stirred solution of bromine (4.08 ml, 0.079 mol) in dichloromethane (15 ml) at room temperature. The resulting mixture was heated to reflux temperature for 3 hours before cooling to room temperature, washed with water (3*50 ml), saturated NaHCO3 solution (2*25 ml), dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to give the sub-title compound as a brown solid (14.7 g, 66% yield): 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) deltaH 2.60 (3H, s), 6.97 (1H, s) 9.20 (1H, s). |
65% | With bromine; In chloroform; at 0℃; for 0.333333h; | Following the preparation as described in U.S. Publication NO.2006/0199836, Br2 (7.34 mL, 0.14 mol) was added to a solution of 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde (17.1 mL, 0.14 mol) in chloroform (118 mL) dropwise at 0 C over a period of 20 min. The reaction was allowed to slowly warm to room temperature and stirfor 2 h. The brown/red solution was diluted with 150 mL of CH2Cl2 and washed with water, 1.5 M K2HPO4 and brine. The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (silica gel, hexanes:EtOAc,100:0e50:50) to afford 25.1 g (65% yield) of the title compound as a brown solid: |
63.1% | With bromine; In chloroform; at 0℃; for 4h;Reflux; | 11(50.00 g, 0.40 mol) was dissolved inchloroform (300 ml). Bromine (66.50 g, 0.42 mol) was slowly addeddropwise at 0 C. The resulting mixture was heated under reflux for 4 hours. The reaction mixturewas diluted with CH2Cl2 (60 ml). Theorganic phase was washed with H2O (50 ml) and saturatedaqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50 ml), driedover Na2SO4, and filtrated, then the solvent wasevaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silicagel column chromatography (petroleum: ethyl acetate 30:1~20:1) to give 12 (51.80g, 63.1%) as a brown solid: mp 55-57 C. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) delta9.89 (s, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 2.52 (s, 3H). MS (EI) m/z: 204 (M+). |
With bromine; In chloroform; at 0 - 20℃; for 2h;Heating / reflux; | a) 5-Bromo-3-methyl-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde Bromine (104 mL, 2.02 mol) was added dropwise to a 0 C. solution of 255 g of 3-methylthiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (2.02 mol) in 1.7 L of chloroform cooled with an external ice bath. After the addition was complete, the mixture was allowed to slowly warm to room temperature, and then heated at reflux temperature for 2 hours. The red mixture was diluted with 1 L methylene chloride and successively washed with water, saturated bicarbonate solution, and brine. The organic fraction was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and concentrated to a red oil. The crude oil was then vacuum distilled to isolate fractions which eluted at 101-106 C. at ca. 2 torr, which produced 301 g of a pale yellow-green solid. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 200 MHz): delta=9.87 (s, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H) 2.53 (s, 3H). | |
With bromine; In chloroform; ethyl acetate; | PRODUCTION EXAMPLE 37 5-(1H-Imidazol-1-yl)-3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde STR137 26 g of 3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde was dissolved in 100 ml of chloroform and the solution was stirred by cooling with ice 11 ml of bromine was added dropwise thereto. The temperature was elevated to room temperature and the mixture was stirred overnight. About 1 l of ethyl acetate was added thereto and the mixture was washed with water, then with a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate solution and finally with a saturated aqueous common salt solution. After drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to give 46.8 g of 5-bromo-3-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde in the form of a dark brown solid, which was subjected to the subsequent reaction without purification. | |
With bromine; In chloroform; | Cpd M2 was prepared from cpd M1 (J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans 2, 1972, 1866) following the same procedure as for cpd G1a. Cpd M2 was obtained as a white crystalline solid (65%): 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) delta 10.05 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.67 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 2.61 (s, 3H); MS (ES) m/z: 293 (M+Na+). | |
With bromine; In dichloromethane; at 0 - 70℃; for 4h; | Step 1 : 5-Bromo-3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde: To 0 C cooled solution of 3- methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde (10.0 g, 79.3 mmol, 1.0 eq) in DCM (100 mL) was added drop wise a solution of bromine (12.6 g, 79.3 mmol, 1.0 eq) and the resulting mixture was stirred 70 C for 4 h. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and diluted with DCM (100 mL). The resulting organic layer was washed with water (100 mL), saturated sodium bicarbonate solution (100 mL), brine (100 mL), dried (Na2S04) and filtered. The filtrate was rotary evaporated to afford 1 1 g of the desired product as a brown solid. 1HNMR (400 MHz, CDC13) delta 9.87 (s, 1H), 6.93 (s, 1H), 2.51 (s, 3H); ESI-MS (m/z) 205, 207 [(MH)+, Br79, 81]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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A solution of 3-methylthiophene (58.90 g, 0.60 mol) (Fluka) in anhydrous ether (600 ml_) was stirred and cooled in an ice - water bath. This solution was treated dropwise over 15 minutes with n-butyllithium in pentane (2 M, 450 ml_, 0.90 mol) (Aldrich). After stirring for 2 hours at room temperature the mixture was cooled in an ice - water bath and treated dropwise over 5 minutes with N,N- dimethylformamide (48.24 g, 0.66 mol) (Fisher) followed by stirring at room temperature over night. The mixture was diluted with ether (600 ml_) and washed with water and brine. After drying (sodium sulfate) ether was filtered and evaporated on a rotary evaporator without vacuum to give 114 g of red liquid. This liquid was purified by chromatography over a pad of silica gel 60 (1 Kg, 70- EPO <DP n="32"/>230 mesh) eluting with 40% dichloromethane - hexanes. Evaporation without vacuum gave a mixture of 4-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde and 3-methyl-2- thiophenecarboxaldehyde (approximately 5:1 ) as a light red oil. (Yield 56.62 g, 74.7%). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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Example 12 Tert-butyl 8-[(3-methyl-2-thienyl)methyl]-2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2-carboxylate To a 1% acetic acid-dimethylformamide (10 mL) solution of <strong>[336191-17-4]ter<strong>[336191-17-4]t-butyl 2,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2-carboxylate</strong></strong> (1.28 g) and 3-methylthiophene-2-carboaldehyde (700 mg), sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.96 g) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. To the reaction solution, an aqueous 5N sodium hydroxide solution (10 mL) was added. The aqueous layer was washed twice with dichloromethane (100 mL) The combined organic layer was washed with saturated sodium chloride solution (50 mL) and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After removing the anhydrous magnesium sulfate by filtration, the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate = 1:1 ? 1:3) to obtain the title compound (1.14 g) having the following physical properties. TLC:Rf 0.23(ethyl acetate:methanol=1:2); NMR(CDCl3):delta 1.45 (s, 9H), 1.50-1.75 (m, 6H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.25-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.45-2.63 (m, 2H), 3.06-3.22 (m, 2H), 3.28-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.60 (s, 2H), 6.76 (d, J=5.1Hz, 1H) 7.10 (d, J=5.1Hz, 1H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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78.6% | 3.85 ml of 35.66mM 3-methyl-2-thiophene-carboxaldehyde was added to iced 35.66mM 85% KOH solution prepared by dissolving 2.35g of KOH in 10 ml of water and 60 ml of MeOH. The solution was allowed to reaction. After 10 minutes, 4.0ml of 35.66mM 2-acetyl pyridine was added thereto, stirred in ice bath for 3 hours and subjected to filtration to obtain their residue. The residue was washed with 40 mM cold methanol and subjected to further purification by Silica gel column chromatography (developing solvent, EtOAc: n-hexane= 1: 3, v/v) to obtain 6.43g of green color of 3-(3-methyl-l-thiophen-2-yl)-l-pyridin-2-yl-propenone (16) (Yield: 78.6%): [217] [218] mp 100.1-111.6 C [219] TLC R = 0.60 (EtOAc: n-hexane= 1: 2, v/v) [220] ¹H-NMR (250 MHz, CDCl3: 8.74 (ddd, J = 4.8, 1.7, 0.9Hz, 1 H, pyridine H-6), 8.18 (dt, J = 8.0, l.OHz, 1 H, pyridine H-3), 8.15 (d, J = 15.7Hz, 1 H,-CH=CH-CO-), 8.02 (d, J = 15.6Hz, 1 H,-CH=CH-CO-), 7.87 (dt, J = 7.7,1.7Hz, 1 H, pyridine H-4), 7.48 (ddd, J = 7.5, 4.8, 1.2Hz, 1 H, pyridine H-5), 7.33 (d, J = 5.1Hz, I H, thiophene H-5), 6.91 (d, J = 5.1Hz, I H, thiophene H-4) |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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76% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 0 - 20℃; for 24.5h; | General procedure: The general synthetic strategy employed to prepare the bichalcones through the piperazine Mannich base linkage analogs were based on the Claisen-Schmidt condensation. As shown in Scheme 2, a series of 23 bichalcones were prepared by base-catalyzed condensation of substituted Mannich bases of acetophenones with appropriate aldehydes in MeOH. To a stirred reaction mixture at 0 C was added a 30% solution of KOH (40 mL) dropwise over 30 min. The reaction mixture was kept at rt for 24 h, then diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. Pure target compounds were obtained by silica gel column chromatography (cc) of the residue eluting with various solvent mixtures as indicated below. The structures of all the 23 bichalcones through the piperazine Mannich base linkage analogs were established on the basis of IR, 1H, 13C NMR, FABMS and HRFABMS. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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65% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 0 - 20℃; for 24.5h; | General procedure: The general synthetic strategy employed to prepare the bichalcones through the piperazine Mannich base linkage analogs were based on the Claisen-Schmidt condensation. As shown in Scheme 2, a series of 23 bichalcones were prepared by base-catalyzed condensation of substituted Mannich bases of acetophenones with appropriate aldehydes in MeOH. To a stirred reaction mixture at 0 C was added a 30% solution of KOH (40 mL) dropwise over 30 min. The reaction mixture was kept at rt for 24 h, then diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. Pure target compounds were obtained by silica gel column chromatography (cc) of the residue eluting with various solvent mixtures as indicated below. The structures of all the 23 bichalcones through the piperazine Mannich base linkage analogs were established on the basis of IR, 1H, 13C NMR, FABMS and HRFABMS. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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83.4% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; at 20℃; | General Method B [48] H.I. El-Subbagh, S.M. Abu-Zaid, M.A. Mahran, F.A. Badria and A.M. Al-Obaid, Synthesis and biological evaluation of certain alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones and their corresponding fused pyridines as antiviral and cytotoxic agents, J. Med. Chem. 43 (2000), pp. 2915-2921. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (130)[48]An aldol condensation between 4-piperidine hydrochloride monohydrate and the appropriate aryl aldehyde was performed at a molar ratio 1:2 respectively, in alcoholic NaOH (10% w/v). The solution was stirred at room temperature. The progress of the reaction was monitored using TLC. The separated solid was filtered, washed with water and recrystallized from the 95% aqueous ethanol. |
80% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; for 0.75h;Heating; | General Procedure: To a solution of piperidin-4-one hydrochloride (0.01 mol) in ethanol (20 mL) appropriate thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde (0.02 mol) and sodium hydroxide solution (20%, 5 mL) were added. The mixture was warmed on a water bath with stirring for 45 min. Then it was allowed to cool to room temperature. The solid obtained was recrystallized from 95% ethanol. The yield and melting points are as follows: 1a, 82%, 226 C; 1b, 80%, 172 C; 1c, 70%, 224 C. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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78% | General procedure: Into a 25 mL round bottomed flask, a mixture of anilines (1 mmol) and aromatic aldehydes (1 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL) was taken and left for stirring for 10 min at room temperature. Then, both enol ether (1 mmol) and the catalyst ferric sulfate (0.042 g, 10 mol %) were added successively into the above reaction mixture. Finally, the reaction flask is fitted with a reflux condenser and kept for refluxing in an oil-bath. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was separated by filtration and usual work-up procedure was followed to obtain the crude products. The products 3 and 4 were eluted in ethyl acetate/hexane (05:95) in 78-92 yield after column chromatographic separation. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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74% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: A solution of 50% KOH (40 mL) was added drop-wise to a well-stirred mixture of 2a (5.0 mmol) and different substituted aldehydes (10.0 mmol) in MeOH at room temperature. After 24-36 h, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and 5% HCl (50-70 mL) was added to the residue. After extraction with EtOAc, the organic layer was washed with brine, dried (Na2CO3), and then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel, eluting with 50-50% EtOAc in hexanes, to afford bis-chalcones 3-13. Reaction of 2a with one equivalent of aldehyde under the above conditions gave compounds 14-16. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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90% | With 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-triazine; water; In neat (no solvent); at 60℃; for 0.25h;Sonication; Green chemistry; | General procedure: A mixture of aldehyde (5 mmol), urea (6 mmol), ethyl/benzyl acetoacetate (5 mmol) and TCT (10 mol%) was mixed thoroughly in a petri dish at room temperature.Then the reaction mixture was irradiated in the ultrasonicbath at 60 C in open air for the time specified in Table 2. After completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC), the residue obtained was washed with water (4 × 25 ml) and then filtered. The formed solid was collected, dried and recrystallized from ethanol which afforded the desired 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones in excellent purity forfurther characterizations. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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91% | With solid silica-based sulfonic acid; In neat (no solvent); at 90℃;Microwave irradiation; Green chemistry; | General procedure: The mixture of ethyl acetoacetate (2.5 mmol), aldehyde (2.5 mmol), urea or thiourea (2.5 mmol), and solid silica-based sulfonic acid (3 mol % of SO3H) was subjected to microwave irradiation in solvent-free condition for appropriate time (Table 1) in 900 W microwave oven for 6-7 min (successive irradiation of 30-40 s with cooling intervals of time as the temperature being 90 C). After completion of the reaction as indicated by TLC, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 mL) and then solid silica-based sulfonic acid was separated by simple filtration due to its heterogeneous nature. The product was obtained after removal of the EtOAc under reduced pressure followed by treatment with water and crystallization from EtOH. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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74% | General procedure: Into an oven dried 25 mL round bottomed flask was taken a mixture of o-phenylenediamine (1.0 mmol) and beta-ketoesters (1.0 mmol) in 3 mL of dichloroethane. Then, organocatalyst 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (34 mg, 0.2 mmol) was added into it and the reaction mixture was kept for stirring at room temperature. After 2 h of stirring, aromatic aldehyde (1 mmol) was added into it and the reaction mixture was refluxed in a pre-heated oil-bath. After completion of the reaction, dichloroethane was removed in a rotary evaporator and the crude residue was purified through a silica gel column chromatography. The desired product 4 was obtained in good yield after eluting with ethyl acetate and hexane (1:9) mixture. Compound 4a:8b Yield = 0.230 g (70%), pale yellow oily, IR (KBr) numax 1161, 1232, 1266, 1489, 1588, 1615, 1648, 2851, 2925, 3365 cm-1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta 2.51-2.64 (m, 2H), 3.66 (br s, 3H), 4.52 (s, 1H), 4.84 (dd, J = 7.6, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.90-7.0 (m, 3H), 7.30 (br s, 4H), 10.17 (br s, 1H) ppm. 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): delta 40.1, 50.6, 64.7, 84.4, 121.2, 122.2, 122.7, 125.3, 127.8, 129.0, 130.4, 133.8, 138.0, 143.1, 158.3, 170.7 ppm. HRMS (ESI) calcd for C18H17ClN2O2 [M+H]+: m/z = 329.1057; found: 329.1042. Anal. Calcd for C18H17ClN2O2: C, 65.75; H, 5.21; N, 8.52; found C, 65.54; H, 5.06; N, 8.38. Compound 4n: Yield = 0.212 g (62%), crystalline solid, mp 116-119 C, IR (KBr) numax 1161, 1234, 1435, 1505, 1618, 1644, 1725, 2949, 3444 cm-1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta 1.28 (t, 3H), 2.56 (dd, J = 14.0 Hz, 8.0 Hz, 1H), 2.61 (dd, J = 14.0 Hz, 5.2 Hz, 1H), 3.64 (s, 1H), 4.11-4.18 (m, 2H), 4.54 (s, 1H), 4.83-4.87 (m, 1H), 6.78 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.91-7.01 (m, 3H), 7.32 (s, 4H), 10.20 (br s, 1H) ppm. 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): delta 14.7, 40.1, 59.1, 64.7, 84.8, 121.07, 122.2, 122.7, 125.2, 127.8, 129.1, 130.5, 133.8, 137.9, 143.2, 158.1, 170.4 ppm. HRMS (ESI) calcd for C19H19ClN2O2 [M+H]+: m/z = 343.1213; found: 343.1196. Anal. Calcd for C19H19ClN2O2: C, 66.57; H, 5.59; N, 8.17; found C, 66.46; H, 5.48; N, 8.08. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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75% | With fluoroboric acid adsorbed on silica; In neat (no solvent); at 150℃;Microwave irradiation; | General procedure: To a 50 mL dried conical flask were added beta-naphthol (5.0 mmol, 1 equiv), aldehyde (5.0 mmol, 1 equiv), active methylene substrate (5.0 mmol, 1 equiv) and 5 mol% of silicated flouroboric acid. The resulting mixture was placed into the microwave reactor and exposed to microwave radiation in a microwave synthesizer operating at 150C with the maximum microwave power of 400W for the synthesis of target compound. On completion of the reaction mixture, the crude mixture was dissolved in methanol and adsorbed on silica (60-120). The desired product was purified by column chromatography with increasing percentage of ethyl acetate in hexane as eluting solvent.Methyl-3-methyl-1-(thiophen-2-yl)-1H-benzo(f)chromene-2-carboxylate (NP-19): Yield 76%; mp:130-131C, 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400MHz, delta, TMS=0): 7.99 (1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.81 (1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.77 (1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.48 (1H, m), 7.41 (1H, m), 7.28 (1H, d, J=8Hz), 7.03 (1H, d, J=4Hz), 6.77 (1H, dd, J=2 and 4Hz), 6.70 (1H, d, J=4Hz), 6.01 (1H, s), 3.85 (3H, s), 2.51(3H, s); 13C NMR (CDCl3 , 100MHz , delta, TMS=0): 19.59, 32.85, 51.48, 106.57, 116.57, 117.02. 123.00, 124.07, 124.62, 124.94, 126.41, 126.98, 128.48, 128.95, 130.82, 131.24, 147.85, 149.03, 160.90, 167.39. Anal. Calcd for C20H16O3S: C, 71.41; H, 4.79; O, 14.27; S, 9.53. Found: C, 71.22; H, 5.03; S, 9.39. Ethyl-1-(furan-2-yl)-3-methyl-1H-benzo(f)chromene-2-carboxylate (NP-24): Yield 78 %; mp: 130-131C, 1H NMR (CDCl3,300MHz, delta, TMS=0): 8.09 (1H, d, J=8.40Hz), 7.90 (1H, d, J=8.10Hz), 7.32 (1H, d, J=9.00Hz), 7.51 (1H, m) , 7.40 (1H, m), 7.25 (1H, m), 7.16 (1H, m), 6.15 (1H, dd, J=2.1 and 3.00Hz), 6.00 (1H, d, J=2.7Hz), 5.84 (1H, s), 4.26 (2H, q, J=6.9Hz), 2.53 (3H, s), 1.34 (3H, t, J=7.20Hz); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 100MHz, delta, TMS=0): 14.40, 19.63, 31.97, 60.49, 104.00, 106.06, 110.22, 112.68, 117.04, 123.09, 124.74, 126.91, 128.34, 128.89, 131.20, 141.38, 148.07, 156.86, 161.17, 167.12. Anal. Calcd for C21H18O4: C, 75.43; H, 5.43; O, 19.14. Found: C, 75.77; H, 5.23. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
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95% | With titanium tetrachloride; triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at 0 - 25℃;Inert atmosphere; | General procedure: To a mixture of an aldehyde (0.1 mol) and alkyl acetate (0.1 mol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) was added Et3N (0.3 mol). The resulting reaction mixture was cooled to 0 C under nitrogen atmosphere. To this was added TiCl4 (0.12 mol) dropwise over a period of 15 min and the mixture was stirred for further 2-4 h at room temperature. When the reaction was complete as confirmed by TLC, the mixture was diluted with water (25 mL) and the dichloromethane layer was separated. The organic phase was washed with 0.5 M aqueous HCl, water and brine. It was then dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford the corresponding alkyl (E)-alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylate (2) in excellent yield and purity. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
99% | General procedure: 4.2.7. (4R)-4-Methyl-4-[(E)-2-phenylethenyl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one(9a) and (4S)-4-(diphenylphosphorylmethyl)-4-methyl-oxazolidin-2-one (13eo). Typical procedure of a Wittig reaction: To a suspensionof the phosphonium salt (13) (500 mg, 1.0 mmol, 2.0 equiv) in THF(5 mL) was added n-butyllithium (1.9 M in hexane, 1.0 mL,1.95 mmol, 3.9 equiv) at 78 C and then the solution was stirredfor 30 min at the same temperature. After the addition of benzaldehyde(54 mg, 0.5 mmol,1.0 equiv) at 78 C, the reaction mixturewas gradually warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for 2 h.After quenching with saturated aq NH4Cl (10 mL), the resultingbiphasic mixture was extracted with AcOEt (10 mL2). The combinedorganic layer was washed with water (10 mL) and brine(10 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and evaporated. Purification bysilica gel column chromatography (hexane:AcOEt3:1 to 1:1)provided 9a (101 mg, 99% yield, 98.6% ee) as a white solid, and 13-o(156 mg, 99% yield) as a white solid. The enantiomeric excess of 9awas determined by HPLC analysis by using the following condition.DAICEL CHIRALCEL IA column (4.6f150 mm), hexane:EtOH95:5(0 min)d50:50 (8.0 min), flow rate: 2.0 ml/min, temperature:25.0 C. The retention times of (S)-9a and (R)-9a were 4.6 min and5.3 min, respectively. (Compound 9a) mp: 155.6 C; [a]D20 61.0 (c0.27, CH3OH); 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) d ppm: 1.53 (s, 3H), 4.17 (d,1H, J8.3 Hz), 4.23 (d, 1H, J8.3 Hz), 5.09 (s, 1H), 6.21 (d, 1H,J16.1 Hz), 6.59 (d, 1H, J16.1 Hz), 7.26e7.36 (m, 5H); 13C NMR(126 MHz, CDCl3) d ppm; 25.6, 58.5, 76.5, 126.7, 128.3, 128.7, 130.1,131.2, 135.7, 159.0; IR (KBr) cm1: 3293, 1756, 1710, 1393, 1288, 1171,1042, 967, 751, 659; MS (ESI) m/z: 203 (M); Anal. Calcd forC12H13NO2: C, 70.92; H, 6.45; N, 6.89. Found: C, 70.80; H, 6.49; N,6.83. (Compound 13-o) mp: 181.4 C; [a]D20 9.1 (c 0.41, CH3OH); 1HNMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) d ppm: 1.34 (s, 3H), 4.09 (d, 1H, J8.8 Hz), 2.60e2.78 (m, 2H), 4.21 (d, 1H, J8.8 Hz), 6.44 (br s, 1H), 7.46e7.57(m, 5H), 7.67e7.71 (m, 2H), 7.78e7.82 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (126 MHz,CDCl3) d ppm; 26.7, 39.9 (d, J69.1 Hz), 57.3 (d, J4.8 Hz), 77.4 (d,J12.5 Hz), 128.9 (d, J3.6 Hz), 129.0 (d, J3.6 Hz), 130.3 (d,J9.5 Hz), 130.6 (d, J9.5 Hz), 132.2, 132.3, 132.8 (d, J90.6 Hz),133.6 (d, J93.0 Hz), 157.7; IR (KBr) cm1: 3308, 1758, 1439, 1255,1175, 1034, 930, 752, 699; HRMS (ESI): calcd for C17H19NO3P[MH] 316.1103; found 316.1105 | |
99% | General procedure: Typical procedure of a Wittig reaction: To a suspension of the phosphonium salt (13) (500 mg, 1.0 mmol, 2.0 equiv) in THF(5 mL) was added n-butyllithium (1.9 M in hexane, 1.0 mL,1.95 mmol, 3.9 equiv) at 78 C and then the solution was stirred for 30 min at the same temperature. After the addition of benzaldehyde(54 mg, 0.5 mmol,1.0 equiv) at 78 C, the reaction mixture was gradually warmed to ambient temperature and stirred for 2 h. After quenching with saturated aq NH4Cl (10 mL), the resulting biphasic mixture was extracted with AcOEt (10 mL2). The combined organic layer was washed with water (10 mL) and brine(10 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and evaporated. Purification bysilica gel column chromatography (hexane:AcOEt3:1 to 1:1)provided 9a (101 mg, 99% yield, 98.6% ee) as a white solid, and 13-o(156 mg, 99% yield) as a white solid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
74% | With ammonium cerium (IV) nitrate; In ethanol; at 20℃; for 0.5h;Reflux; | General procedure: A mixture of acyl hydrazide 3a (0.02 mol), related aromatic aldehyde derivative (0.02 mol), and ceric ammonium nitrate (0.05 mol) in ethanol (10 mL) was heated under reflux with stirring for 30 min. Water was added, and the precipitated product was filtered and crystallized from ethanol.14 |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; for 24h; | General procedure: A mixture of 4-substituted acetophenone derivatives (1 eq),aromatic ketones (1 eq), and sodium hydroxide (2 mL, 40%aqueous) in 10 mL ethanol was stirred at room temperature for24 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion ofthe reaction the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The concentratewas extracted with dichloromethane and dried over anhydroussodium sulphate. The product was recrystallized from methanol.Compound 19 has been reported earlier [25]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
85% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; for 24h; | General procedure: A mixture of 4-substituted acetophenone derivatives (1 eq),aromatic ketones (1 eq), and sodium hydroxide (2 mL, 40%aqueous) in 10 mL ethanol was stirred at room temperature for24 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion ofthe reaction the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The concentratewas extracted with dichloromethane and dried over anhydroussodium sulphate. The product was recrystallized from methanol.Compound 19 has been reported earlier [25]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; for 24h; | General procedure: A mixture of 4-substituted acetophenone derivatives (1 eq),aromatic ketones (1 eq), and sodium hydroxide (2 mL, 40%aqueous) in 10 mL ethanol was stirred at room temperature for24 h. The reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion ofthe reaction the solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The concentratewas extracted with dichloromethane and dried over anhydroussodium sulphate. The product was recrystallized from methanol.Compound 19 has been reported earlier [25]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
78% | With dmap; at 150℃; for 0.333333h;Microwave irradiation; | General procedure: A mixture of aromatic aldehyde (1 mmol), malononitrile (1 mmol), C-H-activated acidic compound (1 mmol) and catalytic amounts of DMAP (5 mol%) in a 50-ml conical flask was exposed to microwave radiation for 20 min in a microwave reactor operating at 150 C with the maximum microwave power of 400 W. Cold methanol was added to the reaction mixture, and the solid precipitates were filtered off to obtain the desired product. |
74% | With 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; In water; at 20℃; | General procedure: To mixture of equimolar concentration of substituted aldehydes (5mmol), malononitrile (5mmol) and 1, 3-cyclohexanedione (5mmol), a solution ionic liquid (0.25mmol) in a 1:1 mixture of water and alcohol was added, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 24-30h. The solid separated was filtered off, washed thrice with water (10ml) and treated with charcoal to remove color impurity and are purified by column chromatography on silica gel with petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (3.5:6.5) as the eluent (see Table 6). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86% | With rhodium(III) chloride hydrate; potassium hydroxide; In neat (no solvent); at 15℃; for 1.5h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: A mixture of aldehyde (1 mmol), ketone (3mmol), RuCl3.nH2O(0.02 mmol) and KOH (28 mg,0.5 mmol) was stirred at 15 C and monitored byTLC. After the indicated reaction time, the reactionmixture was purified by thin layer chromatography(silica gel, EtOAc-petroleum ether, 4:12) providingthe aldol adduct. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
76% | With rhodium(III) chloride hydrate; potassium hydroxide; In neat (no solvent); at 15℃; for 2.5h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: A mixture of aldehyde (1 mmol), ketone (3mmol), RuCl3.nH2O(0.02 mmol) and KOH (28 mg,0.5 mmol) was stirred at 15 C and monitored byTLC. After the indicated reaction time, the reactionmixture was purified by thin layer chromatography(silica gel, EtOAc-petroleum ether, 4:12) providingthe aldol adduct. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | With rhodium(III) chloride hydrate; potassium hydroxide; In neat (no solvent); at 15℃; for 2.5h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: A mixture of aldehyde (1 mmol), ketone (3mmol), RuCl3.nH2O(0.02 mmol) and KOH (28 mg,0.5 mmol) was stirred at 15 C and monitored byTLC. After the indicated reaction time, the reactionmixture was purified by thin layer chromatography(silica gel, EtOAc-petroleum ether, 4:12) providingthe aldol adduct. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
79% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; | General procedure: Material I (1.0 equiv) and 2-chloroacetonitrile (1.5 equiv) were mixed in Et2O filled with HCl gas. ZnCl2 (2.0 equiv) was added and used as catalyst. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until I was disappeared analyzed by TLC. Then the resulting precipitate(II) was filtered off and reserved. Material II was dissolved in 10% HCl/H2O solution, and the mixture was stirred at 60C for 10-12 h. When the mixture was cooled to room temperature, the resulting precipitate (III) was filtered off and reserved. Material III (1.0 equiv) and IV (1.0 equiv) were dissolved in the H2O/EtOH(1:5, V/V) solution containing 5% NaOH. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until III and IV were both disappeared analyzed by TLC. EtOH was removed at reduced pressure, a large amount of water was added, then the mixture was neutralized to neutral or weak acid with 10% HCl/H2O solution and the resulting precipitate (V) was filtered off, washed several times with water,purified by crystallization with EtOH or column chromatography with n-hexane/ethyl acetate. For the C7-phenolic hydroxyl methylated compounds, corresponding derivatives synthesized by the procedure mentioned above was used as starting material, and methyl iodide was used as methylating agent in the presence of K2CO3. Spectroscopic data of old compounds were previously reported in the literatures, and those of new compounds are listed below. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; | General procedure: Material I (1.0 equiv) and 2-chloroacetonitrile (1.5 equiv) were mixed in Et2O filled with HCl gas. ZnCl2 (2.0 equiv) was added and used as catalyst. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until I was disappeared analyzed by TLC. Then the resulting precipitate(II) was filtered off and reserved. Material II was dissolved in 10% HCl/H2O solution, and the mixture was stirred at 60C for 10-12 h. When the mixture was cooled to room temperature, the resulting precipitate (III) was filtered off and reserved. Material III (1.0 equiv) and IV (1.0 equiv) were dissolved in the H2O/EtOH(1:5, V/V) solution containing 5% NaOH. The mixture was stirred at room temperature until III and IV were both disappeared analyzed by TLC. EtOH was removed at reduced pressure, a large amount of water was added, then the mixture was neutralized to neutral or weak acid with 10% HCl/H2O solution and the resulting precipitate (V) was filtered off, washed several times with water,purified by crystallization with EtOH or column chromatography with n-hexane/ethyl acetate. For the C7-phenolic hydroxyl methylated compounds, corresponding derivatives synthesized by the procedure mentioned above was used as starting material, and methyl iodide was used as methylating agent in the presence of K2CO3. Spectroscopic data of old compounds were previously reported in the literatures, and those of new compounds are listed below. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81% | With diethylamine; In ethanol; at 20℃; for 4h; | General procedure: To a well stirred solution of an aldehyde 9 (2 mmol) and 4-hydroxycoumarin (11,4 mmol) in ethanol (4 mL) was added diethylamine (20 mol%) and stirring was continued at ambient temperature. Upon completion of the reaction (TLC), theresultant solid was filtered, washed with water, dried, washed again with a hexane-chloroform mixture (9:1, v/v) and dried. The resultant bis-coumarins, 12, were found to be pure for all practical purposes. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
77% | With vasicine; In ethanol; at 20℃; for 24h; | General procedure: To the solution of vasicine (0.05 mmol) in ethanol (2 mL) were added aldehyde (0.5 mmol) and nitromethane (5 mmol) and allowed to stir at room temperature. The progress of reaction was monitored by TLC. After completion of reaction, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and product was purified by column chromatography using n-hexane:ethyl acetate. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86% | With aminosulfonic acid; In ethanol; at 20℃; for 4h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: To a well-stirred solution of aldehyde 1 or isatin 4 (2 mmol) and tetronic acid 2(4 mmol) in ethanol (5 mL) was added sulfamic acid (20 mol %) with continuous stirring. With the progress of the reaction, a yellowish solid separated out. Upon completion of the reaction (TLC), the resultant solid was filtered, washed with ethanol and dried. The resultant bis-tetronic acid 3/5 was found to be pure and did not require any further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With nickel(II) bromide dimethoxyethane; zinc; 1,2-bis-[(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino]acenaphthene; In tetrahydrofuran; at 70℃; for 24h; | General procedure: Activated zinc (75 mg, 1.15 mmol), NiBr2(DME) (15.4 mg, 0.05 mmol), and ligand L12 (0.05 mmol) were placed into a 8-mL glass vial using an atmosphere controlled glove box. Then, 0.2 M solution of benzaldehyde (5 mL, 1 mmol) in THF and aryl halide (1.15 mmol) were added to this mixture. The reaction mixture was magnetically stirred at 70 C, the target product was isolated from the reaction mixture by column chromatography on silica gel 60 A (40-63 um). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
44% | With sodium hydride; In tetrahydrofuran; at 35 - 80℃; for 8h; | General procedure: Anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) was added into a round-bottomed flask (100 mL) containingsophoridine (0.005 mol) and sodium hydride (0.1 mol). The solution was stirred, and aldehyde(0.02 mol) was added at 35-40 C. The solution was then refluxed for 8 h. After cooling to roomtemperature, the mixture was treated with hydrochloric acid (5%, 20 mL) to hydrolyze the excesssodium hydride and then extracted with chloroform (3 x 20 mL). The combined organic layer wasconcentrated, and the residue was purified in a reverse-phase silica gel column (CH2Cl2:MeOH = 20:1,v/v) to give compounds 2a-2k. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
52% | With caesium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 20℃; for 3h; | General procedure: To 1,4-diacetylpiperazine-2,5-dione 1 (1.5 equiv.) in anhydrous DMF, the arylaldehyde 2 (1 equiv.) in presence of Cs2CO3 (1.5 equiv.) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 3 h then poured into ice-cold water. The formed solid was then filtered, washed with cooled water and dried in vacuum to afford a solid residue, which was purified by precipitation in a mixture (Petroleumether/EtOAc) to yield corresponding diketopiperazines 3a-p. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
89% | With trichlorophosphate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 100℃; for 8h;Cooling with ice; | General procedure: To a stirred solution of 9ha-9hd (200 mmol) in dried DMF (43.86 g, 600 mmol) cooled in anice-water bath was added dropwise POCl3 (46.00 g, 300 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred atthis temperature for 30 min and then at 100 C for another 5 h. After cooling to room temperature,the reaction mixture was poured carefully into ice-water (300 mL). The mixture thus obtained wasextracted with CH2Cl2 (300 mL × 3), and the combined extracts were washed successively with 5%brine (200 mL), 10% aqueous K2CO3 (200 mL) and 5% brine (200 mL), dried (Na2SO4) and evaporatedon a rotary evaporator to afford a residue, which was purified by column chromatography to yield10ha-10hd. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With aminosulfonic acid; In ethanol; at 80℃; | General procedure: A mixture of 2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy phenanthrene-9-amine (5,0.22 mmol), Meldrums acid (6, 0.22 mmol) and substituted aldehydes(7a-r, 0.22 mmol), and sulfamic acid (20 mol%) in EtOH (3 mL)was refluxed for 3-5 h. After the completion of the reaction, thereaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature andthe precipitated products was collected by vacuum filtration andwashed with water and followed by recrystallization from ethanolto afford pure compounds 8a-r in 78-93% yields. All the synthesizedcompounds were thoroughly characterized by 1H NMR, 13CNMR and HRMS (ESI). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
78% | General procedure: Aldehyde (1equiv. 0.48mmol) and amine (1equiv. 0.48mmol) were dissolved in DMF (10mL) and heat the reaction mixture at 90C for 6-8h. Then Potassium carbonate (2equiv. 0.96mmol) and TOSMIC (1equiv. 0.48mmol) were added to the reaction mixture, continue stirring at 90C for 12h. The Completion of the reaction was monitored by TLC, then cool the reaction mixture to room temperature, then add 20mL water and extract with EtOAc (3×20mL). The organic phase was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated under reduced pressure. Then obtained crude was purified by column chromatography using 60-120 mesh in Methanol/Chloroform as eluent, afforded the title compounds. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
76% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
89% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
87% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
86% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
80% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (5 mmol) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (5 mmol) in methyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solution mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress of the reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. The solids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloric acid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallized from methyl alcohol to obtain the compounds 3(a-h). |
With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; at 20℃; | General procedure: To a solution mixture of 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde, 1 (10mmole) and acetophenones, 2(a-h) (10 mmole) in methyl alcohol,potassium hydroxide solution (40%, 2 mL) was added. Then the solutionmixture was stirred at room temperature for 2-3 h. The progress ofthe reaction was monitored by TLC. After the completion, the mixturewas cooled to room temperature and poured into ice cold water. Thesolids separated were filtered, washed successively with cold hydrochloricacid (5%) and cold water. The crude solids were recrystallizedfrom methyl alcohol to obtain compounds 3(a-h) [26]. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
General procedure: To a 50 mL of Schlenk tube were added 1 or 3 (0.2 mmol, 1.0 equiv), Pd(OAc)2 (10 mol%), dppf (10 mol%) under air, followed by K3PO4·3H2O (0.3 mmol, 1.5 equiv) and Ag2CO3 (0.3 mmol, 1.5 equiv) . The mixture was then evacuated and back filled with N2 (3 times). Bromodichoromethane (0.4 mmol, 2.0 equiv), Ac2O (2 mmol, 190 uL) and CH3CN (1 mL) were added subsequently. The Schlenk tube was screw capped and put into a preheated oil bath (60 C). After stirring for 24 hours, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with CH2Cl2 and Ethyl Acetate, then filtered with a pad of silica gel. The isolated yield was given by a hydrolysis pathway, in which the concentrated reaction mixture was diluted with 5 mL CH2Cl2 and 10 mL 3 N HCl and stirred over night. The reaction mixture was extracted with dichloromethane (3 times) and the solvent was removed under rotary evaporation. The residue was then purified by a preparative TLC to give product 2 or 4. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
90% | With potassium hydroxide; In methanol; water; at 60℃; for 1.5h; | General procedure: Usnic acid 2 (1 mmol, 344 mg) was treated with the bromine--dioxane complex (2 mmol Br2, 0.10 mL, dissolved in dioxane, 14 mL)and several drops of HBr then left for 7 d at room temperature. Thereaction mixture was concentrated in a rotary evaporator and chromatographedover silica gel with elution by CH2Cl2 to yield compound4 (67%). A solution of 4 (1 mmol, 423 mg) in acetone (25 mL) was treatedwith KOAc (150 mg, 1.5 mmol), refluxed for 2 h, diluted with H2O (upto ?50-60 mL), acidified with HCl (1:4) to pH 3-4, and extracted withCH2Cl2 (3-10 mL). The extracts were dried over calcined MgSO4. Thesolvent was removed. The residue was chromatographed over a columnof silica gel with elution by CH2Cl2 to yield compound 5 (90%). A solution of 5 (1 mmol, 342 mg) in MeOH (24 mL) was treated withthe appropriate aldehyde (1.1 mmol) and aqueous KOH (1 mL, 50%),heated at temperature 60 C for 1.5 h, cooled, diluted with H2O (up to?50-60 mL), acidified with HCl (1:4) to pH 3-4, and extracted withCH2Cl2 (3-10 mL). The extracts were dried over calcined MgSO4. Thesolvent was removed. The residue was chromatographed over a columnof silica gel with elution by CH2Cl2. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
91% | With Mn0.5Fe0.25Ca0.25Fe2O4 starch aspartic acid magnetic nanoparticles; In neat (no solvent); at 100℃; for 0.2h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: To a mixture of aryl aldehyde (1 mmol), urea or thiourea (1.5 mmol), and acetylacetone (1 mmol) was added MFCFe2O4 starch aspartic acid MNPs (0.025 g) as catalyst. The mixture was vigorously mixed at 100 C. After reaction completion (TLC analysis), 3 ml ethanol was added to the reaction mixture and the catalyst was removed using a magnet. The clear liquid containing the product was evaporated to give the crude product. The solid product was washed with distilled water, recrystallized from the ethanol, and dried at 50 C under vacuum for 4 h. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
79% | With (2-hydroxy-ethyl)ammonium acetate; In neat (no solvent); at 90℃; for 2h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: 3-methyl-1-phenyl-5-aminopyrazole 1 (3 mmol), heterocyclic aldehyde 2a-e (3 mmol), 1,3-cyclic dione 3a-c (3 mmol), were charged into 50 mL round bottom flask followed by addition of 2 mL of hydroxyl alkyl ammonium ionic liquid. The content is then stirred at 90 C until the TLC (50% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (60-80 C)) reveals the complete consumption of starting materials. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was poured into ice water and filtered off. The filtrate containing IL was then charged in Rota evaporator and recovered by removing excess water under reduced pressure at 60-70 C and was reused for subsequent reactions. Furthermore, synthesized compounds were purified by Automated Flash chromatographic system using 50% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether (60-80 C). The characterization detail of all newly synthesized compounds was shown below. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | With hydroxylamine hydrochloride; sodium acetate; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; for 0.5h;Green chemistry; | General procedure: A mix of 0.5 mmol of sodium acetate in aqueous ethanol andhydroxylamine hydrochloride (5.5 mmol) was taken in 100mLround bottom flask. Then aromatic aldehyde (5 mmol) and ethylacetoacetate(5 mmol) were mixed to the reaction mixture andstirred at room temperature for 30 min. The progress of the reactionis monitored by TLC, and then the reaction mixture wasextracted with ice cold water. Further, purification was done byrecrystallization from chloroform-methanol. Scheme 1. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
89.9% | With sodium hydroxide; In ethanol; water; at 20℃; for 24h; | General procedure: Equimolar quantities of the 2-acetyl pyrrole (2 mmol) and substitutedbenzaldehydes (2 mmol) were dissolved in 5 ml of absoluteethanol. The resulting mixture was stirred for 5 min before 3 ml of 40%NaOH aqueous solution was added dropwise. After the addition wascomplete, the reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature.The adduct solution was poured into crushed ice and extractedwith ethyl acetate (3×10 ml). The organic layer was washed with distilled water (3×10 ml), dried over anhydrous MgSO4, andconcentrated under reduced pressure. Finally, the crudes were purifiedby column chromatography on silica gel using hexane:ethyl acetate as asolvent system [17]. |
Tags: 5834-16-2 synthesis path| 5834-16-2 SDS| 5834-16-2 COA| 5834-16-2 purity| 5834-16-2 application| 5834-16-2 NMR| 5834-16-2 COA| 5834-16-2 structure
[ 3541-37-5 ]
Benzo[b]thiophene-2-carbaldehyde
Similarity: 0.83
[ 13679-70-4 ]
5-Methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde
Similarity: 0.79
[ 29421-72-5 ]
5-Methylthiophene-3-carbaldehyde
Similarity: 0.79
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