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The BI-3802 was designed by Boehringer Ingelheim and could be obtained free of charge through the Boehringer Ingelheim open innovation portal opnMe.com, associated with its negative control.
Vitamin A is an effective antioxidant that displays lipoperoxy radical scavenging activity and fluorescent properties. It's a ligand for both the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) and the retinoid X receptor (RXR).
Synonyms: Retinol; all-trans Retinol; Vafol
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Search for reports by entering the product batch number.
Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
Search for reports by entering the product batch number.
Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
Search for reports by entering the product batch number.
Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
Search for reports by entering the product batch number.
Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
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Batch number can be found on the product's label following the word 'Batch'.
| CAS No. : | 68-26-8 |
| Formula : | C20H30O |
| M.W : | 286.45 |
| SMILES Code : | OC/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C |
| Synonyms : |
Retinol; all-trans Retinol; Vafol
|
| MDL No. : | MFCD00001552 |
| GHS Pictogram: |
|
| Signal Word: | Danger |
| Hazard Statements: | H317-H319-H360-H413 |
| Precautionary Statements: | P201-P273-P280-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338-P308+P313 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 99% | In toluene; at 35℃; for 1.0h; | 900 g of vitamin A and 4 L of toluene were added to the reactor, and 860 g of palmitoyl chloride was added dropwise with stirring to control the temperature at 35 C. After the dropwise addition, the reaction was carried out at 35 C for 1h. After the reaction, wash with water to remove light components,1650 g of vitamin A palmitate solid was obtained,The content is 97% and the yield is 99%. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 78% | With Novozyme 435 (from Candida antarctica immobilized on acrylic resin); Amberlyst A-21; In toluene; at 20℃; for 15.0h;Enzymatic reaction;Product distribution / selectivity; | Example 28; Preparation of Retinyl Palmitate in the Presence of Amberlyst A-21; Retinyl acetate (1.00 g; 3.04 mmol) was dissolved in 8.5 mL of toluene and palmitic acid (1.56 g; 6.09 mmol; 2.0 equiv) was added followed by 120 mg of Novozyme 435 and 0.5g of dried Amberlyst A-21. The reaction mixture was stirred at RT for 15 h, at which point a sample was removed and analyzed by HPLC, indicating 89.2% conversion to retinyl palmitate with 9.1% retinyl acetate and 1.7% retinol. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated, then concentrated twice with heptane (10 mL each). The residue was dissolved in heptane (15 mL) and washed with 2×20 mL with a 1:1 mixture of 10% aqueous potassium carbonate and methanol. The organic layer was washed further with a mixture of saturated sodium bicarbonate (2.5 mL), water (7.5 mL), and methanol (10 mL), dried (sodium sulfate) and concentrated to afford 1.25 g (78%) of a yellow oil. Analysis of this product indicated 91.2% retinyl palmitate (HPLC area percent), 0.4 wt % palmitic acid, and 0.2% retinol. HPLC (4.6×150 mm Zorbax SB-C8 column [Agilent], 3.5mu thickness, methanol eluent, detection at 350 nm): tR 5.52 min (retinyl palmitate); tR 2.32 min (retinyl acetate); tR 2.08 min (retinol). |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 97.62% | With aluminum oxide; In Petroleum ether; at 40℃; for 2.0h; | (59.5 g, 0.12 mol) of palmitic anhydride was charged to a solution of (28.6 g, 0.1 mol) of vitamin A alcohol and 240 g of petroleum ether, heated slowly to 40C in a water bath, and 4.29 g of activated 200 mesh of basic alumina was added. Insulation reaction 2 hours, liquid tracking detection of vitamin A residual alcohol ? 0.3% to stop the antiShould, filter out the basic alumina, -12 cold treatment, filter residue, the filtrate for dissolution, obtainedLight yellow oily liquid product (51.2 g, 97.62% molar yield). The HPLC analysis of the product was in accordance with the standard. The product was analyzed by USP28. The biological titer was 1.781 million IU / g and the content was 98.3%. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 94% | at 60℃; under 0.750075 Torr; for 3.0h;Large scale; | 3.28 kg of vitamin A acetate and 16.5 g of potassium methoxide were added to 33 L of methanol under nitrogen protection, and the reaction was carried out at 30 C for about 3hour;After completion of the reaction, it was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure at 40 C to give a yellow oil as a vitamin A alcohol.The obtained vitamin A alcohol was mixed with 2.80 kg of methyl palmitate.The mixture was heated to 60 C and then the pressure was reduced to about 100 Pa for about 3 hours.The reaction was terminated by nitrogen gas, and 20 L of n-hexane and 165 g of activated carbon were added.After decolorizing for 30 minutes, the silica gel was filtered, and the filtrate was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure.A pale yellow oil of 4.93 kg was obtained with a yield of 94%.The obtained oil was analyzed according to the method of the United States Pharmacopoeia USP28, and the result showed that the purity of vitamin A palmitate was 1.77 million IU/g. |
Tags: Vitamin A | Retinol | Alkenyls | Aliphatic Cyclic Hydrocarbons | RAR/RXR | Organic Building Blocks | Metabolic Enzyme | PPAR Signaling Pathway | Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor | 68-26-8
Precautionary Statements-General | |
| Code | Phrase |
| P101 | If medical advice is needed,have product container or label at hand. |
| P102 | Keep out of reach of children. |
| P103 | Read label before use |
Prevention | |
| Code | Phrase |
| P201 | Obtain special instructions before use. |
| P202 | Do not handle until all safety precautions have been read and understood. |
| P210 | Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking. |
| P211 | Do not spray on an open flame or other ignition source. |
| P220 | Keep/Store away from clothing/combustible materials. |
| P221 | Take any precaution to avoid mixing with combustibles |
| P222 | Do not allow contact with air. |
| P223 | Keep away from any possible contact with water, because of violent reaction and possible flash fire. |
| P230 | Keep wetted |
| P231 | Handle under inert gas. |
| P232 | Protect from moisture. |
| P233 | Keep container tightly closed. |
| P234 | Keep only in original container. |
| P235 | Keep cool |
| P240 | Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. |
| P241 | Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment. |
| P242 | Use only non-sparking tools. |
| P243 | Take precautionary measures against static discharge. |
| P244 | Keep reduction valves free from grease and oil. |
| P250 | Do not subject to grinding/shock/friction. |
| P251 | Pressurized container: Do not pierce or burn, even after use. |
| P260 | Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. |
| P261 | Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray. |
| P262 | Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. |
| P263 | Avoid contact during pregnancy/while nursing. |
| P264 | Wash hands thoroughly after handling. |
| P265 | Wash skin thouroughly after handling. |
| P270 | Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product. |
| P271 | Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. |
| P272 | Contaminated work clothing should not be allowed out of the workplace. |
| P273 | Avoid release to the environment. |
| P280 | Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. |
| P281 | Use personal protective equipment as required. |
| P282 | Wear cold insulating gloves/face shield/eye protection. |
| P283 | Wear fire/flame resistant/retardant clothing. |
| P284 | Wear respiratory protection. |
| P285 | In case of inadequate ventilation wear respiratory protection. |
| P231 + P232 | Handle under inert gas. Protect from moisture. |
| P235 + P410 | Keep cool. Protect from sunlight. |
Response | |
| Code | Phrase |
| P301 | IF SWALLOWED: |
| P304 | IF INHALED: |
| P305 | IF IN EYES: |
| P306 | IF ON CLOTHING: |
| P307 | IF exposed: |
| P308 | IF exposed or concerned: |
| P309 | IF exposed or if you feel unwell: |
| P310 | Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
| P311 | Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
| P312 | Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. |
| P313 | Get medical advice/attention. |
| P314 | Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell. |
| P315 | Get immediate medical advice/attention. |
| P320 | |
| P302 + P352 | IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. |
| P321 | |
| P322 | |
| P330 | Rinse mouth. |
| P331 | Do NOT induce vomiting. |
| P332 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: |
| P333 | If skin irritation or rash occurs: |
| P334 | Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages. |
| P335 | Brush off loose particles from skin. |
| P336 | Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area. |
| P337 | If eye irritation persists: |
| P338 | Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
| P340 | Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
| P341 | If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
| P342 | If experiencing respiratory symptoms: |
| P350 | Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
| P351 | Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. |
| P352 | Wash with plenty of soap and water. |
| P353 | Rinse skin with water/shower. |
| P360 | Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
| P361 | Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. |
| P362 | Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. |
| P363 | Wash contaminated clothing before reuse. |
| P370 | In case of fire: |
| P371 | In case of major fire and large quantities: |
| P372 | Explosion risk in case of fire. |
| P373 | DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives. |
| P374 | Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance. |
| P376 | Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1 |
| P377 | Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely. |
| P378 | |
| P380 | Evacuate area. |
| P381 | Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. |
| P390 | Absorb spillage to prevent material damage. |
| P391 | Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment |
| P301 + P310 | IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
| P301 + P312 | IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell. |
| P301 + P330 + P331 | IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. |
| P302 + P334 | IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
| P302 + P350 | IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water. |
| P303 + P361 + P353 | IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower. |
| P304 + P312 | IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell. |
| P304 + P340 | IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
| P304 + P341 | IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. |
| P305 + P351 + P338 | IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. |
| P306 + P360 | IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes. |
| P307 + P311 | IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
| P308 + P313 | IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention. |
| P309 + P311 | IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
| P332 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
| P333 + P313 | IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention. |
| P335 + P334 | Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages. |
| P337 + P313 | IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. |
| P342 + P311 | IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician. |
| P370 + P376 | In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so. |
| P370 + P378 | In case of fire: |
| P370 + P380 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. |
| P370 + P380 + P375 | In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
| P371 + P380 + P375 | In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion. |
Storage | |
| Code | Phrase |
| P401 | |
| P402 | Store in a dry place. |
| P403 | Store in a well-ventilated place. |
| P404 | Store in a closed container. |
| P405 | Store locked up. |
| P406 | Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner. |
| P407 | Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets. |
| P410 | Protect from sunlight. |
| P411 | |
| P412 | Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF. |
| P413 | |
| P420 | Store away from other materials. |
| P422 | |
| P402 + P404 | Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container. |
| P403 + P233 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed. |
| P403 + P235 | Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool. |
| P410 + P403 | Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place. |
| P410 + P412 | Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF. |
| P411 + P235 | Keep cool. |
Disposal | |
| Code | Phrase |
| P501 | Dispose of contents/container to ... |
| P502 | Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling |
Physical hazards | |
| Code | Phrase |
| H200 | Unstable explosive |
| H201 | Explosive; mass explosion hazard |
| H202 | Explosive; severe projection hazard |
| H203 | Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard |
| H204 | Fire or projection hazard |
| H205 | May mass explode in fire |
| H220 | Extremely flammable gas |
| H221 | Flammable gas |
| H222 | Extremely flammable aerosol |
| H223 | Flammable aerosol |
| H224 | Extremely flammable liquid and vapour |
| H225 | Highly flammable liquid and vapour |
| H226 | Flammable liquid and vapour |
| H227 | Combustible liquid |
| H228 | Flammable solid |
| H229 | Pressurized container: may burst if heated |
| H230 | May react explosively even in the absence of air |
| H231 | May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature |
| H240 | Heating may cause an explosion |
| H241 | Heating may cause a fire or explosion |
| H242 | Heating may cause a fire |
| H250 | Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air |
| H251 | Self-heating; may catch fire |
| H252 | Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire |
| H260 | In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously |
| H261 | In contact with water releases flammable gas |
| H270 | May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer |
| H271 | May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer |
| H272 | May intensify fire; oxidizer |
| H280 | Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated |
| H281 | Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury |
| H290 | May be corrosive to metals |
Health hazards | |
| Code | Phrase |
| H300 | Fatal if swallowed |
| H301 | Toxic if swallowed |
| H302 | Harmful if swallowed |
| H303 | May be harmful if swallowed |
| H304 | May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways |
| H305 | May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways |
| H310 | Fatal in contact with skin |
| H311 | Toxic in contact with skin |
| H312 | Harmful in contact with skin |
| H313 | May be harmful in contact with skin |
| H314 | Causes severe skin burns and eye damage |
| H315 | Causes skin irritation |
| H316 | Causes mild skin irritation |
| H317 | May cause an allergic skin reaction |
| H318 | Causes serious eye damage |
| H319 | Causes serious eye irritation |
| H320 | Causes eye irritation |
| H330 | Fatal if inhaled |
| H331 | Toxic if inhaled |
| H332 | Harmful if inhaled |
| H333 | May be harmful if inhaled |
| H334 | May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled |
| H335 | May cause respiratory irritation |
| H336 | May cause drowsiness or dizziness |
| H340 | May cause genetic defects |
| H341 | Suspected of causing genetic defects |
| H350 | May cause cancer |
| H351 | Suspected of causing cancer |
| H360 | May damage fertility or the unborn child |
| H361 | Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child |
| H361d | Suspected of damaging the unborn child |
| H362 | May cause harm to breast-fed children |
| H370 | Causes damage to organs |
| H371 | May cause damage to organs |
| H372 | Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
| H373 | May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure |
Environmental hazards | |
| Code | Phrase |
| H400 | Very toxic to aquatic life |
| H401 | Toxic to aquatic life |
| H402 | Harmful to aquatic life |
| H410 | Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
| H411 | Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
| H412 | Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects |
| H413 | May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life |
| H420 | Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere |
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