Structure of Trametinib (DMSO solvate)
CAS No.: 1187431-43-1
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The BI-3802 was designed by Boehringer Ingelheim and could be obtained free of charge through the Boehringer Ingelheim open innovation portal opnMe.com, associated with its negative control.
Trametinib (DMSO solvate) (GSK-1120212 (DMSO solvate); JTP-74057 (DMSO solvate)) is an orally active MEK inhibitor that inhibits MEK1 and MEK2 with IC50s of about 2 nM, activating autophagy and inducing apoptosis.
Synonyms: GSK-1120212 (DMSO solvate); JTP-74057 (DMSO solvate); Trametinib dimethyl sulfoxide
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Azapeptides with unique covalent warheads as SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors
Kaustav Khatua ; Yugendar R. Alugubelli ; Kai S. Yang ; Veerabhadra R. Vulupala ; Lauren R. Blankenship ; Demonta Coleman , et al.
Abstract: The main protease (MPro) of SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, is a pivotal nonstructural protein critical for viral replication and pathogenesis. Its protease function relies on three active site pockets for substrate recognition and a catalytic cysteine for enzymatic activity. To develop potential SARS-CoV-2 antivirals, we successfully synthesized a diverse range of azapeptide inhibitors with various covalent warheads to target MPro's catalytic cysteine. Our characterization identified potent MPro inhibitors, including MPI89 that features an aza-2,2-dichloroacetyl warhead with a remarkable EC50 value of 10 nM against SARS-CoV-2 infection in ACE2+ A549 cells and a selective index of 875. MPI89 is also remarkably selective and shows no potency against SARS-CoV-2 papain-like protease and several human proteases. Crystallography analyses demonstrated that these inhibitors covalently engaged the catalytic cysteine and used the aza-amide carbonyl oxygen to bind to the oxyanion hole. MPI89 stands as one of the most potent MPro inhibitors, suggesting the potential for further exploration of azapeptides and the aza-2,2-dichloroacetyl warhead for developing effective therapeutics against COVID-19.
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Keywords: COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Main protease ; Azapeptide ; Covalent inhibitor
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CAS No. : | 1187431-43-1 |
Formula : | C28H29FIN5O5S |
M.W : | 693.53 |
SMILES Code : | O=C(N(C(C1=C(N2C)NC(C=CC(I)=C3)=C3F)=C(C)C2=O)C4=CC=CC(NC(C)=O)=C4)N(C1=O)C5CC5.O=S(C)C |
Synonyms : |
GSK-1120212 (DMSO solvate); JTP-74057 (DMSO solvate); Trametinib dimethyl sulfoxide
|
MDL No. : | MFCD21609250 |
InChI Key : | OQUFJVRYDFIQBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 50992434 |
GHS Pictogram: |
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Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H302-H315-H319-H335 |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 |
In Vitro:
Cell Line
|
Concentration | Treated Time | Description | References |
HEK293T cells | 1 μM | 2 h | BRET experiments were conducted to measure the binding of Trametinib to MEK1 and KSR1. The results showed that Trametinib generated BRET signals with both MEK1 and KSR1, indicating that Trametinib can bind to MEK1 and KSR1. | PMC7746607 |
CRC cells | 25 nM | 5 days | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib in combination with JQ1 on CRC cell proliferation, results showed that the combination significantly inhibited cell proliferation | PMC5368030 |
KRAS-mutant mouse LUAD cells | 100 nM | 72 h | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on cell growth, results showed that Trametinib significantly inhibited the proliferation of KRAS-mutant mouse LUAD cells. | PMC11031964 |
KRAS-mutant human LUAD cells | 500 nM | 72 h | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on cell growth, results showed that Trametinib significantly inhibited the proliferation of KRAS-mutant human LUAD cells. | PMC11031964 |
KRAS-wild type human LUAD cells | 500 nM | 72 h | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on cell growth, results showed that Trametinib had no significant effect on the proliferation of KRAS-wild type human LUAD cells, except for H1437 cells where inhibition was observed. | PMC11031964 |
BBN963 cells | 100 µM | 72 h | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on apoptosis in BBN963 cells, results showed that Trametinib alone increased the number of cells in late apoptosis. | PMC11297265 |
BBN963 cells | 100 µM | 72 h | To evaluate the effect of Rosi+Tram combination on apoptosis in BBN963 cells, results showed that the combination further increased the number of cells in both early and late apoptosis. | PMC11297265 |
TBP primary melanoma cells | 1 nM | 10 days | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on TBP primary melanoma cells in spheroid formation, results showed that Trametinib inhibited spheroid growth. | PMC10478295 |
S462 cells | 200 nM | 24 h | To evaluate the synergistic anti-proliferative activity of Trametinib in combination with Palbociclib on MPNST cells, the results showed that the combination therapy significantly reduced RB1 phosphorylation and increased cell death and senescence. | PMC10528807 |
In Vivo:
Species
|
Animal Model
|
Administration | Dosage | Frequency | Description | References |
nude mice | CRC xenograft model | oral | 0.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg | once daily for 14 days | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib in combination with JQ1 on CRC xenograft tumors, results showed that the combination significantly inhibited tumor growth | PMC5368030 |
mice | KRAS-mutant LUAD model | oral | 1 mg/kg | 5 times a week until day 30 | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on tumor growth, results showed that Trametinib significantly reduced the volumes of CMT167 and LLC tumors and downregulated Id1 expression in tumor tissues. | PMC11031964 |
Mice | BBN-induced BASQ bladder cancer model | Oral | 0.3 mg/kg | Daily for 1 month | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib alone and in combination with Rosiglitazone on BBN-induced BASQ tumors, results showed that the combination induced apoptosis in tumor cells and reduced tumor volume by 91% within one month. | PMC11297265 |
Mice | Pancreatic cancer model | Oral | 1 mg/kg | 4 consecutive days followed by 3 days off | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib on pancreatic cancer model | PMC9701143 |
Mice | Braf-mutant melanoma model | Oral | 1 mg/kg | Daily administration for 5 weeks | To evaluate the effect of Trametinib in combination with Dabrafenib on Braf-mutant melanoma models, results showed that the combination therapy significantly inhibited tumor growth and delayed the onset of resistance. | PMC10478295 |
NOD-SCID mice | QGP-1 xenograft model | Oral | 1 mg/kg | 2 weeks (5 days of drug treatment and 2 days of rest) | Trametinib suppressed the enhanced invasion capability of QGP-1 xenograft tumors with PTEN loss, but did not significantly inhibit tumor growth. | PMC9639322 |
Mice | Immune-deficient mouse model | Oral | 0.075 mg/kg | Daily administration for 5 days, followed by 2 days off | To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of Trametinib in combination with Ribociclib in MPNST PDX models, the results showed that the combination therapy exhibited synergistic anti-tumor activity in some PDX models. | PMC10528807 |
Tags: Trametinib | GSK1120212 | JTP-74057 | GSK 1120212 | GSK-1120212 | JTP74057 | JTP 74057 | JTP-74057 | MEK | EK1/2 inhibitor | BRAF V600EMEK-ERK pathway | IC50 | mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase | MAPKK | 1187431-43-1
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