Structure of 13781-53-8
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| CAS No. : | 13781-53-8 |
| Formula : | C6H5NS |
| M.W : | 123.18 |
| SMILES Code : | N#CCC1=CSC=C1 |
| MDL No. : | MFCD00005471 |
| InChI Key : | GWZCLMWEJWPFFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Pubchem ID : | 83730 |
| GHS Pictogram: |
|
| Signal Word: | Warning |
| Hazard Statements: | H302+H312+H332-H315-H319-H335 |
| Precautionary Statements: | P261-P280-P305+P351+P338 |
| Num. heavy atoms | 8 |
| Num. arom. heavy atoms | 5 |
| Fraction Csp3 | 0.17 |
| Num. rotatable bonds | 1 |
| Num. H-bond acceptors | 1.0 |
| Num. H-bond donors | 0.0 |
| Molar Refractivity | 33.84 |
| TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
52.03 Ų |
| Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
1.49 |
| Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
1.26 |
| Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
1.81 |
| Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
0.75 |
| Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
2.8 |
| Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
1.62 |
| Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-1.79 |
| Solubility | 1.98 mg/ml ; 0.0161 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Very soluble |
| Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-1.95 |
| Solubility | 1.38 mg/ml ; 0.0112 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Very soluble |
| Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-2.11 |
| Solubility | 0.952 mg/ml ; 0.00773 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
| GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
| BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
Yes |
| P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
| Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-6.16 cm/s |
| Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
| Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
1.0 |
| Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
| PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
| Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
0.0 alert: heavy_metal |
| Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<1.0 |
| Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
1.96 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 67% | With indium(III) chloride; sodium tetrahydroborate; In tetrahydrofuran; at 25℃; for 16h;Inert atmosphere; | This compound was synthesized according to a procedure described in literature.5 An oven-dried round-bottom flask (25 mL) cooled under argon was fitted with a rubber septum and charged with a stir bar, anhydrous InCl3 (0.681 g, 3.079 mmol), anhydrous THF (10 mL), and NaBH4 (0.341 g, 9.014 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 25 C for 1h, followed by the dropwise addition of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile (0.340 mL, 2.981 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 25 C for 16 h. The solution was quenched with 10 mL of 2.8 M hydrochloric acid, and the solution was refluxed for 2 h to dissolve remaining metal salts. The reaction mixture was cooled to 25C, 5 mL of methanol were added, and the mixture was again refluxed for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then cooled to 25C and filtered, and the methyl borate/methanol was removed from the filtrate by evaporation. The remaining acidic solution was extracted with DCM (3 10 mL), and the organic layers were discarded. The acidic aqueous layer was then basified with NaOH pellets to pH ≈ 11 and again extracted with DCM (3 10 mL). The combined organic layers were dried on a WA filter filtered, and evaporated under vacuum to afford 2-(3-thienyl)ethanamine 7. Yellowish oil; 0.250 g, yield: 67%. 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.20-7.30 (m, 1H; ArH), 7.00 (m, 1H; ArH), 6.95 (m, 1H; ArH), 2.96 (t, 2H; J = 6.6 Hz, CH2), 2.78 (t, 2H; J = 6.6 Hz, CH2), 1.45 ppm (bs, 2H; NH2). The 1H NMR spectrum was according to literature. |
| With hydrogenchloride;aluminium chloride; In diethyl ether; water; | (a) Thiophene-3-ethylamine A solution of anhydrous aluminium chloride (26.6 g) in diethylether (100 ml) was added to a stirred suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (7.6 g) in ether (100 ml) under nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. To the stirred mixture was added thiophene-3-acetonitrile (24.6 g) in ether dropwise over 30 minutes, the exothermic reaction causing the mixture to reflux. After 1 hour water (8 ml) was added cautiously (exothermic) followed by 5M aqueous HCl (400 ml). The aqueous layer was separated and basified to pH~11 with 50% aqueous NaOH (160 ml). The aqueous solution was extracted with dichloromethane (2*200 ml) and the extracts dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to a pale yellow liquid. Distillation gave thiophene-3-ethylamine as a colourless liquid, b.p. 78-79 at 6 mmHg. | |
| With hydrogenchloride;aluminium chloride; In diethyl ether; water; | (a) Thiophene-3-ethylamine A solution of anhydrous aluminium chloride (26.6 g) in diethylether (100 ml) was added to a stirred suspension of lithium aluminium hydride (7.6 g) in ether (100 ml) under nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature. To the stirred mixture was added thiophene-3-acetonitrile (24.6 g) in ether dropwise over 30 minutes, the exothermic reaction causing the mixture to reflux. After 1 hour water (8 ml) was added cautiously (exothermic) followed by 5M aqueous hydrochloric acid (400 ml). The aqueous layer was separate and basified to pH ~11 with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide (160 ml). The aqueous solution was extracted with dichloromethane (2*200 ml) and the extracts dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to a pale yellow liquid (25.0 g). Distillation gave thiophene-3-ethylamine as a colourless liquid, b.p. 78-79 at 6 mmHg. |
| Thiophen-3-yl-acetonitrile (5.0 g, 40.6 mmol) was dissolved in 50 mL THF. BH3-THF (61 mL, 1M in THF) was added slowly. The reaction was heated to 60 C. overnight then quenched carefully with 4% aqueous HCl until no effervescence was observed. The crude reaction mixture was then partitioned between EtOAc and water (300 mL each). The aqueous layer was acidified with 30% NaOH to pH 12 and the product was extracted into DCM/EtOH (4:1, 3×). The organic extracts were dried over MgSO4 and concentrated to give 2.9 g of the subtitle compound as an oil. | ||
| With dimethylsulfide borane complex; In tetrahydrofuran; at 70℃; for 15h; | To a solution of 2-<strong>[13781-53-8](thiophen-3-yl)acetonitrile</strong> (3.02 g, 24.3 mmol) in THF (48 mL), borane-methyl sulfide complex (3.5 mL, 35.4 mmol)was added dropwise and then stirred for 15 h at 70.After completion, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and diluted with MeOH. HCl solutionin MeOH was added and stirred at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated in vacuum andwashed with Et2O to yield 5a.MS: 128.1[M+H]+. |

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 340 mg (78%) | With NaH; In methanol; 2-ethoxy-ethanol; dichloromethane; mineral oil; | EXAMPLE 101 (8-Ethyl-7-imino-6-thiophen-3-yl-7,8-dihydro-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenylamine To a suspension of NaH (60% in mineral oil, 27 mg) in 5 mL of 2-ethoxyethanol was added 3-thiopheneacetonitrile (168 mg, 1.36 mmol). After stirring for 5 minutes at room temperature, 4-ethylamino-2-phenylamino-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde (300 mg, 1.24 mmol) was added, and the reaction heated at 120 C. for 2 hours, resulting in a dark brown solution. Upon cooling, the solution was poured into water which caused precipitation. The resulting precipitate was removed by filtration and washed with water. The crude product was purified by flash chromatography, eluding with 5% methanol/methylene chloride, followed by 10% methanol/methylene chloride. Concentration of product fractions yielded 340 mg (78%) of (8-ethyl-7-imino-6-thiophen-3-yl-7,8-dihydro-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenylamine; mp 220-222 C. Mass spectrum (CI) 348 (M+). |
[ 13781-53-8 ]

[ 13781-53-8 ]
[ 17649-86-4 ]
[ 13781-53-8 ]

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 18% | With lithium hexamethyldisilazane; In tetrahydrofuran; for 0.833333h;Inert atmosphere; | Step 1 : 2-(thiophen-3-yl)butanenitrileA cooled solution of 2-(3-thienyl)acetonitrile (3.144 g, 25.52 mmol) in TΗF (30 mL) under nitrogen was treated with LΗMDS in TΗF (22.70 g, 25.51 mL of 1 M, 25.50 mmol) dropwise over a period of 20 minutes. The mixture was allowed to stir for 30 minutes and then treated with iodoethane (4.180 g, 2.144 mL, 26.80 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at RT for a further hour and then quenched by the addition of MeOH and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc (2x). The combined organics were dried (MgSO4), filtered, concentrated and purified by column chromatography (6: 1 Petroleum ether/EtOAc) to give the product as an oil (708mg, 18% Yield). 1H NMR (CDCB, 400 MHz) δ 1.08 (3H, t), 1.93- 2.00 (2H, q), 3.86 (IH, m), 7.03 (IH, m), 7.25 (IH, m), 7.37 (IH, m) |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 94% | Thiophen-3-yl-acetonitrile (2.0 g, 16.2 mmol)Soluble in tetrahydrofuran (36mL),The borane-dimethyl sulfide complex (3.0 mL, 30.4 mmol) was slowly added, and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 16 hours. At room temperature, the reaction was quenched by the slow addition of methanol.Then add saturated hydrogen chloride / methanol solution (10mL),Stir at room temperature for 20 minutes, concentrate to give a solid initial product.Wash with diethyl ether (20 mL).The compound 41A was obtained as a white solid (2.5 g, yield: 94%). | |
| 94% | Preparation 1; 2-Thiophene-3-yl-ethylamine hydrochloride; Slowly add borane methyl sulfide complex (30.4 mL, 304.4 mmol) to a solution of thiophen-3-yl-acetonitrile (25.0 g, 203.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (450 mL). Heat the reaction at reflux for 16 h and then cool to RT. Slowly quench the reaction with methanol (50 mL) until no foaming is observed. To this mixture slowly add methanol (100 mL) which is saturated with hydrogen chloride. Stir the mixture at RT for 20 min before concentrating in vacuo. Add methanol (100 mL) to the mixture and concentrate in vacuo. Suspend the resulting solid in diethyl ether (200 mL) and filter to afford 31.1 g (94%) of the crude title compound. MS/ES m/z 128.3 [M+H]+. | |
| 94% | Step 1. 2-Thiophene-3-yl-ethylamine hydrochloride; Slowly add borane methyl sulfide complex (30.4 mL, 304.4 mmol) to a solution of thiophen-3-yl-acetonitrile (25.0 g, 203.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (450 mL). Heat the reaction at reflux for 16 h and then cool to RT. Slowly quench the reaction with methanol (50 mL) until no foaming is observed. To this mixture slowly add methanol (100 mL) which is saturated with hydrogen chloride. Stir the mixture at RT for 20 min before concentrating in vacuo. Add methanol (100 mL) to the mixture and concentrate in vacuo. Suspend the resulting solid in diethyl ether (200 mL) and filter to afford 31.1 g (94%) of the crude title compound. MS/ES m/z 128.3 [M+H]+ |
| 2-Thiophen-3-yl-ethylamine hydrochloride.A soln. of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile (18.44 g, 0.15 mol) in THF (245 mL) was added dropwise to a RT soln. of 1 M borane.THF complex (300 mL, 0.3 mol) under argon and the resulting mixture was heated to reflux for 3h followed by stirring at RT overnight. The reaction mixture was cautiously quenched with MeOH and subsequently concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in MeOH (150 mL) and 4M HCI in dioxane (105 mL, 2.8 eq.) was added cautiously under vigorous stirring and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. The soln. was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was re-dissolved in MeOH and re-evaporated. This dissolution and evaporation procedure was repeated a further two times to give the crude product as its HCI salt that was suspended in 3:7 'PrOH:EtOAc and stirred for 15 min. The suspension was filtered and the residue was dried in vacuo to give the title compound as a white solid (20.73 g). LC-MS A: tR = 0.33 min; [M+H+MeCN]+ = 169.06. |

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| Production Example 1 Ethyl 5-methyl-4-oxo-2-(thiophen-3-ylmethyl)-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate 515 Milligrams of diethyl 5-amino-3-methylthiophene-2,4-dicarboxylate and 296 mg of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile were added to 8 mL of 4N hydrogen chloride-dioxane solution and stirred for 10 hours. Thereafter the liquid reaction mixture was poured on ice, and its pH was adjusted to 8 - 9 with 25% aqueous ammonia. Whereupon precipitated crystals were recovered by filtration and washed first with water, and then with hexane. The crude crystals were recrystallized from a liquid mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and cyclohexane, to provide 397 mg of the title compound. 1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δ: 1.30(3H,t,J=7, 1Hz),2.81(3H,s), 3.97(2H,s),4.30(2H,q,J=7.1Hz),7.0-7.6(3H,m),12.74(1H,br s) MS(m/z):334(M+) | ||
| With hydrogenchloride; In 1,4-dioxane; cyclohexane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; | 1-a : Synthesis of ethyl 5-methyl-4-oxo-2-(thiophen-3-ylmethyl)-3,4-dihydrothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxylate To 8 mL of 4N hydrogen chloride in dioxane solution, 515 mg of diethyl 5-amino-3-methylthiophene-2,4-dicarboxylate and 296 mg of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile were added, and stirred for 10 hours. Thereafter the liquid reaction mixture was poured on ice, and its pH was adjusted to 8-9 with 25% aqueous ammonia. Whereupon precipitated crystals were recovered by filtration and washed with water and hexane, by the order stated. The crude crystals were recrystallized from a liquid mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and cyclohexane, to provide 397 mg of the title compound. 1H-NMR(DMSO-d6)δ:1.30(3H,t,J=7.1Hz),2.81(3H,s),3.97(2H,s), 4.30(2H,q,J=7.1Hz),7.0-7.6(3H,m),12.74(1H,br s) MS(m/z):334(M+) |
[ 13781-53-8 ]
[ 29540-62-3 ]
[ 13781-53-8 ]
[ 52406-49-2 ]
[ 13781-53-8 ]

[ 13781-53-8 ]
[ 57908-42-6 ]
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| With sodium ethanolate; cyclopentanone; In ethanol; at 60℃; for 4h; | 0.1 mol of acetonitrile compound is added to a solution of 0.1 mol of sodium ethanolate in 50 ml of ethanol, and then 0.1 mol of ketone compound is added. The mixture is heated at 60o C. for 4 hours, and the resulting solution is then concentrated under reduced pressure to half the initial volume and subsequently poured into 200 ml of water. Following extraction with ether, the ethereal fractions are washed with water and dried over magnesium sulphate and the solvent is evaporated off. The product so obtained will be used in the following step without additional purification. The expected intermediate is obtained in the manner described in General Protocol A starting from 3-thienylacetonitrile and cyclopentanone. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 1.53 g (46%) | With lithium hexamethyldisilazane; In tetrahydrofuran; ethyl acetate; | EXAMPLE 29A 2-(3-thienyl)propanenitrile A solution of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile (3.0 g, 24.4 mmol) in THF (15 mL) was added dropwise to a solution comprising 1M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (25.5 mL, 25.5 mmol) in THF (100 mL) at -70 C., stirred for 30 minutes, warmed to -50 C., stirred for 2 hours, treated dropwise with iodomethane (1.67 mL, 26.8 mmol), warmed to room temperature, and stirred for 18 hours. The reaction mixture was partitioned between 10% NH4Cl solution and dichloromethane, dried (Na2SO4), filtered, and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel with 25% ethyl acetate in hexanes to provide 1.53 g (46%)the desired product. MS (DCI/NH3) m/z 138 (M+H)+; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.36 (dd, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.06 (dd, 1H), 3.99 (q, 1H), 1.66 (d, 3H). |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 2.40 g (65%) | With lithium hexamethyldisilazane; In tetrahydrofuran; ethyl acetate; | EXAMPLE 34A 2-methyl-2-(3 -thienyl)propanenitrile A solution of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile (3.0 g, 24.4 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was treated with 1M lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in THF (51.2 mL, 51.2 mmol) at -50 C., stirred for 2 hours, treated with iodomethane (3.18 mL, 51.1 mmol), warmed to room temperature, stirred for 2 hours, and partitioned between 10% ammonium chloride and dichloromethane. The organic fraction was dried (Na2SO4), filtered, and concentrated. The concentrate was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel with 15% ethyl acetate in hexanes to provide 2.40 g (65%) of the desired product. MS (DCI/NH3) M/Z 152 (M+H)+; 1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.36 (dd, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.12 (dd, 1H), 1.72 (s, 6H). |
[ 13781-53-8 ]
[ 54305-90-7 ]
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| With sodium chloride; potassium carbonate; In n-heptane; water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; | EXAMPLE 18 (+-) cis 2-Methyl-1-(3-thienyl)cyclohexane Carbonitrile 43 g of potash in 160 ml of DMF is placed in a 500 ml three-necked flask. The reaction medium is cooled down to -10 C. and a solution of 17.6 g of 3-thienylacetonitrile in 40 ml of DMF is added dropwise over 30 minutes while maintaining the temperature at -10 C. Agitation is then carried out for 20 minutes. A solution of 24.7 g of 1,5-dichlorohexane in 40 ml of DMF is then added over 30 minutes at -10 C. Agitation is then carried out for 15 minutes, and the reaction medium is allowed to return to 20-25 C. over 1.5 hours. Agitation is then carried out for 18 hours at 25 C., then for 4 hours at 60 C. The temperature is allowed to return to 20-25 C. after driving off the DMF under vacuum, followed by taking up in 1 l of water. Extraction is carried out using 600 ml then 400 ml of heptane. The organic phase is washed with 400 ml of water then 400 ml of a solution of sodium chloride. The solution obtained is dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and concentrated. After distillation under vacuum, 15.2 g of a colourless oil is obtained corresponding to the desired product (Bp0.08 =114-120 C.). NMR-13 C (CDCl3): 17.9; 23.5; 25.2; 34.7; 39.1; 40.7; 47.8; 121.2; 121.3; 124.7; 126.6; 142.1. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 28.8 g (73.6%) | In diethyl ether; ethanol; di-isopropyl ether; | a) Through 50 ml of ethanol on an ice-bath was bubbled an excess of hydrochloric acid gas. Then there were added 23.3 g of 3-thiopheneacetonitrile and stirring was continued for 1 hour on ice-bath. The mixture was put overnight in a refrigerator and then evaporated at 40 C. with 2,2'-oxybispropane. The residue was stirred in 1,1'-oxybisethane and the precipitate was filtered off and dried at room temperature, yielding 28.8 g (73.6%) of O-ethyl 3-thiopheneethanimidate hydrochloride (interm. 20); |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 72.3% | EXAMPLE 21 α-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzylidene)thiophene-3-acetonitrile was obtained in the same method as in Referential Example 1 except that 1.96 g (10.0 mmol) of 2,3,4-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (purchased from Tokyo Kasei) was used instead of 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde and that 1.23 g (10.0 mmol) of thiophen-3-ylacetonitrile (purchased from Tokyo Kasei) was used instead of 4-bromophenylacetonitrile, and 376 mg (yield: 72.3%) of the compound as a yellow crystalline represented by the following formula was obtained in the same method as in Example 1 except that 603 mg (2.0 mmol) of the above α-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzylidene)thiophene-3-acetonitrile was used instead of α-cyano-4-bromo-2',4',5'-trimethoxystilbene: STR144 melting point of the obtained compound was 243-245.5 C. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| With hydrogenchloride; In water; dimethyl sulfoxide; mineral oil; | EXAMPLE 6 A solution of thiophene-3-acetonitrile (30 g) and 1-bromo-2-chloroethane (40.8 ml) in dimethyl sulphoxide (120 ml) was added slowly dropwise to a well stirred suspension of sodium hydride (60% dispersion in mineral oil; 38.8 g) in dimethyl sulphoxide (800 ml) at 30-35 C. The solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 21 hours then water (100 ml) was carefully added followed by hydrochloric acid (2M; 100 ml). The mixture was extracted with ether (6*80 ml) and the combined extracts washed with water (2*100 ml) then brine and then dried over magnesium sulphate. The solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue washed with petroleum ether (bp 60-80 C.) before distillation under reduced pressure which gave 1-(3-thienyl)cyclopropanecarbonitrile as an oil (26.3 g), bp 82-86 C./2 mbar. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 90% | With potassium carbonate; In methanol; for 3h;Heating / reflux; | Example 158; 2-(3-fluorophenvD-7- [(3>_>)-piperidin-3-ylaminol thieno [2,3-c| pyridine-4-earboxamide; (2Z)-3-cvano-3-(3-thienyl)acrvHc acid; To 3-thiopheneacetonitrile (166 mmol) is added glyoxylic acid (174 mmol), MeOH (332 mL) and potassium carbonate (174 mmol). The resulting mixture is heated to reflux for three hours followed by cooling to rt. The resultant solid is filtered, rinsed with MeOH, and dried in a vacuum oven to afford the title compound (26.6 g, 90% yield). LCMS (ES, M-H=I 78). |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| In toluene; | Example 12 4,4-Dimethyl-2-(3'-thienyl)-3-oxopentanenitrile 116 grams (1 mole) of methyl pivalate, 60 grams (2 moles) of sodium hydride (80 weight % in white oil) and 184.7 grams (1.5 moles) of thiophene-3-acetonitrile were reacted as described in Examples 8 in 750 ml of dry toluene. The reaction time was 24 hours. The crystalline crude proudct was distilled for purification. There were obtained 109 grams (53% of theory) of 4,4-dimethyl-2-(3'-thienyl)-3-oxopentanenitrile at a boiling point of 112 C./0.4 Torr and the product had a melting point of 45-47 C. Analysis: C11 H13 NOS (207.3); Calculated: 63.73, H 6.32, N 6.76, S 15.47; Found: 63.60, H 6.34, N 6.64, S 14.90. 1 H-NMR (CDCl3): δ=7.4-7.0 (m, 3H) HThiophene; 5.33 (S, 1H) CH--CN; 1.22 ppm (S, 9H) C (CH3)3. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| With hydrogenchloride; In N-methyl-acetamide; | EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of alpha-(3-thienyl)-alpha,alpha-cyclotetramethylene-acetonitrile In a 250 ml-flask fitted as in Example 1 hereabove, were placed 4.5 g (0.2 mol) of sodium hydride and 70 ml (0.2 mol) of dimethylformamide. The reaction medium was cooled to -15 C and then a mixture of 12.3 g (0.1 mol) of (3-thienyl)-acetonitrile and 22.4 g (0.11 mol) of 1,4-dibromo-butane was added drop-by-drop, care being taken that the temperature did not exceed -10 C. This operation was effected in about 45 minutes. The reaction medium was then allowed to return slowly to room temperature and stirring was maintained for 12 hours. The solution was then slowly poured into 100 ml of a 1N iced solution of hydrochloric acid. The mixture was extracted three times with 100 ml of ether. The ethereal phases were collected, dried and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product so obtained was then purified by distillation. In this manner, 11 g of alpha-(3-thienyl)-alpha,alpha-cyclotetramethylene-acetonitrile were obtained, which represents a yield of 56%. B.P. 122 C under 3 mm Hg. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 16% | With hydrogenchloride; nitrogen; In ethanol; cyclohexane; benzene; | EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of α-(3-thienyl)-α-cyclohexyl-acetonitrile In a 100 ml-flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer, a vertical condensor protected by a calcium chloride stopper, a dropping-funnel and a source of nitrogen were introduced 30 ml of hexamethylenephosphotriamide and 2.3 g (0.1 mol) of finely cut sodium wire. A mixture of 12.3 g (0.1 mol) of (3-thienyl)-acetonitrile and 16.3 g (0.1 mol) of cyclohexyl bromide was then quickly added at a temperature of 20 C. The reaction mixture was then maintained under nitrogen atmosphere and stirred for 12 hours at room-temperature. The excess of sodium was destroyed by adding 5 ml of ethanol and the organic solution was slowly poured into 100 ml of a 1N iced solution of hydrochloric acid. The solution was extracted twice with 100 ml ether. The ethereal phases were collected, washed with water, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by chromatography on a silica column (150 g of silica) using a 1/1 benzene/cyclohexane mixture as elution agent. The product obtained was rectified by distillation. In this manner, 3.4 g of α-(3-thienyl)-α-cyclohexyl-acetonitrile were obtained, which represents a yield of 16%. B.P. 130 C under 3 mm Hg. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 52% | With hydrogenchloride; In ethanol; cyclohexane; benzene; | EXAMPLE 2 Preparation of α-(3-thienyl)-α-cyclohexyl-acetonitrile In a flask fitted as in Example 1 hereabove, were placed 350 ml of anhydrous benzene, 86 g (0.7 mol) of (3-thienyl)-acetonitrile and 114 g (0.7 mol) of cyclohexyl bromide. Under nitrogen atmosphere, a suspension of 27 g of sodium amide in 250 ml of anhydrous benzene were added to the mixture. The reaction was exothermic and, for this reason, the sodium amide was introduced into the reaction medium slowly so that the temperature was maintained between 20 and 25 C. After this operation, the reaction medium was stirred for three hours at room-temperature. Then, 50 ml of ethanol were added and the solution was slowly poured into 1 liter of a 1N solution of hydrochloric acid. The benzene phase was decanted and the aqueous phase was extracted with 500 ml of ether. The organic phases were collected, washed with water, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was then purified by chromatography on a column of silica (800 g of silica) using a 1/1 benzene/cyclohexane mixture as elution agent. In this manner, 75 g of α-(3-thienyl)-α-cyclohexyl-acetonitrile were obtained, which represents a yield of 52%. |
| With hydrogenchloride; In N-methyl-acetamide; | EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of α-(3-thienyl)-α-cyclohexyl-acetonitrile In a 100 ml-flask fitted as in Example 1 hereabove, were placed 45 ml of dimethylformamide and 4 g (0.165 mol) of a suspension of sodium hydride in oil. The reaction mixture was cooled to -20 C by means of a bath comprising acetone and carbon dioxide ice and, then a mixture of 27 g (0.165 mol) of cyclohexyl bromide and 20 g (0.15 mol) of (3-thienyl)-acetonitrile was slowly added under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction was strongly exothermic and the medium was maintained at a temperature of -20 C. Stirring was continued for two hours at -20 C, after which the temperature was allowed to return slowly to room-temperature, the mixture being stirred and maintained under nitrogen atmosphere all the time. The reaction was allowed to continue for 12 hours at +20 C and then the mixture was poured into 150 ml of a 1N iced solution of hydrochloric acid. The aqueous solution was extracted twice with 100 ml of ether, the ethereal phases were collected, washed with water, dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product so obtained was then distilled. In this manner, 16 g of α-(3-thienyl)-α-cyclohexyl-acetonitrile were obtained, which represents a yield of 50%. B.P. 130-135 C under 3 mm Hg. Following the same procedure as that described above but using the appropriate starting-products the compound hereunder was prepared: |

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