[ CAS No. 534-17-8 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

Name: 534-17-8|Cesium carbonate|98%
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Quality Control of [ 534-17-8 ]

COA NMR CNMR HPLC LC-MS

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SDS Specification

Alternatived Products of [ 534-17-8 ]

Product Details of [ 534-17-8 ]

CAS No. :	534-17-8	MDL No. :	MFCD00010957
Formula :	Cs₂CO₃	Boiling Point :	-
Linear Structure Formula :	-	InChI Key :	FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L
M.W :	325.82	Pubchem ID :	10796
Synonyms :

Calculated chemistry of [ 534-17-8 ]

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms :	6
Num. arom. heavy atoms :	0
Fraction Csp3 :	0.0
Num. rotatable bonds :	0
Num. H-bond acceptors :	3.0
Num. H-bond donors :	0.0
Molar Refractivity :	6.77
TPSA :	63.19 Å²

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption :	Low
BBB permeant :	No
P-gp substrate :	No
CYP1A2 inhibitor :	No
CYP2C19 inhibitor :	No
CYP2C9 inhibitor :	No
CYP2D6 inhibitor :	No
CYP3A4 inhibitor :	No
Log Kp (skin permeation) :	-8.38 cm/s

Lipophilicity

Log Po/w (iLOGP) :	0.0
Log Po/w (XLOGP3) :	-0.13
Log Po/w (WLOGP) :	-2.45
Log Po/w (MLOGP) :	-1.6
Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT) :	-0.44
Consensus Log Po/w :	-0.92

Druglikeness

Lipinski :	0.0
Ghose :	None
Veber :	0.0
Egan :	0.0
Muegge :	1.0
Bioavailability Score :	0.55

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL) :	-1.78
Solubility :	5.43 mg/ml ; 0.0167 mol/l
Class :	Very soluble
Log S (Ali) :	-0.74
Solubility :	58.8 mg/ml ; 0.181 mol/l
Class :	Very soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT) :	1.49
Solubility :	10000.0 mg/ml ; 30.8 mol/l
Class :	Soluble

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS :	0.0 alert
Brenk :	0.0 alert
Leadlikeness :	0.0
Synthetic accessibility :	2.4

Safety of [ 534-17-8 ]

Signal Word:	Danger	Class:	N/A
Precautionary Statements:	P201-P202-P260-P273-P280-P305+P351+P338+P310-P308+P313-P405-P501	UN#:	N/A
Hazard Statements:	H318-H361-H373-H402	Packing Group:	N/A
GHS Pictogram:

Application In Synthesis of [ 534-17-8 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

Upstream synthesis route of [ 534-17-8 ]
Downstream synthetic route of [ 534-17-8 ]

[ 534-17-8 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream 1~16

1
[ 71-41-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 2050-94-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
70%	at 70℃; for 18 h; Sealed tube	General procedure: A mixture of cinnamyl alcohol (67.1 mg, 0.5mmol), Cs2CO3 (325.8 mg, 1 mmol) and 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) (0.1 mL) in dibromomethane (1 mL) was equipped with a seal tube and stirred for 18 h at 70° C. The reaction mixture was evaporated and purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel) (2percent Ether/hexane) to obtain dicinnamyl carbonate (1a) 69.0 mg (94percent).

Reference： [1] Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society, 2014, vol. 35, # 2, p. 622 - 624

2
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 64-19-7 ]
[ 3396-11-0 ]

Reference： [1] Journal of the Chemical Society, [2] Journal of the Chemical Society, 1922, vol. 121, p. 1841
[3] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 69, page 240 - 242,
[4] Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, [5] Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1993, vol. 619, p. 1462 - 1464
[6] Patent: US2015/18566, 2015, A1, . Location in patent: Paragraph 0897; 0898; 0899; 0900; 0901; 0902; 0903

3
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 3396-11-0 ]

Reference： [1] Synthetic Communications, 1983, vol. 13, # 7, p. 553 - 558

4
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Angewandte Chemie - International Edition, 2005, vol. 44, # 27, p. 4169 - 4172

5
[ 144-62-7 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 1924, vol. 16, p. 1280 - 1280
[2] , Gmelin Handbook: Rb: MVol., 1, page 1 - 20,

6
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Ann. Chim. Phys., 1907, vol. 11, p. 393 - 393
[2] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 66, page 233 - 235,
[3] Ann. Chim. Phys., 1907, vol. 11, p. 392 - 392
[4] Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1906, vol. 142, p. 1151 - 1151
[5] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 5, page 112 - 115,

7
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Z. Anorg. Chem., 1926, vol. 152, p. 53 - 53
[2] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 66, page 233 - 235,
[3] Z. Anorg. Chem., 1926, vol. 152, p. 53 - 53
[4] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 6, page 115 - 117,

8
[ 815-81-6 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Chem. News J. Ind. Sci., 1862, vol. 6, p. 267 - 267
[2] Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig), 1863, vol. 88, p. 83 - 83
[3] Zeitschrift fuer Analytische Chemie, 1863, vol. 2, p. 70 - 70
[4] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 70, page 242 - 244,

9
[ 15519-28-5 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Seances de l'Academie des Sciences, 1909, vol. 149, p. 719 - 719
[2] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 67, page 235 - 237,

10
[ 3495-36-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Journal of General Chemistry USSR (English Translation), 1982, vol. 52, p. 1063 - 1067[2] Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 1982, vol. 52, p. 1209 - 1213

11
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Annales de Chimie (Cachan, France), 1914, vol. 2, p. 209 - 209
[2] , Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 57, page 216 - 218,

12
[ 3396-11-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 67-64-1 ]

Reference： [1] Doklady Chemistry (English Translation), 1988, vol. 300, p. 182 - 184[2] Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 1988, vol. 300, p. 1143 - 1146

13
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1995, vol. 621, p. 201 - 206

14
[ 3495-36-1 ]
[ 34557-54-5 ]
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Journal of Thermal Analysis, 1987, vol. 32, p. 1243 - 1252

15
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1980, vol. 462, p. 185 - 198

16
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Reference： [1] Zeitschrift fuer Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie, 1980, vol. 462, p. 185 - 198

[ 534-17-8 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream 1~81

1
[ 16695-22-0 ]
[ 172690-71-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
C₂₉H₃₁N₃O₆S [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Tetrahedron Letters,1999,vol. 40,p. 3447 - 3450

2
[ 16695-22-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 115078-43-8 ]
C₂₇H₂₉N₅O₆S [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Tetrahedron Letters,1999,vol. 40,p. 3447 - 3450

3
[ 932711-47-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 85916-13-8 ]
[ 932711-48-3 ]
tert-butyl 2-[N-[(tert-butyl)oxycarbonyl]methyl}(2-{2-[2-(4-iodophenoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)carbonylamino]acetate [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of Medicinal Chemistry,2007,vol. 50,p. 962 - 978

4
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 23978-09-8 ]
Cs[18F]F/K_2.2.2 complex [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With [18]F-fluoride; In acetonitrile; at 100 - 120℃; for 0.333333 - 0.5h;	First example:18F-fluoride (up to 40 GBq) was azeotropically dried in the presence of Kryptofix 222 (5 mg in 1.5 ml MeCN) and cesium carbonate (2,3 mg in 0.5 ml water) by heating under a stream of nitrogen at 110-1200C for 20-30 minutes. During this time 3 * 1 ml MeCN were added and evaporated. After drying, a solution of the precursor (2 mg) in 150 mul DMSO was added. The reaction vessel was sealed and heated at 50-700C for 5-15 mins to effect labeling. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and dilute with water (2.7 ml). The crude reaction mixture was analyzed using an analytical HPLC. The product was obtained by preparative radio HPLC to give to desired 18F labeled peptide.

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2008/28688,2008,A2 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 62-63

5
[ 621-84-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 57848-46-1 ]
[ 777089-26-6 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
66%	With hydrogen In toluene at 95 - 100℃; for 24h;	21.I To an oven dried flask was added 4-bromo-2-fluorobenzaldehyde (50 g, 0.247 mol, 1.0 equiv. ), benzyl carbarmate (45 g, 0.297 mol, 1.2 equiv. ), rac-BINAP (12.5 g, 0.020 mol, 0.08 equiv. ), CS2C03 (115 g, 0.353 mol, 1.42 equiv. ) and Pd2 (dba) 3 (9.15 g, 0.01 mol, 0.04 equiv. ). Then, the flask was degassed and refilled with nitrogen. Anhydrous toluene (500 mL) was transferred into flask by cannula. The resulting suspension was stirred at 95°-100°C for 24 hours and cooled down to 23°C. The reaction mixture was diluted with NH4C1 aqueous (1000 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3X300 mL). The combined organic layers were washed (brine), dried (Na2SO4), filtered and evaporated to dry. The residue was purified by chromatography on a silica gel column, eluting with a gradient increasing in polarity from 0 to 20% ethyl acetate in hexane. Relevant fractions were combined to give the desired compound. Yield 44.7 g (66%). HPLC (SYMMETRY C18 3.5 µM, 4.6 x 30 mm column; gradient elution 2%- 98% MECN with 0. 1% TFA over 5 min; 2 mL/min rate): retention time = 2.87 min. 'H NMR (300 MHz, CDC13) : 5.23 (s, 2H), 6.98 (bs, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (bs, 5H), 7.57 (d, J= 12. 6 Hz, 1H), 7.80 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 10.23 (s, 1H).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - WO2004/89943, 2004, A1 Location in patent: Page 99-100

6
syn-2-chloro-5-fluoro-N-[4-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoylamino)-cyclohexyl]-nicotinamide [ No CAS ]
[ 827-99-6 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
syn-5-fluoro-N-[4-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoylamino)-cyclohexyl]-2-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-nicotinamide [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In methanol; diethyl ether; dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide;	Example 195 Syn-5-Fluoro-N-[4-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoylamino)-cyclohexyl]-2-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-nicotinamide syn-2-Chloro-5-fluoro-N-[4-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoylamino)-cyclohexyl]-nicotinamide (150 mg, 0.37 mmol, see preparation 67) was mixed with caesium carbonate (602 mg, 1.85 mmol) and <strong>[827-99-6]3-trifluoromethoxyphenol</strong> (240 mul, 1.85 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (5 ml) and the reaction mixture was heated at 650C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous layer was adjusted to pH 4 by addition of citric acid and the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulphate and concentrated in-vacuo. The residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel using methanol in dichloromethane as eluant (gradient from 0:100 to 1:99). The material isolated was further purified by chromatography on silica gel using methanol in dichloromethane (0.5:99.5). The material obtained was re-suspended in diethyl ether and the solid formed was isolated by filtration to give syn-5-fluoro-N-[4-(2-hydroxy-4-methyl-benzoylamino)-cyclohexyl]-2-(3-trifluoromethoxy-phenoxy)-nicotinamide as a white solid (54 mg). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta 1.70 (m, 8H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 3.90 (m, 2H), 6.70 (m, 2H), 7.24 (m, 3H), 7.52 (m, 1H), 7.77 (d, 1H), 8.01 (d, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H), 8.34 (m, 2H), 12.32 (s, 1H); LCMS (electrospray): m/z [M-H]- 546.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2003/220361,2003,A1

7
[ 65079-19-8 ]
(2R)-(2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[7-chloro-thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-2-yl]-methanone [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
(2S)-(2-Methoxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[7-(2-methyl-quinolin-6ylamino)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-2-yl]-methanone [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide	123.B B. B. (2S)-(2-Methoxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-[7-(2-methyl-quinolin-6ylamino)-thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-2-yl]-methanone Cesium Carbonate (117 mg, 0.36 mmol) was added to a solution of (7-chloro-thieno[3,2-b]pyridin-2-yl)-(2-hydroxymethyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-methanone 1(56 mg, 0.18 mmol) in DMF (4 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to 85° C. for 1.5 hours with stirring. After cooling to room temperature, 2-methyl-quinolin-6-ylamine (57 mg, 0.36 mmol) was added to the reaction mixture, and the resulting mixture was heated to 90° C. for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was treated with water and extracted with EtOAc (3*15 mL). The combined organic extracts were was dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel with CH2Cl2/MeOH (95/5) afforded the title compound as a white solid. MS: 435 (MH+); HPLC Rf: 5.35 min; HPLC purity: 97%.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: PFIZER INC - US2002/42409, 2002, A1

8
palladium-II-acetate [ No CAS ]
[ 445003-37-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
2,2'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl [ No CAS ]
[ 100-46-9 ]
4-benzylamino-2-methyl-benzoic acid tert-butyl ester [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In toluene	1.e e. e. tert.butyl 4-benzylamino-2-methyl-benzoate 21.5 g (77 mmol) of tert.butyl 4-bromo-2-methyl-benzoate and 10.2 g (93.2 mmol) of benzylamine are dissolved in 250 ml of toluene and after the addition of 38 g (116.6 mmol) of caesium carbonate, 1.8 g (7.8 mmol) of palladium-II-acetate and 4.9 g (7.8 mmol) of 2,2'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl heated to 100° C. for 23 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling the solution is filtered and evaporated down. The residue is chromatographed on silica gel, eluding with petroleum ether/ethyl acetate (95:5). Yield: 16.7 g (72% of theoretical), Rf value: 0.3 (silica gel; petroleum ether/ethyl acetate=9: 1)

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: C.H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG - US2002/151595, 2002, A1

9
[ 625-92-3 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
2,2'-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl [ No CAS ]
[ 283-38-5 ]
4-(5-Bromo-pyridin-3-yl)-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane Hydrobromide [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With ammonium hydroxide; hydrogen bromide In tetrahydrofuran; methanol; ethanol; chloroform; water; acetic acid	4 4-(5-Bromo-3-pyridyl)-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane Hydrobromide (2:1) 4-(5-Bromo-3-pyridyl)-1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane Hydrobromide (2:1) A solution containing 1.0 g (7.92 mmol) of 1,4-diazabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane and 2.82 g (11.89 mmol) of 3,5-dibromopyridine in 20 ml of tetrahydrofuran is added to a suspension of 71 mg (0.32 mmol) of palladium(II) acetate, 3.6 g (11.09 mmol) of caesium carbonate and 0.197 mg (0.32 mmol) of 2,2'-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl in 45 ml of tetrahydrofuran, in a 250 ml three-necked round-bottomed flask. The reaction medium is heated for 22 h. The suspension is cooled and diluted with 65 ml of chloroform. The precipitate is removed by filtration and the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure to give 4.4 g of a dark brown solid. The product is purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluding with a 95/5/0.5 mixture of chloroform, methanol and aqueous ammonia. 1.25 g of pure product are obtained, which product is dissolved in 10 ml of ethanol and treated with 1.6 ml of a 5.7 M solution of hydrobromic acid in acetic acid at 0° C. 1.79 g of product are obtained, which product is recrystallized from 20 ml of an 86/14 mixture of ethanol/water. 1.14 g of product are thus obtained in the form of a pale yellow solid. Melting point: 266-276° C.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: SANOFI - US6407095, 2002, B1

10
[ 58929-72-9 ]
[ 19438-10-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
methyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzoate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In N-methyl-acetamide; dichloromethane;	Method K 3-(2-Methoxy-ethoxy)-benzoic acid methyl ester To a solution of methyl 3-hydroxybenzoate (5.7 g) and 2-bromoethylmethyl ether (5.2 g) in dimethylformamide (100 ml) was added caesium carbonate (24.3 g). The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours. The mixture was then patitioned between ethyl acetate (400 ml) and water (400 ml). The organic layer was separated, dried (MgSO4) and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (Biotage 12M, eluding iso-hexane then MeOH:dichloromethane 2:98) to give the product as a colourless oil (5.3 g). 1H NMR: (CDCl3) δ 3.44 (3H, s), 3.75 (2H, t), 3.89 (3H, s), 4.15 (2H, t), 7.13 (1H, ddd), 7.32 (1H, t), 7.57 (1H, dd), 7.62 (1H, dt).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2002/77337,2002,A1

11
[ 74204-00-5 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 96-32-2 ]
[ 331415-26-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In acetonitrile;	The compound N-[4'-(4-guanidinocarbonylphenoxymethyl)biphenyl-4-carbcnyl]guanidine is obtained analogously. EXAMPLE 5 A solution of 7.0 g of <strong>[74204-00-5]3-bromo-5-methylphenol</strong> and 5.97 g of methyl bromoacetate and also 13 g of caesium carbonate in 100 ml of acetonitrile is stirred overnight at room temperature. After customary working up, 9.70 g of methyl 3-bromo-5-methylphenoxyacetate ("AB") are obtained.

Reference： [1]Patent: US6380430,2002,B1

12
1,2-diethyoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-ene [ No CAS ]
[ 72594-77-5 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 64-19-7 ]
ethyl-(S)-3-[4-(2,7-naphthyridin-1-yloxy)phenyl]-2-[2-ethoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-enylamino]propanoate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
60%	In ethanol; ethyl acetate; N,N-dimethyl-formamide;	EXAMPLE 20 Ethyl-(S)-3-[4-(2,7-naphthyridin-1-yloxy)phenyl]-2-[2-ethoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-enylamino]propanoate A solution of N-tbutoxycarbonyl-(S)-tyrosine ethyl ester (5 g, 16.2 mmol) in DMF (80 ml) was treated with caesium carbonate (5.36 g) and the compound of Intermediate 3 (2,7 g) and stirred at room temperature for 16 h then concentrated and purified by chromatography (SiO2; EtOAc). The product was dissolved in EtOAc and treated with excess HCl gas and the white precipitate isolated by filtration and dried, dissolved in ethanol (100 ml) and treated with Hunigs base (5.94 ml), 1,2-diethyoxy-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-ene and stirred at room temperature for 16 h. The solution was concentrated in vacuo then purified by chromatography (SiO2; EtOAc/hexane 1:4-1:2) to give the title compound (4.5 g, 60%) as a white foamy solid. deltaH (DMSO-d6, 350K), 9.71 (1H, s), 8.81 (1H, d, J 5.8 Hz), 8.15 (1H, d, J 5.8 hz), 7.86 (1H, dd, J 8.1, 1.0 Hz), 7.53 (1H, dd, J 5.8, 1.0 Hz), 7.36 (2H, d, J 8.7 Hz), 7.26 (2H, d, J 8.7 Hz), 4.65 (2H, qd, J 7.1, 1.1 Hz), 4.20 (2H, q, J 7.05 Hz), 3.31 (1H, dd, J 14.1, 5.1 Hz), 3.11 (1H, dd, J 14.1, 9.8 Hz), 1.39 (3H, t, J 7.05 Hz) and 1.24 (3H, t, J 7.1 Hz). m/z (ES+, 70V) 462 (MH+).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2002/115684,2002,A1

13
[ 3056-18-6 ]
[ 57946-56-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 166330-10-5 ]
[ 253127-10-5 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	palladium diacetate; In toluene;	(2R,3R,4R,5R)4-(acetyloxy)-2-[(acetyloxy)methyl]-5-[2-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoroanilino)-9H-purin-9-yl]tetrahydrofuran-3-yl acetate To a stirred solution of 2,6-dichloro-9-(2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-9H-purine 2(1.09) in toluene (25 ml) was added palladium acetate (50 mg), 4-chloro-2-fluoroaniline (0.5 ml) and bis[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl] ether 3(120 mg) and the reaction stirred at 20 C. for 15 min. Caesium carbonate (872 mg) was added and the mixture heated at 90 C. for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to 20 C. and partitioned between ethyl acetate (100 ml) and water (100 ml). The organic layer was washed with brine (100 ml), dried with magnesium sulphate and the solvent removed in vacuo. Purification by flash chromatography on silica gel, eluding with ethyl acetate:cyclohexane (1:1) gave the title compound (400 mg). 2.M. J. Robins and B. Uznanski Canad. J. Chem., 1981, 59(17), 2608 3.J. P. Sadighi, M. C. Harris and S. L. Buchwald Tett. Lett. 1998, 5327-5330 Mass Spectrum m/z 556 [MH+]

Reference： [1]Patent: US6492348,2002,B1

14
[ 34107-31-8 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 138517-61-0 ]
tiglyl methyl carbonate [ No CAS ]
(E)-2-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-propyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one [ No CAS ]
(R)-(3-Methyl-3-buten-2-yl)oxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-propyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With nitrogen; In heptane-ethyl acetate; dichloromethane;	EXAMPLE 9 (R)-(3-Methyl-3-buten-2-yl)oxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-propyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one 5-Hydroxy-2,2dimethyl-10-propyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one (Example 8, 2.03 g, 7.08 mmol) was suspended in dichloromethane (20 ml). Nitrogen was bubbled through the suspension for 15 minutes, then caesium carbonate (115 mg, 0.35 mmol) was added, followed by (+)-1,2-bis-N-[2'-(diphenylphosphino)benzoyl]-1(R),2(R)-diaminocyclohexane (285 mg, 0.42 mmol) and dipalladium tris(dibenzylidineacetone)-chloroform adduct (183 mg, 0.35 mmol). The suspension was stirred under nitrogen for 15 minutes, and then (E)-2-methyl-2-butenyl methyl carbonate (3.06 g, 21.2 mmol) was added. The red/brown suspension was heated to reflux under nitrogen for 3.5 h, then the yellow solution was cooled to room temperature. Silica gel (10 g) was added and the solvent was evaporated. The dried silica was applied to a silica column packed in heptane-ethyl acetate (6:1). Elution with heptane-ethyl acetate (6:1) provided the (R)-allylic ether in a 3.3:1 mixture with its allylic regioisomer, i.e. (E)-2-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-propyl-2H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one, as a yellow oil (2.61 g, 104 wt %); ir νmax (NaCl, film) 2974, 1732, 1641, 1593, 1560, 1465, 1593, 1420, 1367, 1342, 1253, 1159, 1121, 1106 and 1051 cm-1; 1H nmr (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 6.69 (1H, d, J 9.9 Hz), 6.37 (1H, s), 5.94 (1H, s), 5.53 (1H, d, J 9.9 Hz), 5.01 (1H, s), 4.93 (1H, s), 4.76 (1H, q, J 6.42 Hz), 2.94-2.83 (2H, m), 1.72 (3H, s), 1.69-1.56 (2H, m), 1.49 (6H, s) and 1.03 (3H, J 7.4 Hz); 13C nmr (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ ppm 161.7, 158.5, 156.5, 152.0, 144.9, 127.2, 117.1, 113.3, 111.2, 107.9, 104.3, 95.1, 78.5, 78.0, 74.9, 38.8, 28.2, 28.1, 23.6, 20.8, 17.7 and 14.5; enantiomeric excess 88% by chiral HPLC.

Reference： [1]Patent: US6313320,2001,B1

15
[ 13737-36-5 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 210834-07-4 ]
[ 261969-07-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
45%	In water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide;	(b) 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl 4-(4-hydroxymethylphenylacetoxymethyl)-phenylacetate (14) To a solution of caesium carbonate (1.63 g, 5.00 mmol) in water (50 ml) was added 4-bromomethylphenylacetic acid (12) (1.15 g, 5.00 mmol), and the mixture was refluxed for one hour. After cooling, the reaction mixture was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue obtained was suspended in DMF (10 ml). Thereto was added 2,2,2-trichloroethyl 4-bromomethylphenylacetate (13) (1.80 g, 5.00 mmol), and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. Water was added and the mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine, and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give an oil which was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluent; dichloromethane:ethyl acetate=15:1) to give 2,2,2-trichloroethyl 4-(4-hydroxymethylphenylacetoxymethyl)phenylacetate (14) as a white solid (994 mg, yield 45%).

Reference： [1]Patent: US5998595,1999,A

16
1-[2-(2,6-dimethyl-4-nitrophenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine [ No CAS ]
[ 2423-71-4 ]
[ 7250-67-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 142648-14-4 ]
N-[3,5-Dimethyl-4-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl]-9-methoxybenzo[h]-5,6-dihydroquinazoline-2-amine [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With ammonium formate;palladium on charcoal; In ethanol;	The residue was subjected to column chromatography (3-6% methanol-dichloromethane) to afford the title compound as an off-white solid (37 mg) m.p. 123-126. deltaH(d6 DMSO) 9.28 (1H, s), 8.36 (1H, s), 7.76 (1H, d, J 2.8 Hz), 7.51 (2H, s), 7.26 (1H, d, J 8.3 Hz), 7.01 (1H, dd, J 8.3, 2.8 Hz), 3.85 (3H, s), 3.82 (2H, m), 3.31-2.60 (1H, m), 2.23 (6H, s) and 1.73 (4H, m). 1-[2-(4-amino-2,6-dimethylphenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine was prepared by treating a degassed stirring solution of 1-[2-(2,6-dimethyl-4-nitrophenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine (824 mg, 3.12 mmol) in ethanol (8 ml) with ammonium formate (590 mg, 9.36 mmol) and 10% palladium on charcoal (100 mg) for 8 h. The mixture was filtered through Celite and evaporated. The residue was subjected to column chromatography (2-6% methanoldichloromethane) to afford the desired product (489 mg) as a pale yellow oil. 8H (CDCl3) 6.33 (2H, s), 3.84 (2H, t, J 6.3 Hz), 3.38 (2H, br s), 2.90 (2H, t, J 6.3 Hz), 2.65 (4H, m), 2.20 (6H, s) and 1.83 (4H, m). MS (ES+) 235 (MH+) 1-[2-(2,6-dimethyl-4-nitrophenoxy)ethyl]pyrrolidine was prepared in a manner analogous to the alkylation described in Example 1, from <strong>[2423-71-4]2,6-dimethyl-4-nitrophenol</strong> (1.0 g, 5.98 mmol), 1-(2-chloroethyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride (1.52 g, 8.97 mmol) and caesium carbonate (5.83 g, 17.94 mmol) to give the desired product as a brown oil. 6H (CDCl3) 7.89 (2H, s), 3.96 (2H, t, J 6.1 Hz), 2.93 (2H, t, J 6.1 Hz), 2.65 (4H, m), 2.35 (6H, s) and 1.83 (4H, m). MS (ES+) 265 (MH+).

Reference： [1]Patent: US6133257,2000,A

17
[ 4578-63-6 ]
[ 100-39-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 173336-07-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With sodium iodide; In acetone;	n) 2-Benzyloxy-4-tert-butyl-benzoic acid benzyl ester A mixture of 5 g of <strong>[4578-63-6]2-hydroxy-4-tert-butyl-benzoic acid</strong>, 9.1 ml of benzyl bromide, 17 g of caesium carbonate, 0.3 g of sodium iodide and 500 ml of acetone is stirred for 20 hours under reflux and then filtered and the filtrate is concentrated by evaporation. The residue is partitioned between diethyl ether and water, the organic phases are concentrated by evaporation and the residue is purified by means of FC (1000 g of silica gel, dichloromethane/hexane=1:1). Title compound: Rf (dichloromethane/hexane=1:1)=0.47.

Reference： [1]Patent: US5559111,1996,A

18
caesium salt [ No CAS ]
dimethylforma,mide [ No CAS ]
2-chloro-2,3,3-trimethyl-butyric acid [ No CAS ]
[ 33099-08-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
tert-butyl N-benzyloxycarbonyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-D-lactate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In N-methyl-acetamide; methanol; dichloromethane; water; ethyl acetate; toluene;	EXAMPLE (IV-1) tert-Butyl N-benzyloxycarbonyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-D-lactate STR30 10.0 g (35.8 mmol) of <strong>[33099-08-0]N-benzyloxycarbonyl-N-methyl-L-leucine</strong> are dissolved in 150 ml of methanol and 15 ml of water, 19.5 ml of a 20% strength caesium carbonate solution are added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for approximately one hour. Two portions of approximately 50 ml of absolute dimethylformamide are subsequently added, the mixture is concentrated in vacuo, and the product is dried under a high vacuum. The caesium salt is introduced into 75 ml of dimethylforma,mide, 7.0 g (35.8 mmol) of tert-butyl L-2-chloro-propionic acid are added, and the mixture is stirred for approximately 18 hours at room temperature. The entire reaction solution is concentrated in vacuo, the oily residue is taken up in methylene chloride, and the mixture is shaken twice with water. The organic phase is then separated off, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product which remains is chromatographed over a silica gel column (silica gel 60--Merck, mesh size: 0.04 to 0.063 MM) using toluene: ethyl acetate (40: 1) as the eluent. 14.4 g (100% of theory) of tert-butyl N-benzyloxycarbonyl-N-methyl-L-leucyl-D-lactate are obtained. EI-MS m/z (%): 407 (M+,2); 351 (10); 234 (39); 387 (3); 344 (1); 190 (PhCH2 --NMe--CH--CH2 Me2,69); 91 (PhCH2,100)

Reference： [1]Patent: US5529984,1996,A

19
[ 114527-53-6 ]
[ 100-39-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 177198-80-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In <i>N</i>-methyl-acetamide; hexane; dichloromethane	29.f f f 1-Benzyl-3(R,S)-benzyloxycarbonyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline 5.6 g of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline-3(R,S)-carboxylic acid (Example 1t)) are stirred in 100 ml of dimethylformamide, with the addition of 12.7 ml of benzyl bromide and 25.1 g of caesium carbonate, at room temperature for 24 h. The concentrated crude product is then purified by means of FC over 250 g of silica gel with a 1:1 mixture of methylene chloride and hexane as the mobile phase. The title compound is obtained: Rf (1:1 mixture of methylene chloride and hexane)=0.31.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: NOVARTIS AG; Novartis (w/o Sandoz) - US5719141, 1998, A

20
[ 16105-24-1 ]
[ 3747-74-8 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
cesium iodide [ No CAS ]
1,2-dihydro-1-carboethoxy-2-(2-quinolylmethyl)-3H-indazol-3-one [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
25%	In dichloromethane; ethyl acetate; acetone;	EXAMPLES 108-110 A mixture of 1,2-dihydro-1-carboethoxy-3H-indazol-3-one (5 g), 2-chloromethylquinoline hydrochloride (5.35 g), caesium carbonate (23.6 g), caesium iodide (100 mg) and acetone (11) was stirred under an atmosphere of argon and heated to reflux for 7 hours. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was evaporated. The residue was purified by column chromatography using methylene chloride/ethyl acetate (50/3 v/v) as eluant. There was thus obtained 1,2-dihydro-1-carboethoxy-2-(2-quinolylmethyl)-3H-indazol-3-one (Ex. 108) as a solid (2.15 g), m.p. 119-120 C., in 25% yield.

Reference： [1]Patent: US5173496,1992,A

21
[ 111-83-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 13121-99-8 ]
[ 103284-57-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
69%	In acetonitrile	3 EXAMPLE 3 EXAMPLE 3 4-Pyridylacetonitrile (1.18 g, 0.01 mole) dissolved in acetonitrile (20 ml) was heated under reflux with n-octyl bromide (1.73 ml, 0.01 mole) and caesium carbonate (4 g) for 1 hour, filtered and concentrated. Elution from a column of silica gel as described in Example 1 gave 2-(4-pyridyl)decanonitrile (1.58 g, 69% yield).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP - US4668689, 1987, A

22
[ 13444-24-1 ]
[ 66-71-7 ]
[ 589-87-7 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 690264-62-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With CuI In water; ethyl acetate; toluene	3.18 3.18a 3-(4-bromo-phenoxy)-1-ethyl-piperidine 3.18a 3-(4-bromo-phenoxy)-1-ethyl-piperidine 652 mg (2.00 mmol) caesium carbonate, 36 mg (0.20 mmol) 1,10-phenanthroline and 19 mg (0.10 mmol) CuI are added to a solution of 289 mg (1.00 mmol) 1-bromo-4-iodobenzene and 0.27 mL (2.00 mmol) N-ethyl-3-hydroxypiperidine in 1.0 mL toluene. The reaction mixture is stirred for 36 h at 110° C. and then combined with 10 mL water and 10 mL EtOAc. After filtration the aqueous phase is extracted with 10 mL EtOAc and the combined organic extracts are washed with saturated NaCl solution and dried over Na2SO4. The solvent is eliminated i.vac. and further purification is carried out by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc). Yield: 100 mg (35.2% of theory). C13H18BrNO (M=284.199).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: C.H. Boehringer Sohn AG & Co. KG - US2004/209865, 2004, A1

23
[ 3495-36-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In neat (no solvent) heating in air up to 600°C under atmospheric pressure and humidity (heating rate 5-10°C/min); thermogravimetric monitoring;

Reference： [1]Nirsha, B. M.; Chubinidze, A. D.; Velikodnyi, Yu. A.; Zhadanov, B. V.; Olikova, V. A. [Journal of general chemistry of the USSR, 1982, vol. 52, p. 1063 - 1067][J.Gen.Chem.USSR (Engl.Transl.), 1982, vol. 52, p. 1209 - 1213]

24
(5,10,15,20-tetrakis(α-(N-p-toluenesulfonamido)-m-tolyl)-porphyrin)zinc(II) [ No CAS ]
[ 82072-23-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
(5,10,15,20-tetrakis(α-(N-(m-formyl-α-tolyl)-N-p-toluenesulfonamido)-m-tolyl)-porphyrin)zinc(II) [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1991,vol. 113,p. 4208 - 4218

25
[ 64-18-6 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In neat (no solvent) purified Cs2CO3 was neutralized with formic acid forming CsHCO2;;
	In neat (no solvent) Na-containing Cs2CO3 was treated with formic acid forming CsHCO2;; recrystn. from formic acid, remaining acid was removed with Cs2CO3, recrystn. from alcoholic soln. with addn. of ether;;
	In neat (no solvent) Na-containing Cs2CO3 was treated with formic acid forming CsHCO2;; recrystn. from formic acid, remaining acid was removed with Cs2CO3, recrystn. from alcoholic soln. with addn. of ether;;

	In neat (no solvent) purified Cs2CO3 was neutralized with formic acid forming CsHCO2;;
	In water stoich. amts., stirring for 5 h at 80°C; crystn. on slow evapn., recrystn. (water), drying (>100°C, 1 week);
	In water

Reference： [1]Sidgwick, N. V.; Gentle, J. A. H. R. [Journal of the Chemical Society, 1922, vol. 121, p. 1840 - 1840]
[2]Schlesinger, H. I.; Coleman, C. [Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1916, vol. 38, p. 272 - 272]
[3][Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 69, page 240 - 242]
[4][Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie, Gmelin Handbook: Cs: MVol.2, 69, page 240 - 242]
[5]Masuda, Yoshio; Yahata, Akihiko; Ogawa, Hiroshi [Inorganic Chemistry, 1995, vol. 34, p. 3130 - 3133][Inorg. Chem.]
[6]Okazoe, Shinya; Yasaka, Yoshiro; Kudo, Masaki; Maeno, Hiroshi; Murakami, Yasukazu; Kimura, Yoshifumi [Chemical Communications, 2018, vol. 54, # 56, p. 7834 - 7837]

26
hexafluorophosphoric acid [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 16893-41-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In not given reaction of equimolar quantities of HPF6 and Cs2CO3; recrystn.;

Reference： [1]Heyns, A. M.; Richter, P. W.; Clark, J. B. [Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 1981, vol. 39, p. 106 - 113]

27
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 15519-28-5 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
1: 4.4% 2: 0% 3: 6.9%	In neat (no solvent) High Pressure; 2 h at 380°C; cooling, dissolution in water, addn. of HClO4; HPLC;

Reference： [1]Kudo, Kiyoshi; Ikoma, Futoshi; Mori, Sadayuki; Komatsu, Koichi; Sugita, Nobuyuki [Journal of the Chemical Society. Chemical communications, 1995, # 6, p. 633 - 634]

28
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 15519-28-5 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
1: 22.4% 2: 0.1% 3: 2.1%	In neat (no solvent) High Pressure; 2 h at 380°C; cooling, dissolution in water, addn. of HClO4; HPLC;

Reference： [1]Kudo, Kiyoshi; Ikoma, Futoshi; Mori, Sadayuki; Komatsu, Koichi; Sugita, Nobuyuki [Journal of the Chemical Society. Chemical communications, 1995, # 6, p. 633 - 634]

29
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 15519-28-5 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
1: 0% 2: 39.2% 3: 0%	In neat (no solvent) High Pressure; 2 h at 380°C; cooling, dissolution in water, addn. of HClO4; HPLC;

Reference： [1]Kudo, Kiyoshi; Ikoma, Futoshi; Mori, Sadayuki; Komatsu, Koichi; Sugita, Nobuyuki [Journal of the Chemical Society. Chemical communications, 1995, # 6, p. 633 - 634]

30
[ 3495-36-1 ]
[ 34557-54-5 ]
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In solid byproducts: C, CH3OH, HCO2CH3; thermal decomposition of CsHCO2 under N2 at 200-250°C; detd. by XRD and IR;

Reference： [1]Gorski, A.; Krasnicka, A. [Journal of Thermal Analysis, 1987, vol. 32, p. 1243 - 1252]

31
[ 23810-63-1 ]
[ 42137-88-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
cesium 7,8-(3-toluene-p-sulphonyl-3-azapentane-1',5'-dithiolato-SS')-7,8-dicarba-nido-undecaborate [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions,
Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions: Inorganic Chemistry (1972-1999),1990,p. 525 - 530

32
[ 867-36-7 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
4C₃H₇^(1-)*2Sn⁽⁴⁺⁾*O^(2-)*CO₃^(2-)*H₂O=((C₃H₇)2Sn)2OCO₃*H₂O [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With water In methanol byproducts: cesium chloride; Sn compd. in MeOH added dropwise to stirred MeOH soln. of equimolar amt. of Cs2CO3 at room temp.; ppt. filtered off, vigorously stirred in water for 10-15 min, filtered off, dried in air at room temp.; elem. anal.;

Reference： [1]Smith, Peter J.; Hill, Robin; Nicolaides, Anna; Donaldson, John D. [Journal of Organometallic Chemistry, 1983, vol. 252, # 2, p. 149 - 152]

33
[ 15956-28-2 ]
[ 7664-93-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
(caesium)2[(rhodium(II))2(acetate)2(sulphate)2(H₂O)2]*3H₂O [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry,1984,vol. 29,p. 607 - 610
Russ. J. Inorg. Chem. (Transl. of Zh. Neorg. Khim.),1984,vol. 29,p. 1055 - 1061

34
[ 6145-31-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
molybdenum(VI) oxide [ No CAS ]
2Cs⁽¹⁺⁾*Mo₂O₅⁽²⁺⁾*O₃PCH₂CH₂PO₃^(4-)=Cs₂Mo₂O₅(O₃PCH₂CH₂PO₃) [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
92%	In water High Pressure; Cs2CO3, MoO3 and H3OPCH2CH2PO3H2 was heated with water in bomb at 200°C for 4 d, cooled to room temp. over 1.5 d, pH 3; washed with water, filtered, air dried; elem. anal.;

Reference： [1]Rao, K. Prabhakara; Balraj, Vidyavathy; Minimol; Vidyasagar [Inorganic Chemistry, 2004, vol. 43, # 15, p. 4610 - 4614]

35
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 124655-17-0 ]
C₁₁H₂₀NO₄^(1-)*Cs⁽¹⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In ethanol; for 0.75h;	Step A; Lambda Lambda 1 "2A stirred solution of the appropriate N-Boc-acid (4.0 mmol), e.g., tert -butyl leucine 1-1, in EtOH (10 mL) was treated with Cs2CO3 (2.0 mmol). After 45 min, the EtOH was removed by evaporation under reduced pressure. The residual cesium salt was re-dissolved in DMF (15 mL) and then treated with the appropriate alpha-halo-ketone, e.g., 2- bromoacetophenone (4.0 mmol) and stirred at RT until the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was then partitioned between EtOAc and H2O, and the organics separated, then washed with H2O (x3), brine (x3), then dried (Na2SO4), filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure to give the keto ester 1-2 which was pure enough to use directly in the next step.

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2008/86122,2008,A2 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 50

36
[ 4702-13-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 941669-12-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
97%	In methanol; water at 20℃; for 1h;	1.1.B B) Cesium salt of (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)acetic acid15 g of (1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)acetic acid and 11.9 g of cesium carbonate are dissolved in an MeOH-H2O mixture (10/1, v/v). The mixture is stirred for one hour at room temperature. The reaction medium is concentrated to dryness, taken up in acetone and evaporated to dryness (3 times). The crude product is then recrystallized from acetone. After filtering off the crystals and washing with ice-cold acetone, the expected product is obtained in a yield of 97%.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: SANOFI - US2008/269303, 2008, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 6

37
[ 7664-41-7 ]
[ 7722-84-1 ]
[ 7550-45-0 ]
[ 5949-29-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs₂(NH₄)6[Ti₄(O₂)4(citric acid(-3H))2(citric acid(-4H))2]Cl₂*8H₂O [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry,2008,p. 3264 - 3268

38
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 135042-12-5 ]
[ 74-88-4 ]
[ 1146951-37-2 ]
[ 114676-69-6 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In N,N-dimethyl-formamide	43.C.36 EXAMPLE 43C [C36] The tert-butyl (2R,4R)-4-hydroxy-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate used as starting material was prepared as follows: Iodomethane (4.17 ml) was added to (2R,4R)-1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-hydroxy-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (15.00 g) in DMF (100 ml) at 0° C. Caesium carbonate (25.4 g) was added in one portion and the resulting mixture stirred at 20° C. for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (150 ml) and extracted with dichloromethane (2*150 ml). The combined organics were washed with brine (100 ml), dried over Magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to give O1-tert-butyl O2-methyl (2R,4R)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate (13.83 g) as a yellow oil. 1 NMR Spectrum: (DMSOd6) 1.32 (9H, s); 1.77-1.85 (1H, m); 2.24-2.38 (1H, m); 3.07-3.15 (1H, m); 3.47 (1H, q); 3.63 (3H, t); 4.16-4.23 (2H, m); 4.92-4.98 (1H, m).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: ASTRAZENECA PLC - US2009/118305, 2009, A1

39
methanolic ammonia [ No CAS ]
[ 877399-74-1 ]
[ 50735-34-7 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 1146950-57-3 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0); In 1,4-dioxane; water; 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-methyl-6-(p-dimethylaminostyryl)-4H-pyran; ethyl acetate;	Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.915 g) was added to a solution of <strong>[50735-34-7]methyl 2-amino-5-bromo-pyridine-3-carboxylate</strong> (3.66 g), tert-butyl 4-(4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate (6.57 g) and caesium carbonate (4.31 ml) in dioxane (150 ml) and water (38 ml) under an atmosphere of nitrogen. The resulting mixture was stirred at 80 C. for 2 hours, then evaporated to dryness and redissolved in ethyl acetate (200 ml). This mixture was washed with water (200 ml) and then saturated with brine (200 ml). The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and then evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash silica chromatography (elution gradient 0 to 5% 7M methanolic ammonia in DCM). There was thus obtained methyl 2-amino-5-[1-(1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-piperidyl)pyrazol-4-yl]pyridine-3-carboxylate (2.99 g); Mass Spectrum: M+H+ 402.24; RT 1.78 min.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2009/118305,2009,A1

40
[ 54143-01-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 54778-20-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
95%	In dimethyl sulfoxide at 120℃; for 0.333333h;	2.1.3 General procedure for the anhydrous synthesis of 2-halo-3-carboxyindoles (2) 2-Bromo-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid (2a): 2-(2,2,dibromovinyl)-phenylamine (138 mg, 0.50 mmol) was added to a glass tube with a screw cap. No precautions were taken to exclude air or moisture. DMSO (2 mL) was added and the solution was stirred at room temperature until the material completely dissolved. Cs2CO3 (489 mg, 1.50 mmol) was added, the tube sealed, and the tube placed in an oil bath preheated to 120 °C. The reaction was monitored by LC/MS until starting material and intermediate alkynyl halide had been consumed (8 minutes). The reaction was cooled, added to 1M HCl, and extracted with EtOAc. The extract was washed with brine, and dried on anhydrous Na2SO4. Solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield analytically pure 2a (104 mg, 87%).

Reference： [1]Kunzer, Aaron R.; Wendt, Michael D. [Tetrahedron Letters, 2011, vol. 52, # 15, p. 1815 - 1818]

41
bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride [ No CAS ]
[ 1225015-87-1 ]
[ 6175-54-8 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 564483-18-7 ]
[ 1225015-88-2 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With hydrogenchloride; In 1,4-dioxane; water; ethyl acetate; toluene;	2.2 7-(3-Hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one 6.90 g (17.2 mmol) of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1.5 ml (25.4 mmol) of propyn-1-ol, 12.0 g (36.8 mmol) of caesium carbonate, 150 mg (0.578 mmol) of bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II)chloride and 800 mg (1.68 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2'-4'-6'-triisopropylbiphenyl are stirred in 100 ml of dioxane at 60 C. for 3 h, added to 400 ml of water and acidified using 2 N hydrochloric acid. The aqueous phase is extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the combined org. phases are washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent is removed in vacuo, and the residue is filtered through silica gel with toluene/ethyl acetate (4:1). Crystallisation of the crude product from toluene/ethyl acetate (10:1) gives 7-(3-hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one as yellow crystals. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta=1.74 ppm (t, br., OH), 3.86 (s, 3H, OCH3), 4.45 (d, br., J=4.0 Hz, 2H, CH2OH), 6.98 (mc, 2H, Ar-H), 7.33 (dd, J=1.5 Hz, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 7.40 (s, br., 1H), 7.46 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 7.68 (mc, 2H, Ar-H), 7.73 (s, 1H, -C=CH-).
	With hydrogenchloride; In 1,4-dioxane; water; ethyl acetate; toluene;	10.2 7-(3-Hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one 6.90 g (17.2 mmol) of 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1.5 ml (25.4 mmol) of propyn-1-ol, 12.0 g (36.8 mmol) of caesium carbonate, 150 mg (0.578 mmol) of bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and 800 mg (1.68 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl are left to stir at 60 C. for 3 h in 100 ml of dioxane, added to 400 ml of water and acidified using 2 N hydrochloric acid. The aqueous phase is extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the combined org. phases are washed with water and dried over sodium sulfate. The solvent is removed in vacuo, and the residue is filtered through silica gel with toluene/ethyl acetate (4:1). Crystallisation of the crude product from toluene/ethyl acetate (10:1) gives 7-(3-hydroxyprop-1-ynyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)chromen-2-one as yellow crystals. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta=1.74 ppm (t, br., OH), 3.86 (s, 3H, OCH3), 4.45 (d, br., J=4.0 Hz, 2H, CH2OH), 6.98 (mc, 2 H, Ar-H), 7.33 (dd, J=1.5 Hz, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 7.40 (s, br., 1H), 7.46 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H, Ar-H), 7.68 (mc, 2 H, Ar-H), 7.73 (s, 1H, -C=CH-).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2011/205482,2011,A1
[2]Patent: US2012/182516,2012,A1

42
[ 940-07-8 ]
europium(III) oxide [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs₃[Eu(pyrazine-2,6-dicarboxylate)3]*7H₂O [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Dalton Transactions,2012,vol. 41,p. 5272 - 5276

43
bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride [ No CAS ]
4-Chloro-2-cyclohexyl-1-p-tolylethynylbenzene [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 62452-73-7 ]
[ 564483-18-7 ]
2-Cyclohexyl-4-(4-hexylbenzeneethynyl)-1-(4-propyl-benzeneethynyl)benzene [ No CAS ]
2-Cyclohexyl-4-(4-hexylphenylethynyl)-1-(4-propylphenylethynyl)-benzene [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In 1,4-dioxane; water;	3.5) 2-Cyclohexyl-4-(4-hexylphenylethynyl)-1-(4-propylphenylethynyl)-benzene 6 4.5 g (11.87 mmol) of 10, 1.7 g (11.87 mmol) of 1-n-propyl-4-ethynyl-benzene, 8.5 g (26.12 mmol) of caesium carbonate, 30 mg (0.1 mmol) of bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and 170 mg (0.35 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl are dissolved in 35 ml of dioxane under nitrogen and heated at 100 C. overnight. 100 ml of water are added to the cooled solution, and the mixture is extracted twice with methyl t-butyl ether (100 ml). The combined organic phases are washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is purified by column chromatography, giving the title compound 6 as a solid. Delta? -0.6 Deltan 0.294 gamma1 5884 mPa·s

Reference： [1]Patent: US2012/205583,2012,A1

44
bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride [ No CAS ]
[ 1282582-87-9 ]
[ 79887-09-5 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 564483-18-7 ]
[ 1282582-89-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In 1,4-dioxane; water;	1.2) 1,4-Bis(2-(4-butylphenyl)ethynyl)-2-cyclopropylbenzene (1) 5 g (26 mmol) of 1,4-dichloro-2-cyclopropylbenzene, 9.4 g (58 mmol) of 1-n-butyl-4-ethynylbenzene, 19 g (58 mmol) of caesium carbonate, 69 mg (0.3 mmol) of bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and 382 mg (0.8 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl are dissolved in 80 ml of dioxane under nitrogen and heated at 100 C. overnight. 100 ml of water are added to the cooled solution, and the mixture is extracted twice with methyl t-butyl ether (100 ml). The combined organic phases are washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is purified by column chromatography and recrystallised from ethanol, giving the title compound 1 as a solid.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2012/205583,2012,A1

45
bis(acetonitrile)palladium(II) dichloride [ No CAS ]
[ 23703-22-2 ]
[ 1282582-98-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 564483-18-7 ]
4-Chloro-2-cyclohexyl-1-p-tolylethynylbenzene [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In 1,4-dioxane; water;	3.4) 4-Chloro-2-cyclohexyl-1-p-tolylethynylbenzene 10 6.6 g (30.17 mmol) of 9, 7.28 g (30.17 mmol) of 1-bromo-4-hexylbenzene, 21.63 g (66.39 mmol) of caesium carbonate, 78 mg (0.3 mmol) of bis-(acetonitrile)palladium(II) chloride and 431 mg (0.9 mmol) of 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl are dissolved in 90 ml of dioxane under nitrogen and heated at 100 C. overnight. 100 ml of water are added to the cooled solution, and the mixture is extracted twice with methyl t-butyl ether (100 ml). The combined organic phases are washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated in vacuo. The residue is purified by column chromatography.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2012/205583,2012,A1

46
[ 1028647-93-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 134-20-3 ]
[ 1333315-97-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	palladium diacetate; In toluene;	a) Methyl 2-[4-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)phenylamino]benzoate Caesium carbonate (25.4 g, 78 mmol), palladium acetate (0.9 g, 4 mmol) and xantphos (1.5 g, 8 mmol) are added to a solution of <strong>[1028647-93-9]3-(4-bromophenyl)-9-phenyl-9H-carbazole</strong> (CAS 1028647-93-9, 31.0 g, 78 mmol) and methyl anthranilate (10.1 ml, 78 mmol) in degassed toluene (300 ml), and the mixture is heated under reflux for 8 h. The precipitated salts are filtered off, and the mother liquor is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is extracted with chloroform in a Soxhlet extractor and subsequently recrystallized from toluene. Yield: 26.0 g (55 mmol), 71% of theory, colourless solid.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2012/319052,2012,A1

47
[ 1153-85-1 ]
[ 20474-15-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 1333316-01-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	palladium diacetate; In toluene;	Example 3 Synthesis of 9,9-diphenyl-10-(9-phenyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-9,10-dihydroacridine (H3) Caesium carbonate (30.6 g, 94 mmol), palladium acetate (0.5 g, 2 mmol) and xantphos (0.9 g, 5 mmol) are added to a solution of <strong>[20474-15-1]9,10-dihydro-9,9-diphenylacridine</strong> (CAS 20474-15-1, 15.7 g, 47 mmol) and 3-bromo-9-phenyl-9H-carbazole (CAS 1153-85-1, 15.1 g, 47 mmol) in degassed toluene (300 ml), and the mixture is heated under reflux for 8 h. The precipitated salts are filtered off, and the mother liquor is evaporated in vacuo. The residue is extracted with toluene in a Soxhlet extractor. The crude product is subsequently recrystallized three times from toluene and purified by sublimation twice in vacuo (p=5*10-5 mbar, T=280 C.). Yield: 10.5 g (18 mmol), 38% of theory, purity >99.9% according to HPLC, colourless solid.

Reference： [1]Patent: US2012/319052,2012,A1

48
[ 39093-93-1 ]
[ 1417190-42-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 564483-18-7 ]
[ 1417183-87-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	tris-(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0); In N,N-dimethyl-formamide;	Example 234 7-(1,1-Dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl)-2-(2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one A mixture of 7-bromo-2-(2-imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl-ethyl)-2,3-dihydro-isoindol-1-one from Example 20.1 (100 mg, 0.281 mmol), thiomorpholine 1,1-dioxide (76 mg, 0.561 mmol), CS2CO3 (183 mg, 0.561 mmol), dicyclohexyl (2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl-2-yl)phosphine (13.38 mg, 0.028 mmol) and Pd2(dba)3 (25.7 mg, 0.028 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) was heated to 100 C. for one hour in a microwave. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by pre-HPLC to give the title compound (40 mg, 0.097 mmol, 34.7% yield) as white solid. LC-MS: m/z=411 (M+H+) Rt=1.66 min. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta=8.06 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.46-7.40 (m, 2H), 7.15 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 6.79 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.32 (s, 2H), 4.03 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (s, 4H), 3.36 (s, 4H), 3.19 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 2H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2013/5705,2013,A1

49
[ 823-85-8 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 146137-76-0 ]
[ 1025762-98-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	Stage #1: 4-fluorophenyhydrazine hydrochloride; 2-Fluoro-5-iodo-benzaldehyde In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 20℃; for 5h; Industrial scale; Stage #2: caesium carbonate In 1-methyl-pyrrolidin-2-one at 115℃; for 3.5h; Industrial scale;	4.iv 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-iodo-indazole (iv) l-(4-Fluorophenyl)-5-iodo-indazole A mixture of 2-fluoro-5-iodobenzaldehyde (3.70 kg, 14.2 mol; 96.1% assay by mass) and 4-fluorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (2.50 kg, 14.2 mol; 92.4% assay by mass) in N-methylpyrrolidone (25 L) was stirred for 5 hours at 20 °C. Caesium carbonate (13.89 kg, 42.6 mol) was charged and the mixture stirred at 115 °C for 3.5 hours. Water (18.3 L) was charged after adjusting the reaction temperature to 80 °C and once the solids were dissolved, the mixture was allowed to separate into layers. The lower layer was discarded. The upper layer and an N-methylpyrrolidone (2 L) rinse were transferred into stirring water (11.3 L), maintained at 62 °C throughout the addition. After cooling to 20 °C, l-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-iodo-indazole was filtered off, washed with two portions of water (16.0 L and 17.5 L) followed by 2-methylpentane (16.5 L), and suction dried for around 18 hours at 20 °C. Yield 6.28 kg (11.9 mol, 84% by moles). 64% Assay (LC), 20% water, both by mass. 98.6% LC purity (λ = 254 nm). 1H NMR (400 MHz, d6-DMSO) δ 8.31 (d, J= 0.9 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (dd, J= 0.7, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.78 - 7.73 (m, 2H), 7.70 (dd, J= 1.6, 8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (ddd, J= 0.7, 0.9, 8.9 Hz, 1H), 7.45 - 7.38 (m, 2H).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BAYER AG; ASTRAZENECA PLC - WO2013/1294, 2013, A1 Location in patent: Page/Page column 48

50
[ 1609082-35-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 151412-02-1 ]
[ 1609082-38-3 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		21.A Ethyl 2,6-dimethyl-8-[(2,3,6-trifluorobenzyl)oxy]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate Example 21A Ethyl 2,6-dimethyl-8-[(2,3,6-trifluorobenzyl)oxy]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate 3.00 g (12.81 mmol) of ethyl 8-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate Example 20A, 3.27 g (14.1 mmol) of 2-(bromomethyl)-1,3,4-trifluorobenzene and 9.18 g (28.17 mmol) of caesium carbonate were initially charged in 183 ml of dry DMF, and the mixture was heated in an oil bath at 60° C. for 30 min. About 1.81 of water were then added, and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. The solid was filtered off, washed with water and dried under reduced pressure. This gave 5.07 g of the title compound (99% of theory; purity about 96%). LC-MS (Method 1): Rt=1.14 min MS (ESpos): m/z=379 (M+H)+ 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): δ=1.35 (t, 3H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 2.55 (s, 3H; superposed by DMSO signal), 4.36 (q, 2H), 5.35 (s, 2H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.32 (m, 1H), 7.60-7.73 (m, 1H), 8.72 (s, 1H).

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BAYER AG - US2017/217954, 2017, A1

51
[ 149463-07-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 173530-73-9 ]
[ 1609166-02-0 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Example 58A Ethyl 8-[(3-fluoropyridin-2-yl)methoxy]-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate Variant A: 4.18 g of <strong>[173530-73-9]ethyl 8-hydroxy-2-methylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate</strong> (Example 24A, 19 mmol) were dissolved in 265 ml of abs. DMF, 3.80 g of 2-(chloromethyl)-3-fluoropyridine hydrochloride (20.88 mmol, commercially available, additionally described in: U.S. Pat. No. 5,593,993, 1997; WO2007/2181 A2, 2007) and 18.55 g of caesium carbonate (56.94 mmol) were added and the mixture was then stirred overnight at 60 C. After cooling, the reaction mixture was filtered, the precipitate was washed with ethyl acetate, the filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (mobile phase: Cyclohexane:ethyl acetate=1:3). This gave 4.66 g (73% of theory) of the target compound. MS (ESpos): m/z=330 (M+H)+ 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta=1.36 (t, 3H), 2.61 (s, 3H), 4.38 (q, 2H), 4.50 (br s, 1H), 5.49 (s, 2H), 7.20 (t, 1H), 7.32 (d, 1H), 7.57-7.61 (m, 1H), 7.87 (t, 1H), 8.49 (d, 1H), 8.90 (d, 1H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2017/217954,2017,A1

52
[ 936247-35-7 ]
[ 85118-00-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 1609082-28-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Example 8A 5-Chloro-3-[(2,6-difluorobenzyl)oxy]-2-nitropyridine 33 g of <strong>[936247-35-7]5-chloro-2-nitropyridin-3-ol</strong> (Example 7A; 189 mmol, 1 equivalent) and 61.6 g of caesium carbonate (189 mmol, 1 equivalent) were initially charged in 528 ml of DMF, 40.4 g of 2,6-difluorobenzyl bromide (189 mmol, 1 equivalent) were added and the mixture was stirred at RT overnight. The reaction mixture was stirred into water/1N aqueous hydrochloric acid. The solid was filtered off, washed with water and air-dried. This gave 54.9 g (97% of theory) of the title compound. 1H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6): delta=5.46 (s, 2H); 7.22 (t, 2H); 7.58 (q, 1H); 8.28 (d, 1H); 8.47 (d, 1H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US2017/217954,2017,A1

53
[ 71-41-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 2050-94-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
70%	With 3-butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate; at 70℃; for 18.0h;Sealed tube;	General procedure: A mixture of cinnamyl alcohol (67.1 mg, 0.5mmol), Cs2CO3 (325.8 mg, 1 mmol) and 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) (0.1 mL) in dibromomethane (1 mL) was equipped with a seal tube and stirred for 18 h at 70° C. The reaction mixture was evaporated and purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel) (2percent Ether/hexane) to obtain dicinnamyl carbonate (1a) 69.0 mg (94percent).

Reference： [1]Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society,2014,vol. 35,p. 622 - 624

54
[ 20017-67-8 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
carbonic acid bis(3,3-diphenylpropyl) ester [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
73%	With 3-butyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate; at 70℃; for 18h;Sealed tube;	General procedure: A mixture of cinnamyl alcohol (67.1 mg, 0.5mmol), Cs2CO3 (325.8 mg, 1 mmol) and 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([bmim][PF6]) (0.1 mL) in dibromomethane (1 mL) was equipped with a seal tube and stirred for 18 h at 70 C. The reaction mixture was evaporated and purified by flash column chromatography (silica gel) (2% Ether/hexane) to obtain dicinnamyl carbonate (1a) 69.0 mg (94%).

Reference： [1]Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society,2014,vol. 35,p. 622 - 624

55
[ 33796-86-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
C₈H₁₅O₃^(1-)*Cs⁽¹⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	In methanol; water for 0.5h;	4.19. General procedure for benzylester protection General procedure: To an ice-cooled solution of hydroxy acid (1 equiv) in MeOH (2 mL) was added a solution of CsCO3 (0.6 equiv) in water (1 mL). After 30 min, the solvents were removed under reduced pressure and the CsCO3 salt was dissolved in DMF (0.2 M). Benzyl bromide (1.1 equiv) was added and the suspension was stirred overnight. The mixture was then quenched with water (30 mL) and the aqueous phase was extracted with EtOAc (3x30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (5x20 mL) and brine (10 mL), dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and concentrated to give crude benzylester, which was used without further purification.

Reference： [1]Kitir, Betül; Baldry, Mara; Ingmer, Hanne; Olsen, Christian A. [Tetrahedron, 2014, vol. 70, # 42, p. 7721 - 7732]

56
[ 1314-15-4 ]
[ 12029-98-0 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
I₆O₁₈Pt^(2-)*2Cs⁽¹⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Inorganic Chemistry,2016,vol. 55,p. 2481 - 2487

57
lead(II) oxide [ No CAS ]
[ 14866-33-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
cesium lead bromide [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Chemical Communications,2016,vol. 52,p. 7265 - 7268

58
[ 4265-25-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 73183-34-3 ]
C₁₅H₂₀BO₃^(1-)*Cs⁽¹⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of the American Chemical Society,2016,vol. 138,p. 15315 - 15318

59
[ 13391-28-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 73183-34-3 ]
C₁₅H₂₀BO₄^(1-)*Cs⁽¹⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Journal of the American Chemical Society,2016,vol. 138,p. 15315 - 15318

60
[ 108763-47-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 73183-34-3 ]
C₁₆H₂₀BO₅^(1-)*Cs⁽¹⁺⁾ [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With [1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene](triphenylphosphine)nickel(II) dichloride In toluene at 100℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique;

Reference： [1]Saito, Hayate; Otsuka, Shinya; Nogi, Keisuke; Yorimitsu, Hideki [Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2016, vol. 138, # 47, p. 15315 - 15318]

61
[ 2683-49-0 ]
europium(III) oxide [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs₃[Eu(dipicolinatoNH₂)₃] [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Chemical Communications,2017,vol. 53,p. 11818 - 11821

62
[ 2683-49-0 ]
terbium(III) oxide [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs₃[Tb(dipicolinatoNH₂)₃] [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Chemical Communications,2017,vol. 53,p. 11818 - 11821

63
[ 2683-49-0 ]
gadolinium(III) oxide [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs₃[Gd(dipicolinatoNH₂)₃] [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]Chemical Communications,2017,vol. 53,p. 11818 - 11821

64
[ 4671-77-6 ]
molybdic acid [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs2(Mo2O5)(O3P(CH2)4PO3) [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
50%	In water at 200℃;

Reference： [1]Elias Jesu Packiam; Vidyasagar, Kanamaluru [Dalton Transactions, 2017, vol. 46, # 46, p. 16102 - 16112]

65
[ 880-68-2 ]
molybdic acid [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
Cs2(Mo2O5)(O3P(C6H4)PO3) [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
66%	In water at 200℃;

Reference： [1]Elias Jesu Packiam; Vidyasagar, Kanamaluru [Dalton Transactions, 2017, vol. 46, # 46, p. 16102 - 16112]

66
[ 749247-06-1 ]
tert-butyl (2S)-4-[{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}(chloroacetyl)amino]-2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]butanoate [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
9-{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-2,2-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,15,18,21,24-pentaoxa-12-thia-5,9-diazaheptacosan-27-oic acid [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		(25S)-25-Amino-22-{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-1-(2,5-dioxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-4,21-dioxo-7,10,13,16-tetraoxa-19-thia-3,22-diazahexacosan-26-oic Acid/Trifluoroacetic Acid (1:1) The synthesis of the compound (6S)-9-{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-6-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,15,18,21,24-pentaoxa-12-thia-5,9-diazaheptacosan-27-oic acid was carried out analogously to the synthesis of Intermediate C17. 38.8 mg (0.06 mmol) of tert-butyl (2S)-4-[{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}(chloroacetyl)amino]-2-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]butanoate. 19.1 mg (0.07 mmol) of 1-sulphanyl-3,6,9,12-tetraoxapentadecan-15-oic acid 45.9 mg (0.14 mmol) of caesium carbonate This gave 40.7 mg (77% of theory) of the compound (6S)-9-{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-6-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2,2-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,15,18,21,24-pentaoxa-12-thia-5,9-diazaheptacosan-27-oic acid. LC-MS (Method 1): Rt=1.45 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=935 [M+H]+.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BAYER AG - US2018/169256, 2018, A1

67
[ 749247-06-1 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
9-{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-2,2-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,15,18,21,24-pentaoxa-12-thia-5,9-diazaheptacosan-27-oic acid [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		9-{(1R)-1-[1-Benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-2,2-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,15,18,21,24-pentaoxa-12-thia-5,9-diazaheptacosan-27-oic Acid 9-{(1R)-1-[1-Benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}-2,2-dimethyl-4,10-dioxo-3,15,18,21,24-pentaoxa-12-thia-5,9-diazaheptacosan-27-oic Acid 50.0 mg (0.09 mmol) of tert-butyl {3-[{(1R)-1-[1-benzyl-4-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-2,2-dimethylpropyl}(chloracetyl)amino]propyl}carbamate (Intermediate C16) were initially charged in 2.0 ml of DMF, and 69.1 mg (0.21 mmol) of caesium carbonate and 28.8 mg (0.10 mmol) of 1-sulphanyl-3,6,9,12-tetraoxapentadecan-15-oic acid were added. The mixture was stirred at 50° C. overnight. Water was added and the reaction mixture was purified directly by preparative RP-HPLC (column: Reprosil 250*30; 10μ, flow rate: 50 ml/min, MeCN/water). The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was dried under high vacuum. This gave 25.1 mg (35% of theory) of the title compound. LC-MS (Method 1): Rt=1.42 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z=835 [M+H]+.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: BAYER AG - US2018/169256, 2018, A1

68
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 1068-63-9 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	With hydrogen at 325℃;	2 Example 2 In the first step, CS2CO3 (500 mg, 0.15 mmol) was added to a 100 mL Parr reactor in a glove box. CO2 (35 bar, 3.5 MPa) and H2 (1 bar, 0.1 MPa) gases were then charged and the mixture was stirred for 1-2 hour at 325 °C and cooled to room temperature by applying cool air to the reactor. The reactor cooled to 25 °C and depressurized. The reaction mixture was removed from the reactor. Analysis of the reaction mixture contained cesium oxalate, cesium formate, and cesium bicarbonate.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: ARAMCO (in: Saudi Arabia Government); GOVERNMENT OF SAUDI ARABIA; SABIC (in: Saudi Arabia Government) - WO2018/138689, 2018, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0089

69
[ 67-56-1 ]
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 553-90-2 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
1: 58% 2: 10%	Stage #1: carbon dioxide; caesium carbonate With hydrogen at 325℃; Stage #2: methanol at 150℃;	2 Example 2 (Two-Step Process for the Preparation of Dimethyl Oxalate with Cs₂CC>3, C0₂, and H₂) In the first step, CS2CO3 (500 mg, 0.15 mmol) was added to a 100 mL Parr reactor in a glove box. CO2 (35 bar, 3.5 MPa) and H2 (1 bar, 0.1 MPa) gases were then charged and the mixture was stirred for 1-2 hour at 325 °C and cooled to room temperature by applying cool air to the reactor. The reactor cooled to 25 °C and depressurized. The reaction mixture was removed from the reactor. Analysis of the reaction mixture contained cesium oxalate, cesium formate, and cesium bicarbonate. In the second step, the reaction mixture and methanol (5 mL) were added to the reactor, and the reactor was pressurized with CO2 (35 bar, 3.5 MPa). The mixture was heated to 150 °C, stirred overnight, and then depressurized. The remaining solvent (methanol) was removed by evaporation under vacuum. The product composition was analyzed and identified as being a mixture of dimethyl oxalate, cesium formate, and cesium bicarbonate. The overall yield of DMO was 58% and yield of cesium formate as byproduct was about 8-10%. 13C NMR (CD3OD, in ppm): 53 (-OMe), 158 (-CO-), 161 (CsHC03), and 171 (CsHCOO).

70
[ 67-56-1 ]
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 201230-82-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 553-90-2 ]
[ 15519-28-5 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
1: 95% 2: 0.8%	Stage #1: carbon dioxide; carbon monoxide; caesium carbonate With silica gel; pyrographite at 325℃; Stage #2: methanol at 200℃; for 2h;	3 (One-Step Process for the Preparation of Dimethyl Oxalate with C02, CO, and Cs2CO3 Cs2CO3/5i02 or A1203 and charcoal) Activated charcoal was vacuum dried overnight at 90 °C. The dried activated charcoal was mixed with equal amount of engineering silica (H-53), pre-calcined for two hours at 400 °C under inert conditions (e.g. glove box). The resultant charcoal/silica mixture wasused as a catalyst support for the reaction catalyst, cesium carbonate. Cesium carbonate (0.8 g) with equal amount of charcoal and silica (0.2 g each) was placed in a high pressure reactor (100 mL Parr (Parr Instrument Company, U.S.A.) reactor. C02 (45 bar, 4.5 MPa) was charged and the reactor heated to 325 °C, maintained at 325 °C and cooled to room temperature to form the adduct. CO (20 bar, 2 MPa) was then charged and the mixture was stirred for 1-2 hour at325 °C with agitation, and then cooled to room temperature by applying cool air to the reactor. The reactor was cooled to 25 °C and depressurized. The reaction mixture contained cesium oxalate, cesium formate, and cesium bicarbonate as confirmed by ‘3C NIVIR. A solution of methanol (20 mL) and the crude cesium oxalate was add to the reactor, and the reactor was pressurized with C02 (40 bar, 4.0 MPa). The mixture was heated for 2 hours at 200 °C, andthen cooled. The remaining solvent (methanol) was removed by evaporation under vacuum. The product composition was analyzed and identified as being a mixture of dimethyl oxalate, cesium formate, and cesium bicarbonate. The overall yield of DM0 was 95%, respectively. the overall yield of cesium formate as byproduct was about 7-8%. ‘3C NIVIR (CD3OD, in ppm):53 (-OMe), 158 (-CO-), 161 (C5HCO3), and 171 (CsHCOO). A mixture of alumina/activatedcharcoal with cesium carbonate gave similar results under the same conditions.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: GOVERNMENT OF SAUDI ARABIA; SABIC (in: Saudi Arabia Government); ARAMCO (in: Saudi Arabia Government) - WO2018/138705, 2018, A1 Location in patent: Paragraph 0060; 0061; 0062

71
[ 100-32-3 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 17387-48-3 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
96%	With 18-crown-6 ether; In acetone; at 40℃; for 24h;	Take 15mL pressure-resistant reaction tube,4-nitrodiphenyl disulfide 123 mg (0.4 mmol) was added.Cesium carbonate 260mg (0.8mmol),18-crown ether-6210 mg (0.8 mmol),6 mL of anhydrous acetone was stirred at 40 C for 24 h.The mixture was stirred at 40 C for 24 hours under an air atmosphere.The reaction was quenched with saturated brine andEtOAcDry with no Na2SO4 and concentrate under reduced pressure.The residue is then purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel eluting with petroleum ether.The desired product bis(4-nitrophenylthio)methane 124 mg is obtained.Yield 96% as a white solid.

Reference： [1]Patent: CN108774098,2018,A .Location in patent: Paragraph 0062; 0063; 0065

72
[ 5335-84-2 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 2393-98-8 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
87%	With 18-crown-6 ether In acetone at 40℃; for 24h;	11 Example 11 bis(4-bromophenylthio)methane Take 15mL pressure-resistant reaction tube,Add 4-bromodiphenyl disulfide 150 mg (0.4 mmol),cesium carbonate 260mg (0.8mmol),18-crown ether-6210 mg (0.8 mmol),6 mL of anhydrous acetone was stirred at 40 ° C for 24 h.The mixture was stirred at 40 ° C for 24 hours under an air atmosphere.The reaction was quenched with saturated brine andEtOAcDry with no Na2SO4 and concentrate under reduced pressure.The residue is then purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel eluting with petroleum ether.The desired product bis(4-bromophenylthio)methane 136 mg was obtained in a yield of 87%.It is a white solid.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: GUANGDONG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY - CN108774098, 2018, A Location in patent: Paragraph 0070; 0071; 0073

73
[ 6911-51-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 131673-97-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
60%	With 18-crown-6 ether In acetone at 40℃; for 24h;	14 Example 14 bis(thiophen-2-ylthio)methane Take 15mL pressure-resistant reaction tube,Adding dithiophen-2-yl disulfide 92 mg (0.4 mmol),Cesium carbonate 260mg (0.8mmol),18-crown ether-6210 mg (0.8 mmol),6 mL of anhydrous acetone was stirred at 40 ° C for 24 h.The mixture was stirred at 40 ° C for 24 hours under an air atmosphere.The reaction was quenched with saturated brine andEtOAcDry with no Na2SO4 and concentrate under reduced pressure.The residue is then purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel eluting with petroleum ether.The desired product bis(thiophen-2-ylthio)methane 59 mg was obtained in a yield of 60%.It is a colorless oily liquid.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: GUANGDONG UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY - CN108774098, 2018, A Location in patent: Paragraph 0082; 0083; 0085

74
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 882-33-7 ]
[ 3561-67-9 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
96%	With 18-crown-6 ether; In acetone; at 40 - 60℃; for 24h;	Take a 15 mL pressure-resistant reaction tube, add 87 mg (0.4 mmol) of diphenyl disulfide, 260 mg (0.8 mmol) of cesium carbonate, 18-crown-6210 mg (0.8 mmol), 6 mL of anhydrous acetone, and stir at 40 C for 24 h. .The mixture was stirred at 60 C for 24 hours under an air atmosphere.The reaction was quenched with saturated brine andEtOAcIt was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4 and concentrated.The residue is then purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel eluting with petroleum ether.The desired product, diphenylthiomethane, 90 mg was obtained in a yield of 96% as a white solid.

Reference： [1]Patent: CN108774098,2018,A .Location in patent: Paragraph 0036; 0037; 0039; 0041; 0048; 0049

75
[ 55276-43-2 ]
3-[4-({3-[(2-{(1S)-1-[(oxan-2-yl)oxy]ethyl}-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl]-1,2-oxazol-5-yl}ethynyl)phenoxy]propyl 4-methylbenzene-1-sulfonate [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
3-(4-((3-((2-((1S)-1-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)ethyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)isoxazol-5-yl)ethynyl)phenoxy)propyl-4-(methylsulfonyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
66%	In dimethyl sulfoxide; at 60℃; for 2h;	3-[4-[2-[3-[[2-[(lS)-l-tetrahydropyran-2-yloxyethyl]imidazol-l-yl]methyl]isoxazol-5- yl]ethynyl]phenoxy]propyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (50 mg) in dimethyl sulfoxide (0.8mL) were added 1-methylsulfonylpiperazine (41 mg) and cesium carbonate (0.14 g). After stirring for 2 hours at 60 C, the reaction mixture was quenched with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was passed through a phase separator and concentrated in vacuo onto ISOLUTE HM-N. The residue was purified with NH-type silica gel column chromatography (20-100 % EtOAc in n-hexane) to give the title compound (35 mg, 66 % yield) as colorless gum. MS (ESI) m/z : 642[M+l]. RT = 1.081 min. LCMS condition : A.

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2018/216822,2018,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 152-153

76
[ 4677-20-7 ]
(rac)-ethyl 4-chloro-3-ethyl-7-{3-[(6-fluoronaphthalen-1-yl)oxy]propyl}-2-methyl-10,11,12,13,14,15-hexahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3',4':8,9][1,6]diazacycloundecino[10,11,1-hi]indole-8-carboxylate [ No CAS ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
(rac)-ethyl 4-chloro-3-ethyl-7-{3-[(6-fluoronaphthalen-1-yl)oxy]propyl}-2-methyl-14-[2-(oxan-4-yl)ethyl]-10,11,12,13,14,15-hexahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3',4':8,9][1,6]diazacycloundecino[10,11,1-hi]indole-8-carboxylate [ No CAS ]
(rac)-8-ethyl 14-[2-(oxan-4-yl)ethyl]4-chloro-3-ethyl-7-{3-[(6-fluoronaphthalen-1-yl)oxy]propyl}-2-methyl-2,10,11,12,13,15-hexahydro-14H-pyrazolo[3',4':8,9][1,6]diazacycloundecino[10,11,1-hi]indole-8,14-dicarboxylate [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
23mg; 12 mg	In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 60℃;Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;	(rac)-Ethyl 4-chloro-3-ethyl-7-{3-[(6-fluoronaphthalen-1 -yl)oxy]propyl}-2-methyl- 10,11 ,12,13,14,15-hexahydro-2H-pyrazolo[3',4':8,9][1 ,6]diazacycloundecino[10,11 ,1 -hi]indole- 8-carboxylate (see Intermediate 115, 50.0 mg, 81.0 pmol), <strong>[4677-20-7]4-(2-bromoethyl)oxane</strong> (17.2 mg, 89.1 pmol) and cesiumcarbonate (132 mg, 405 pmol) were dissolved in 410 mI_ DMF and the reaction mixture was stirred at 600 in a sealed ve ssel under nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and dichloromethane, stirred for a few minutes, filtered through a silicone coated filter and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by HPLC chromatography under basic conditions to provide the target compound in 99% purity: 23 mg. LC-MS (Methode 2): Rt = 1.85 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 730 [M+H]+ 1 H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): d [ppm]= 0.55 - 0.74 (m, 1 H), 0.75 - 0.96 (m, 7H), 1.00 - 1.13 (m, 3H), 1.13 - 1.32 (m, 7H), 1.83 - 1.93 (m, 2H), 2.03 - 2.27 (m, 4H), 2.35 - 2.47 (m, 2H), 2.88 (td, 1 H), 2.97 (d, 1 H), 3.19 - 3.31 (m, 2H), 3.50 (br d, 1 H), 3.59 (br dd, 1 H), 3.72 - 3.93 (m, 5H), 4.04 - 4.16 (m, 1 H), 4.17 - 4.39 (m, 4H), 6.90 (dd, 1 H), 7.24 (d, 1 H), 7.37 - 7.50 (m, 3H), 7.67 (dd, 1 H), 7.75 (d, 1 H), 8.30 (dd, 1 H). As side product of the reaction to Intermediate 202the target compound was isolated in 98% purity: 12 mg. LC-MS (Methode 2): Rt = 1.77 min; MS (ESIpos): m/z = 774 [M+H]+ 1 H-NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d6): d [ppm]= 0.83 (t, 3H), 0.91 (br d, 2H), 0.98 - 1.17 (m, 4H), 1.18 - 1.31 (m, 5H), 1.32 - 1.56 (m, 5H), 2.13 - 2.31 (m, 4H), 3.08 - 3.31 (m, 4H), 3.75 (br dd, 2H), 3.80 - 3.98 (m, 6H), 3.99 - 4.35 (m, 5H), 4.36 - 4.53 (m, 2H), 6.86 (dd, 1 H), 7.25 (br d, 1 H), 7.34 - 7.49 (m, 3H), 7.66 (dd, 1 H), 7.80 (d, 1 H), 8.24 (dd, 1 H).

Reference： [1]Patent: WO2019/96905,2019,A1 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 423; 424; 425

77
[ 1118-68-9 ]
[ 2369-18-8 ]
[ 106120-04-1 ]
2,2'-(5-bromo-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(3-methylpyridine) [ No CAS ]
[ 584-08-7 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 108-95-2 ]
2,2'-(5-phenoxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(3-methylpyridine) [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
		Example 4. NX-43 The synthesis of 2,2'-(5-phenoxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(3-methylpyridine) (NX-43) was a two-step process as detailed below. Potassium Carbonate was added to a solution of 5-bromobenzene-1,3-diol and <strong>[2369-18-8]2-fluoro-3-methylpyridine</strong> in dimethyl formamide. The reaction mixture was irradiated with microwave at 200 C. for 4 h. Reaction mixture was diluted with ice cold water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layer was dried with sodium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain 2,2'-(5-bromo-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(3-methylpyridine). Cesium Carbonate was added to a solution of 2,2'-(5-bromo-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(3-methylpyridine), phenol, catalytic copper iodide and dimethyl glycine in DMF and the reaction mixture was irradiated with microwave at 150 C. for 3 h. Reaction mixture was diluted with ice cold water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic layer was dried with sodium sulphate and evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain 2,2'-(5-phenoxy-1,3-phenylene)bis(oxy)bis(3-methylpyridine). H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3-d6): 8.02 (d, J=3.6 Hz, 2H), 7.50 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.31 (m, 2H), 7.12-7.10 (m, 3H), 6.93-6.90 (m, 2H), 6.61-6.60 (m, 1H), 6.566-6.56 (t, J=2.4 Hz, 2H), 2.29 (S, 6H).

Reference： [1]Patent: US10487057,2019,B1

78
[ 15520-10-2 ]
[ 12258-64-9 ]
[ 6080-56-4 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
C₆H₁₆N₂*2H⁽¹⁺⁾*CsPb₂Br₇^(2-) [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
	Heating;

Reference： [1]Fu, Dongying; Han, Gaoyi; Wu, Shichao; Xin, Jianli; Zhang, Xian-Ming; Zhang, Xinyuan [Chemical Communications, 2020, vol. 56, # 92, p. 14381 - 14384]

79
[ 84049-61-6 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
(R)-2-mercapto-5-(α-hydroxybenzyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole [ No CAS ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
70%	Stage #1: (R)-α-hydroxyphenylacetylhydrazine With potassium hydroxide In ethanol for 1h; Stage #2: caesium carbonate In ethanol Reflux;	Preparation of intermediate 2-mercapto-5-(4-substituted-αhydroxybenzyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole General procedure: In a 250mL round bottom flask, add the corresponding hydrazide (0.1mol), add 30mL of absolute ethanol and potassium hydroxide (0.1mol),After stirring for 1 h, carbon disulfide (0.15 mol) was added, and the reaction was monitored by TLC. Potassium hydroxide (0.1 mol) and 30 mL of absolute ethanol were added again, heated to reflux, and the reaction was monitored by TLC. The reaction ended after 5-10 hours. Ethanol was distilled off under reduced pressure, and 50 mL of water was added to dissolve.Adjust the pH to 3-4 with hydrochloric acid, precipitate a yellow oil, extract with ethyl acetate, collect and combine the organic phases, add anhydrous sodium sulfate to dry, mix with silica gel, and separate and purify by column chromatography.The yield is between 70% and 78%.

Reference： [1]Current Patent Assignee: GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY - CN113493424, 2021, A Location in patent: Paragraph 0035-0038

80
[ 124-38-9 ]
[ 534-17-8 ]
[ 3495-36-1 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
15 %Spectr.	With triethylsilane; 4-(fluoromethyl)-1,1’-biphenyl; (4s,6s)-2,4,5,6-tetra(9H-carbazol-9-yl)isophthalonitrile In dimethyl sulfoxide at 25 - 30℃; for 16h; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Irradiation; Sealed tube;

Reference： [1]Bo, Zhi-Yu; Chen, Lin; Gao, Tian-Yu; Jing, Ke; Lan, Yu; Liu, Shi-Han; Luo, Shu-Ping; Yan, Si-Shun; Yu, Bo; Yu, Da-Gang [Chem, 2021, vol. 7, # 11, p. 3099 - 3113]

81
[ 534-17-8 ]
4-chloroacetyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazoline-5-one [ No CAS ]
[ 66943-05-3 ]
C₂₂H₃₁N₃O₆ [ No CAS ]
C₂₂H₃₂CsN₃O₇ [ No CAS ]

Reference： [1]New Journal of Chemistry,2022,vol. 46,p. 1080 - 1086

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P336	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.
P337	If eye irritation persists:
P338	Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340	Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P341	If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342	If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P350	Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P351	Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352	Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P353	Rinse skin with water/shower.
P360	Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P361	Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P362	Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P363	Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P370	In case of fire:
P371	In case of major fire and large quantities:
P372	Explosion risk in case of fire.
P373	DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P374	Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
P376	Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1
P377	Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378
P380	Evacuate area.
P381	Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so.
P390	Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391	Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment
P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301 + P312	IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P302 + P350	IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P304 + P312	IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P304 + P341	IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306 + P360	IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P307 + P311	IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P309 + P311	IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P332 + P313	IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333 + P313	IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P335 + P334	Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P337 + P313	IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P342 + P311	IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P370 + P376	In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so.
P370 + P378	In case of fire:
P370 + P380	In case of fire: Evacuate area.
P370 + P380 + P375	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P371 + P380 + P375	In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
Storage
Code	Phrase
P401
P402	Store in a dry place.
P403	Store in a well-ventilated place.
P404	Store in a closed container.
P405	Store locked up.
P406	Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner.
P407	Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets.
P410	Protect from sunlight.
P411
P412	Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF.
P413
P420	Store away from other materials.
P422
P402 + P404	Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P410 + P403	Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410 + P412	Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF.
P411 + P235	Keep cool.
Disposal
Code	Phrase
P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...
P502	Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling

Physical hazards
Code	Phrase
H200	Unstable explosive
H201	Explosive; mass explosion hazard
H202	Explosive; severe projection hazard
H203	Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard
H204	Fire or projection hazard
H205	May mass explode in fire
H220	Extremely flammable gas
H221	Flammable gas
H222	Extremely flammable aerosol
H223	Flammable aerosol
H224	Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H225	Highly flammable liquid and vapour
H226	Flammable liquid and vapour
H227	Combustible liquid
H228	Flammable solid
H229	Pressurized container: may burst if heated
H230	May react explosively even in the absence of air
H231	May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
H240	Heating may cause an explosion
H241	Heating may cause a fire or explosion
H242	Heating may cause a fire
H250	Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H251	Self-heating; may catch fire
H252	Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
H260	In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously
H261	In contact with water releases flammable gas
H270	May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer
H271	May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer
H272	May intensify fire; oxidizer
H280	Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H281	Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
H290	May be corrosive to metals
Health hazards
Code	Phrase
H300	Fatal if swallowed
H301	Toxic if swallowed
H302	Harmful if swallowed
H303	May be harmful if swallowed
H304	May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways
H305	May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways
H310	Fatal in contact with skin
H311	Toxic in contact with skin
H312	Harmful in contact with skin
H313	May be harmful in contact with skin
H314	Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H315	Causes skin irritation
H316	Causes mild skin irritation
H317	May cause an allergic skin reaction
H318	Causes serious eye damage
H319	Causes serious eye irritation
H320	Causes eye irritation
H330	Fatal if inhaled
H331	Toxic if inhaled
H332	Harmful if inhaled
H333	May be harmful if inhaled
H334	May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled
H335	May cause respiratory irritation
H336	May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H340	May cause genetic defects
H341	Suspected of causing genetic defects
H350	May cause cancer
H351	Suspected of causing cancer
H360	May damage fertility or the unborn child
H361	Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
H361d	Suspected of damaging the unborn child
H362	May cause harm to breast-fed children
H370	Causes damage to organs
H371	May cause damage to organs
H372	Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H373	May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Environmental hazards
Code	Phrase
H400	Very toxic to aquatic life
H401	Toxic to aquatic life
H402	Harmful to aquatic life
H410	Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H411	Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H412	Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H413	May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life
H420	Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere

[ CAS No. 534-17-8 ] {[proInfo.proName]}

Quality Control of [ 534-17-8 ]

Related Doc. of [ 534-17-8 ]

Product Details of [ 534-17-8 ]

Calculated chemistry of [ 534-17-8 ]

Physicochemical Properties

Pharmacokinetics

Lipophilicity

Druglikeness

Water Solubility

Medicinal Chemistry

Safety of [ 534-17-8 ]

Application In Synthesis of [ 534-17-8 ]

[ 534-17-8 ] Synthesis Path-Upstream 1~16

[ 534-17-8 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream 1~81

Precautionary Statements-General

Prevention

Response

Storage

Disposal

Physical hazards

Health hazards

Environmental hazards

Inquiry