Structure of 67442-07-3
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| CAS No. : | 67442-07-3 |
| Formula : | C4H8ClNO2 |
| M.W : | 137.56 |
| SMILES Code : | CON(C)C(=O)CCl |
| MDL No. : | MFCD00134232 |
| InChI Key : | SCOJKGRNQDKFRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Pubchem ID : | 2734716 |
| GHS Pictogram: |
|
| Signal Word: | Warning |
| Hazard Statements: | H302-H312-H332 |
| Precautionary Statements: | P280 |
| Num. heavy atoms | 8 |
| Num. arom. heavy atoms | 0 |
| Fraction Csp3 | 0.75 |
| Num. rotatable bonds | 3 |
| Num. H-bond acceptors | 2.0 |
| Num. H-bond donors | 0.0 |
| Molar Refractivity | 30.32 |
| TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from |
29.54 Ų |
| Log Po/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from |
1.32 |
| Log Po/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by |
0.39 |
| Log Po/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from |
0.24 |
| Log Po/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from |
0.42 |
| Log Po/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by |
-0.13 |
| Consensus Log Po/w? Consensus Log Po/w: Average of all five predictions |
0.45 |
| Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from |
-0.74 |
| Solubility | 25.0 mg/ml ; 0.182 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Very soluble |
| Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from |
-0.58 |
| Solubility | 36.5 mg/ml ; 0.265 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Very soluble |
| Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by |
-0.67 |
| Solubility | 29.3 mg/ml ; 0.213 mol/l |
| Class? Solubility class: Log S scale |
Soluble |
| GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg |
High |
| BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg |
No |
| P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) |
No |
| CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) |
No |
| Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from |
-6.86 cm/s |
| Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from |
None |
| Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from |
0.0 |
| Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from |
2.0 |
| Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat |
0.55 |
| PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from |
0.0 alert |
| Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from |
2.0 alert: heavy_metal |
| Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from |
No; 1 violation:MW<1.0 |
| Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) |
2.0 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

[ 67442-07-3 ]
[ 133372-44-8 ]
[ 67442-07-3 ]
[ 133372-16-4 ]
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 92% | With potassium carbonate; In tert-butyl methyl ether; water; at -5 - 20℃; for 3.5h; | Example 139 N-methoxy-N-methylchloroacetamide A solution of N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (200 g, 2.05 mol) and tert-butyl methyl ether (2 L) was added to a cooled (0°C) solution of potassium carbonate (624 g, 4.1 mol) in water (2 L). The mixture was cooled to -5°C and chloroacetyl chloride added such that the temperature remained below 5°C. The vigorously stirred mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for an additional 3.5 hours. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether (3 x 1 L). The combined organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (2 x 1 L), dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. The residue was dried in vacuo to yield a white solid (257 g, 92percent). Mp 39-40.5°C; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) delta 4.24 (s, 2 H), 3.74 (s, 3 H), 3.22 (s, 3 H); MS (CI) 138 (MH+); Anal. calcd for C4H8ClNO2: C, 34.92; H, 5.86; N, 10.18. Found: C, 35.06; H, 5.88; N, 10.23. |
| 92% | With potassium carbonate; In tert-butyl methyl ether; water; | EXAMPLE 139 STR92 N-methoxy-N-methylchloroacetamide A solution of N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (200 g, 2.05 mol) and tert-butyl methyl ether (2 L) was added to a cooled (0° C.) solution of potassium carbonate (624 g, 4.1 mol) in water (2 L). The mixture was cooled to -5° C. and chloroacetyl chloride added such that the temperature remained below 5° C. The vigorously stirred mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred for an additional 3.5 hours. The phases were separated and the aqueous phase was extracted with tert-butyl methyl ether (3*1 L). The combined organic phase was washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution (2*1 L), dried (MgSO4), and concentrated. The residue was dried in vacuo to yield a white solid (257 g, 92percent). Mp 39-40.5° C.; 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 300 MHz) delta 4.24 (s, 2 H), 3.74 (s, 3 H), 3.22 (s, 3 H); MS (CI) 138 (MH+); Anal. calcd for C4 H8 ClNO2: C, 34.92; H, 5.86; N, 10.18. Found: C, 35.06; H, 5.88; N, 10.23. |
| 90% | With potassium carbonate; In tert-butyl methyl ether; water; at -5 - 0℃; for 2h; | A 3 L four necked flask equipped with Teflon-blade stirrer, reflux condenser and thermo-pocket was charged with N-methoxymethanamine hydrochloride (345g), water (1 .6 litre) and the resulting reaction mixture was cooled to 0 to -5 °C. Then potassium carbonate (1466 g) was added in lots to the above reaction mixture followed by the addition of methyl tert-butyl ether (1 .4 litre). The chloroacetyl chloride (400 g) was dissolved in tert-butyl methyl ether (0.2 litre) and added dropwise in to the above kept reaction mixture at - 5°C to 0°C and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h at 0°C. The reaction mixture was allowed to come to ambient temperature and two phases were separated. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to provide 2-chloro-N-methoxy-N-methyl-acetamide as white solid (440 g, 90percent yield and 98.0percent area purity by HPLC). |
| With potassium carbonate; In water; at -5 - 20℃; for 2h; | 2-Chloro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide To a solution of potassium carbonate (93 g, 750 mmol) in H2O (300 mL) was added N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (30 g, 300 mmol) at 0° C. The mixture was further cooled to -5° C., and 2-chloroacetyl chloride (40.6 g, 360 mmol) was added. The solution was stirred at room temperature for 2 h. The aqueous mixture was extracted with toluene (3*300 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated to give the crude product (35 g, 85percent) as a white solid. LC/MS: m/e=138 (M+H)+. |

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 98% | In acetonitrile; at 80℃; for 20h; | Step 1: N-Methoxy-N-methyl-2-(triphenyl-15-phosphanylidene)acetamide A mixture of (<strong>[67442-07-3]2-chloro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide</strong> (13.7 g, 0.1 mol) and triphenylphosphane (26.2 g, 0.1 mol) in acetonitrile (200 mL) was heated to 80° C. and held for 20 h. The mixture was cooled and concentrated to remove the solvent below 40° C. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (200 mL), followed by 2 N KOH (100 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 20° C. for 1 h. Phase separation, the organic layer was washed with brine (200 mL*3), dried over Na2SO4 and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum to afford N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-(triphenyl-15-phosphanylidene) acetamide (36 g, 0.1 mol, 98percent) as a yellow solid. ESI-MS (EI+, m/z): 364.4 [M+H]+. |
| 98% | In acetonitrile; at 80℃; for 20h; | A mixture of (<strong>[67442-07-3]2-chloro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide</strong> (13.7 g, 0.1 mol) and triphenylphosphane (26.2 g, 0.1 mol) in acetonitrile (200 mL) was heated to 80 °C and held for 20 h. The mixture was cooled and concentrated to remove the solvent below 40 °C. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (200 mL), followed by 2 N KOH (100 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred at 20 °C for lh. Phase separation, the organic layer was washed with brine (200 mL*3), dried over Na2SO4 and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuum to afford N-methoxy-N-methyl-2-(triphenyl-15-phosphanylidene) acetamide (36 g, 0.1 mol, 98percent) as a yellow solid. ESI-MS (EI, m/z): 364.4 [M+H] . |
| In acetonitrile; for 18h;Heating / reflux; | Synthesis of ylide 21. To a solution of N-methoxy-N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (48.52 g, 500 mmol, 1.0 equiv) in CH2Cl2 (1.0 L) at 0°C were added pyridine (80.63 mL, 1.0 mol) and chloroacetic anhydride (85.14 g, 500 mmol, 1.0 equiv). The resulting mixture was stirred for 15 min at 00C, then warm up to 23°C and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was then poured carefully into sat. NaHCpsi3aq solution (1.0 L) and stirred 1 hour, after which the layers were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with CHaCl2 (400 mL) and the combined organic layers were washed with IN HCl (200 mL x 2), brine (200 mL x 2), dried over Na2SO4 (10 g) and filtered. Evaporation of the solvents under reduced pressure afforded the corresponding acetamide (N-rnethoxy-N-methyl acetamide-2-chloride) as a green oil which was used in the next step without further purification. To a solution of this acetamide in CH3CN (800 mL) was added Ph3P (107.98 g, 411.7 mmol, 0.82 equiv) and the resulting mixture was refluxed for 18 hours. Then the solvents were removed under vacuum and the resulting viscous oil was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (1.0 L), washed with 2N KOH (400 mL x 2), brine (400 mL) and dried over Na2SO4 (10.0 g). Filtration and evaporation of the solvents under reduced pressure afforded ylide 21 as a thick oil which solidified by standing (146.5 g, 80percent over two steps). This compound was used in the next step without further purification. Rf = 0.85 (Hexane/EtOAc 3/1); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz, 25 0C) 57.71-7.65 (m, 6H), 7.55-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.48-7.42 (m, 6H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 1.86 (s, IH); 13C NMR <n="150"/>(CDCl3, 100 MHz, 25 0C) 133.3 (x 3), 133,2 (x 3), 131.9 (x 3), 128.9 (x 3), 128.8 (x 3), 127.9, 61.3, 35.9. |
| In toluene; at 20℃; for 15h; | Dissolve N-methyl-N'-methoxy-chloroacetamide (132 g, 959 mmol) and triphenylphosphine (239 g, 911mmol) in toluene, stir at room temperature for 15 hours, and wash with 2N aqueous potassium hydroxidesolution ( 1L*2), washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and evaporated |

| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 78% | at 100℃; for 18h; | A solution of <strong>[67442-07-3]2-chloro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide</strong> (2.48 g,17.7 mmol) and triethyl phosphite (3.00 mL, 17.7 mmol) was heated to 100 °C for 18 h. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (0?2percent MeOH in CH2Cl2) to give 1 as a colorless oil; yield: 3.31 g (13.8 mmol; 78percent); Rf = 0.42 (2percent MeOH in CH2Cl2); HPLC purity (method b): >95percent (210 nm), >95percent (254 nm). IR (ATR): 2985, 2940, 2908, 1659, 1381, 1253, 1050, 1020, 998, 961 cm?1. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): delta = 4.26?4.07 (m, 4 H, 2 × OCH2CH3), 3.76(s, 3 H, OCH3), 3.20 (s, 3 H, NCH3), 3.15 (d, J = 22.1 Hz, 2 H, 1-H), 1.33(td, J = 7.1, 0.6 Hz, 6 H, 2 × OCH2CH3). 13C NMR (101 MHz, CDCl3): delta = 166.2 (C-2), 62.7 (2 × OCH2CH3), 61.6(OCH3), 32.3 (NCH3), 30.9 (C-1), 16.5 (2 × OCH2CH3). HRMS (ESI): m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C8H19NO5P+: 240.0995; found: 240.0996. |
[ 67442-07-3 ]
[ 4244-84-2 ]
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 5.1 kg | To a solution of 21.2 kg potassium carbonate K2CO3 (153.7 mol, 3.0 eq) in 30 L H20 was added, Nu,Omicron-dimethylhydroxylamine 9 (CAS Reg. No. 1117-97-1) (5.0 kg, 51.3 mol, 1.0 eq) at 15-20 C. The reaction was stirred at rt for 30min and 30 L methyl tert-butyl ether (TBME) was added. After stirred for 30min, the mixture was cooled to 5C, and 11.6 kg of 2-Chloroacetyl chloride 8 (CAS Reg. No. 79-04-9 (102.7 mol, 2.0 eq) were added slowly. The reaction was stirred at rt overnight. Organics were separated from aqueous, and aqueous was extracted with TBME (30 L). The combined organics were washed with H20 (50 L), brine (50 L) and dried over Na2S04. Filtered and concentrated under vacuum afforded 5.1 kg of 2-chloro-N-methoxy- N-methylacetamide 10 (CAS Reg. No. 67442-07-3) as a white solid. | |
| With triethylamine; In dichloromethane; at 0 - 20℃; | 1.2.17.1. Illustrative synthesis of Intermediate Gen-13-o : 2-Chloro-N-methoxy-N-methylacetamide [00444] To a solution of chloroacetyl chloride (0.195 mL, 1.21 mmol, 1 eq.) and TEA (0.253 mL, 1.81 mmol, 1.5 eq.) in 3 mL of DCM at 0C was added the Nu,Omicron-dimethylhydroxylamine (0.081 g, 1.33 mmol, 1.1 eq.). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at r.t., then concentrated in vacuo. The residue was suspended in acetone and stirred vigorously for 20 min, filtered and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to afford Intermediate Gen-13-o which was used directly without further purification. [00445] LC-MS: MW (calcd): 137 (35C1) 139 (37C1); m/z MW (obsd): 138 (35C1 M+l), 140 (37C1 M+l) |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 37% | In tetrahydrofuran; methanol; chloroform; | 1. 2-Imidazol-1-yl-N-methoxy-N-methyl-acetamide 60percent sodium hydride in oil (0.296 g, 7.4 mol) was washed with tetrahydrofuran and suspended in additional tetrahydrofuran (10 ml). To this was added imidazole (0.506 g, 7.43 mol) followed by stirring at 25° C. for 1 hour. To the mixture was added a solution of <strong>[67442-07-3]2-chloro-N-methoxy-N-methyl-acetamide</strong> (1.02 g, 7.4 mmol, prepared per Tetrahedron Letters Vol. 30, No. 29, pp3779-80, 1989.) followed by stirring at 25° C. for 15. The mixture was filtered, and the filtrate was evaporated to an oil in vacuo and purifide by chromatography on silica gel eluted with a gradient of chloroform to 10percent methanol:chloroform giving a solid 0.46 g, 37percent yield. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| In hexane; water; N,N-dimethyl-formamide; | Preparation 1N To a suspension of 8.7 g. (0.22 mole) of a 60percent sodium hydride in hexane dispersion in 100 ml. of DMF was added 21.3 g. (0.18 mole) of indole, and the mixture was stirred for one hour at ambient temperature, cooled to 0° C., diluted with 500 ml. of DMF and then treated with vigorous stirring with 33.1 g. (0.22 mole) of alpha-chloro-N-methyl-N-methoxyacetamide in 75 ml. of DMF. When addition was complete the reaction mixture was quenched with 200 ml. of water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried and taken to dryness to give 29.4 g. of alpha-(1-indolyl)-N-methyl-N-methoxyacetamide as a slightly purple oil. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 95% | With potassium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 23℃; for 4h; | The Weinreb amide moiety 2-88 was synthesized as shown in Scheme 1. Thus, alkylation of intermediate 2-7 with 5-iodo-l-pentene yielded Weinreb amide 2-88 in two steps from thiophenol.Best conditions : X = I1 UDA 30min at -78 "C1 HMPA 30 min at -78 °C, o.n. R.T.Scheme 1: First generation of Weinreb amide synthesis a) thiophenol (1.0 equiv.), K2CO3 (1.0 equiv.), DMF, 23 0C; 2-chloro-lambdalambda-methoxy-N-methylacetamide (1.0 equiv.), 23 0C, 4 h, 95 percent; b) LDA (2.0 equiv.), HMPA (2.0 equiv.), 5-iodo-l-pentene (2.0 equiv.), -78 --> 23 0C, 13 h, 3O percent. |
[ 67442-07-3 ]
[ 105-53-3 ]
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| With potassium carbonate; In N,N-dimethyl-formamide; at 23℃; | Hepta-2,6-dienoic acid methoxy-methyl-amide (2-114): To a solution of 2-chloro-.V-methoxy- //-methylacetamide (6.0 g, 48.8 mmol) in dry DMF (20 mL) at 23 0C was added 3- mercaptophenol (4.44 mL, 48.8 mmol) and K2CO3 (6.7 g, 48.8 mmol). The resulting suspension was stirred at 23 0C overnight. After this period of time, Merrifield resin (24 g, < 2 mmol.g"1, < 48.8 mmol) was added to the mixture followed by K2CO3 (11.4 g, 83.0 mmol) as well as TBAI (catalytic amount), and the suspension was heated up to 50 0C. After 12 hours at this temperature, the resin was filtered and washed several times: HClaq. (50 mL), MeOH (50 mL), CH2Cl2 (50 mL) and Et2O (50 mL). The resin was dried under reduced pressure to constant mass of 29.2 g. The final mass gain (5.2 g, 27.3 mmol) indicated an estimate loading of 0.81 mmol.g"1. Resin 2-49 (10 g, 0.81 mmol.g"1) was suspended in a 1:1 mixture of HFIEVCH2Ch (50 mL). To this suspension, H2O2 (3 mL, 16.0 mmol) was added at 23 0C and the resulting mixture was shaken for 12 h. Resin 2-113 was then filtered, washed using MeOH (50 mL), CH2Cl2 (50 mL) and Et2O (50 mL) and dried under reduced pressure to constant mass before subsequent use. Resin 2-113 (4.0 g, < 0.81 mmol.g"1) was suspended in DMSO (40 mL) followed by the addition of ?BuOK (336 mg, 3.0 mmol). After shaking the reaction for 1 h at room temperature, 5-iodo-l-pentene (588 mg, 3.0 mmol) was added to the suspension and the mixture was shaken for 3 h. The resin was filtered, washed and dried as before. Then, it was suspended in toluene and heated at 80 0C. After 8 h at this temperature, <n="171"/>the resin was filtered and washed several times with more toluene. The combined toluene solutions were evaporated giving pure compound 2-114 as a colourless oil (321 mg, 77 percent) of 95 percent purity judged by NMR. 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3, 25 0C): delta = 6.94 (dt, / = 15.7, 6.7 Hz, IH), 6.39 (d, J = 15.2 Hz, IH), 5.84-5.74 (m, IH), 5.02 (dd, J = 17.4, 1.7 Hz, IH), 4.97 (d, J = 10.1 Hz, IH), 3.67 (s, 3H), 3.21 (s, 3H), 2.34-2.29 (m, 2H), 2.23-2.18 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3, 25 0C): 6 = 166.8, 146.7, 137.3, 119.1, 115.3, 61.6, 32.3, 31.7, (one carbon is not detected); LR. (film): Vm3x = 2934, 1681 , 1638, 1378, 1179 cm"1. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| With pyridine; In dichloromethane; at 0 - 23℃; | Synthesis of ylide 21. To a solution of N-methoxy-N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (48.52 g, 500 mmol, 1.0 equiv) in CH2Cl2 (1.0 L) at 0°C were added pyridine (80.63 mL, 1.0 mol) and chloroacetic anhydride (85.14 g, 500 mmol, 1.0 equiv). The resulting mixture was stirred for 15 min at 00C, then warm up to 23°C and stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was then poured carefully into sat. NaHCpsi3aq solution (1.0 L) and stirred 1 hour, after which the layers were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with CHaCl2 (400 mL) and the combined organic layers were washed with IN HCl (200 mL x 2), brine (200 mL x 2), dried over Na2SO4 (10 g) and filtered. Evaporation of the solvents under reduced pressure afforded the corresponding acetamide (N-rnethoxy-N-methyl acetamide-2-chloride) as a green oil which was used in the next step without further purification. To a solution of this acetamide in CH3CN (800 mL) was added Ph3P (107.98 g, 411.7 mmol, 0.82 equiv) and the resulting mixture was refluxed for 18 hours. Then the solvents were removed under vacuum and the resulting viscous oil was dissolved in CH2Cl2 (1.0 L), washed with 2N KOH (400 mL x 2), brine (400 mL) and dried over Na2SO4 (10.0 g). Filtration and evaporation of the solvents under reduced pressure afforded ylide 21 as a thick oil which solidified by standing (146.5 g, 80percent over two steps). This compound was used in the next step without further purification. Rf = 0.85 (Hexane/EtOAc 3/1); 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz, 25 0C) 57.71-7.65 (m, 6H), 7.55-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.48-7.42 (m, 6H), 3.74 (s, 3H), 3.08 (s, 3H), 1.86 (s, IH); 13C NMR <n="150"/>(CDCl3, 100 MHz, 25 0C) 133.3 (x 3), 133,2 (x 3), 131.9 (x 3), 128.9 (x 3), 128.8 (x 3), 127.9, 61.3, 35.9. |
| Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
|---|---|---|
| 22%; 17% | Step 1: 4-Bromo-5-(chloroacetyl)thiophene-2-carbonitrile Butyllithium (2.5 M solution in hexanes; 14.5 mL, 36.3 mmol) was added under nitrogen over approximately 5 min to a solution of 4-bromo-thiophene-2-carbonitrile (5.95 g, 31.6 mmol) in 300 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran at dry ice-acetone temperature. After the addition, the reaction was stirred at dry ice-acetone temperature for 30 min. 2-Chloro-N-methoxy-N-methyl acetamide (4.80 g, 32.7 mmol) in 40 mL of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was then added dropwise over 30 min. After the addition, the reaction was stirred at dry ice-acetone temperature for 4 h. 6 M HCl (36 mL) was added and the reaction allowed to warm to room temperature. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the tetrahydrofuran. The residue was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. Saturated sodium chloride was added to aid in the separation of an emulsion. The organic layer was separated, washed with water, saturated sodium chloride, dried (MgSO4), filtered and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The residue was purified on 800 g of silica gel (230-400 mesh) using a gradient of 30percent methylene chloride in hexane to 60percent methylene chloride in hexane as the eluent. Isolation of the major component gave 4-bromo-5-(chloroacetyl)thiophene-2-carbonitrile (1.81 g, 22percent) as a white solid, mp 126-128° C.; MS (ESI) m/z 262. Isolation of a minor component gave 4-(chloroacetyl)thiophene-2-carbonitrile (1.02 g, 17percent) as a light yellow solid, mp 94-98° C.; MS (ESI) m/z 184. |

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