926-39-6|2-Aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate| Ambeed

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Quality Control of [ 926-39-6 ] Purity: 95% SDS Specification

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NMR

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Product Citations

Continuous Process for the Production of Taurine from Monoethanolamine

Chi-Cheng Ma ; Derek Butler ; Veronica Milligan ; Blake A. Hammann ; Hao Luo ; James F. Brazdil , et al.

DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02277 Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.,2020,59(29):13007-13015.

Abstract: Taurine, 2-aminoethane-1-sulfonic acid, is a commercial amino acid manufactured from either ethylene oxide or monoethanolamine (MEA). Taurine is a valuable nutritional additive that is widely used in the production of energy drinks, pet food, nutritional supplements, and infant formula. The industrial production of taurine from MEA is a two-step batch process in which the first step is the reaction of MEA with sulfuric acid to produce the ester 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate (AES) and the second step is the reaction of AES with a sulfite reagent. This report summarizes the results of a study of the fundamental chemistry for this two-step MEA-based chemical route to taurine as well as the application of this fundamental understanding to a process design for a scalable and cost-advantaged continuous process that is capable of commercial-scale production of taurine on a multikiloton scale. In order to maximize taurine yields, the water formed during the first esterification step must be effectively removed to avoid equilibrium limitations on the conversions of MEA and sulfuric acid to form the solid AES intermediate product. For the second AES sulfonation step in aqueous medium, we found that operation above 100 °C under a moderate pressure of an inert gas resulted in significantly higher taurine yields (>80 mol %) compared to those reported in current commercial production technology (typically 55–65 mol %).

Purchased from AmBeed: 926-39-6

Product Details of [ 926-39-6 ]

CAS No. :	926-39-6
Formula :	C₂H₇NO₄S
M.W :	141.15
SMILES Code :	[S](=O)(=O)(OCCN)O
MDL No. :	MFCD00008179
InChI Key :	WSYUEVRAMDSJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Pubchem ID :	70223

Safety of [ 926-39-6 ]

GHS Pictogram:
Signal Word:	Warning
Hazard Statements:	H302-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements:	P261-P305+P351+P338

Computational Chemistry of [ 926-39-6 ] Show Less

Physicochemical Properties

Num. heavy atoms	8
Num. arom. heavy atoms	0
Fraction Csp3	1.0
Num. rotatable bonds	3
Num. H-bond acceptors	5.0
Num. H-bond donors	2.0
Molar Refractivity	26.06
TPSA ? Topological Polar Surface Area: Calculated from Ertl P. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem.	98.0 Å²

Lipophilicity

Log P_o/w (iLOGP)? iLOGP: in-house physics-based method implemented from Daina A et al. 2014 J. Chem. Inf. Model.	-0.04
Log P_o/w (XLOGP3)? XLOGP3: Atomistic and knowledge-based method calculated by XLOGP program, version 3.2.2, courtesy of CCBG, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry	-4.06
Log P_o/w (WLOGP)? WLOGP: Atomistic method implemented from Wildman SA and Crippen GM. 1999 J. Chem. Inf. Model.	-0.15
Log P_o/w (MLOGP)? MLOGP: Topological method implemented from Moriguchi I. et al. 1992 Chem. Pharm. Bull. Moriguchi I. et al. 1994 Chem. Pharm. Bull. Lipinski PA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug. Deliv. Rev.	-1.94
Log P_o/w (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Hybrid fragmental/topological method calculated by FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com	-1.35
Consensus Log P_o/w? Consensus Log P_o/w: Average of all five predictions	-1.51

Water Solubility

Log S (ESOL):? ESOL: Topological method implemented from Delaney JS. 2004 J. Chem. Inf. Model.	2.04
Solubility	15500.0 mg/ml ; 110.0 mol/l
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly	Highly soluble
Log S (Ali)? Ali: Topological method implemented from Ali J. et al. 2012 J. Chem. Inf. Model.	2.6
Solubility	56700.0 mg/ml ; 402.0 mol/l
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly	Highly soluble
Log S (SILICOS-IT)? SILICOS-IT: Fragmental method calculated by FILTER-IT program, version 1.0.2, courtesy of SILICOS-IT, http://www.silicos-it.com	0.6
Solubility	568.0 mg/ml ; 4.03 mol/l
Class? Solubility class: Log S scale Insoluble < -10 < Poorly < -6 < Moderately < -4 < Soluble < -2 Very < 0 < Highly	Soluble

Pharmacokinetics

GI absorption? Gatrointestinal absorption: according to the white of the BOILED-Egg	High
BBB permeant? BBB permeation: according to the yolk of the BOILED-Egg	No
P-gp substrate? P-glycoprotein substrate: SVM model built on 1033 molecules (training set) and tested on 415 molecules (test set) 10-fold CV: ACC=0.72 / AUC=0.77 External: ACC=0.88 / AUC=0.94	No
CYP1A2 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 1A2 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9145 molecules (training set) and tested on 3000 molecules (test set) 10-fold CV: ACC=0.83 / AUC=0.90 External: ACC=0.84 / AUC=0.91	No
CYP2C19 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C19 inhibitor: SVM model built on 9272 molecules (training set) and tested on 3000 molecules (test set) 10-fold CV: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.86 External: ACC=0.80 / AUC=0.87	No
CYP2C9 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2C9 inhibitor: SVM model built on 5940 molecules (training set) and tested on 2075 molecules (test set) 10-fold CV: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.85 External: ACC=0.71 / AUC=0.81	No
CYP2D6 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 2D6 inhibitor: SVM model built on 3664 molecules (training set) and tested on 1068 molecules (test set) 10-fold CV: ACC=0.79 / AUC=0.85 External: ACC=0.81 / AUC=0.87	No
CYP3A4 inhibitor? Cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitor: SVM model built on 7518 molecules (training set) and tested on 2579 molecules (test set) 10-fold CV: ACC=0.77 / AUC=0.85 External: ACC=0.78 / AUC=0.86	No
Log Kp (skin permeation)? Skin permeation: QSPR model implemented from Potts RO and Guy RH. 1992 Pharm. Res.	-10.04 cm/s

Druglikeness

Lipinski? Lipinski (Pfizer) filter: implemented from Lipinski CA. et al. 2001 Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. MW ≤ 500 MLOGP ≤ 4.15 N or O ≤ 10 NH or OH ≤ 5	0.0
Ghose? Ghose filter: implemented from Ghose AK. et al. 1999 J. Comb. Chem. 160 ≤ MW ≤ 480 -0.4 ≤ WLOGP ≤ 5.6 40 ≤ MR ≤ 130 20 ≤ atoms ≤ 70	None
Veber? Veber (GSK) filter: implemented from Veber DF. et al. 2002 J. Med. Chem. Rotatable bonds ≤ 10 TPSA ≤ 140	0.0
Egan? Egan (Pharmacia) filter: implemented from Egan WJ. et al. 2000 J. Med. Chem. WLOGP ≤ 5.88 TPSA ≤ 131.6	0.0
Muegge? Muegge (Bayer) filter: implemented from Muegge I. et al. 2001 J. Med. Chem. 200 ≤ MW ≤ 600 -2 ≤ XLOGP ≤ 5 TPSA ≤ 150 Num. rings ≤ 7 Num. carbon > 4 Num. heteroatoms > 1 Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 15 H-bond acc. ≤ 10 H-bond don. ≤ 5	3.0
Bioavailability Score? Abbott Bioavailability Score: Probability of F > 10% in rat implemented from Martin YC. 2005 J. Med. Chem.	0.55

Medicinal Chemistry

PAINS? Pan Assay Interference Structures: implemented from Baell JB. & Holloway GA. 2010 J. Med. Chem.	0.0 alert
Brenk? Structural Alert: implemented from Brenk R. et al. 2008 ChemMedChem	1.0 alert: heavy_metal
Leadlikeness? Leadlikeness: implemented from Teague SJ. 1999 Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 250 ≤ MW ≤ 350 XLOGP ≤ 3.5 Num. rotatable bonds ≤ 7	No; 1 violation:MW<1.0
Synthetic accessibility? Synthetic accessibility score: from 1 (very easy) to 10 (very difficult) based on 1024 fragmental contributions (FP2) modulated by size and complexity penaties, trained on 12'782'590 molecules and tested on 40 external molecules (r² = 0.94)	2.37

Application In Synthesis of [ 926-39-6 ]

* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.

Downstream synthetic route of [ 926-39-6 ]

[ 926-39-6 ] Synthesis Path-Downstream 1~41

1
[ 151-56-4 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

References: [1]Chemische Berichte,1888,vol. 21,p. 1053.

2
[ 110-89-4 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 27578-60-5 ]

References: [1]Patent: DE744996,1940, .
DRP/DRBP Org.Chem.,.

3
[ 497-25-6 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

References: [1]Patent: DE882706,1951, .

4
[ 56-23-5 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 151-56-4 ]

References: [1]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1935,vol. 57,p. 2328.

5
[ 527-69-5 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 17391-90-1 ]

References: [1]Patent: DE955951,1953, .

6
[ 3140-73-6 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
sulfuric acid mono-[2-(4,6-dimethoxy-[1,3,5]triazin-2-ylamino)-ethyl ester]; sodium-salt [ No CAS ]

References: [1]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1955,vol. 77,p. 5922,5926.

7
[ 107-03-9 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 36517-93-8 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2689867,1948, .

8
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 151-56-4 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
~ 60%	With sodium hydroxide; In water;Heating;	Aziridine or ethylenimine is a well-known compound. It can be prepared from 2-haloethylamine hydrohalides with strong base such as silver oxide; sodium or <n="85"/>potassium hydroxide in aqueous solution. Synthesis of aziridine by treating 2- aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate with sodium hydroxide was recommended by Organic Synthesis (Allen, et al., "Organic Synthesis", V. 30, John Wiley and Son, Inc., New York, N.Y., 1950, pp. 38-40) and is the most common preparation method. Due to its high tendency to polymerize, the yield of preparation is low. A yield of 37percent of aziridine was reported by Organic Synthesis and is considered a good yield.[0222] Since aziridine is not commercially available now, the literature method (Reeves et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc, 1951, 73, 3522) was adopted with slight modifications to synthesize this compound. The key issue of the synthesis is to generate and vaporize the aziridine instantaneously and distill rapidly to reduce undesirable polymerization.[0223] A 5-Liter, 3-neck flask fitted with a giant magnetic stir bar, a 250 mL dropping funnel and a prolonged condenser (composed of three condensers) arranged for distillation with a heating mantle was set in a well-ventilated hood (Figure 5). 100 mL of 14percent sodium hydroxide solution was placed in the 5 -Liter flask, and was heated in a metal heater controlled by a regulator. The solution was heated at full capacity until the distillation was proceeding at a rapid rate. A cool solution made from 63 g 2-aminoethyl hydrogen sulfate, 78 g of sodium hydroxide and 270 mL water was added to the distillation flask through the dropping funnel at a rate such that the amount of liquid in the flask remained about constant. The superheated distillate that came over at 100 to 115 0C was collected in a receiving flask and which was immersed in an ice-bath. The flask has a side arm connected to an amine gas trap filled with dilute sulfuric acid.[0224] In the literature, the distillate was treated with a huge amount of sodium hydroxide to salt out the raw aziridine, and it was redistilled to ensure the purity of the product. A large quantity of toxic, strongly basic waste would be generated and the re-distillation of the highly toxic and volatile aziridine is not advisable. Because the boiling point of aziridine and its dimer, the major contaminant, are 56-58° and 126-127.5°C respectively, it is possible to control the purity of aziridine by only collecting the distillate that boils at 50-115°C. The distilled dilute aziridine solution was used directly for preparing Boc-aziridine and CBZ-aziridine without further treatment. The yield of aziridine was estimated around 60percent. For characterization, a <n="86"/>fraction of the distillate was saturated with excess sodium hydroxide, and the aziridine was separated as a thick oil. Its purity was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy.[0225] 1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3, 25 0C): delta, 0.56 (s, br, IH, NH), 1.56 (s, 4H, CH2). 13C NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3): delta, 18.03.

References: [1]Patent: WO2008/63721,2008,A2 .Location in patent: Page/Page column 83-85.
[2]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1955,vol. 77,p. 5915,5917.
[3]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1955,vol. 77,p. 5915,5917.
[4]Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry,2013,vol. 51,p. 431 - 434.
[5]Patent: DE832152,1948, .
DRP/DRBP Org.Chem.,.
[6]Patent: DE832152,1948, .
DRP/DRBP Org.Chem.,.

9
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 177-07-1 ]

References: [1]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1959,vol. 81,p. 4318,4321.

10
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 497-25-6 ]

References: [1]Festschrift A. Stoll <Basel 1957> S. 474, 477,.
[2]Patent: US2773067,1953, .
[3]Patent: US2773067,1953, .
[4]Patent: US2773067,1953, .

11
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 107-35-7 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
88.1%		10051] These examples demonstrate the cyclic use of mother liquor in the preparation of taurine. Using the same one-liter autoclave, the starting materials given in the table were reacted at 120°C. for 18 hours. Afierwards, the solution is cooled to 10° C. to crystallize taurine and ammonium sulfate, which are filtered off and washed with a solution saturated with ammonium sulfate. The mother liquor ischarged with ammonium sulfite monohydrate and then adjusted to pH 7.2 with aqueous ammonium hydroxide. AES is then charged and pH rechecked and if necessary readjusted to 7.2 with ammonium hydroxide or dilute sulfuric acid. The results are shown in the following table.10052] The solid filtrate, comprised of taurine and ammonium sulfate, from each batch, is combined and stirred as a suspension in water to dissolve ammonium sulfate. After filtration, crude taurine is washed with water and recrystallized from deionized water. Yield: 379.7 g (81.0percent).10053] An additional 15.2 g (3.2percent) of taurine is recovered from the mother liquor afier recrystallization and separation of ammonium sulfate.

References: [1]Patent: US2015/183731,2015,A1 .Location in patent: Paragraph 0051; 0052; 0053.
[2]Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France,1955,p. 945.

12
[ 926-39-6 ]
sulfuric acid mono-(2-dichloroamino-ethyl ester) [ No CAS ]

References: [1]Journal of the Chemical Society,1945,p. 714.
[2]Patent: FR777750,1934, .
Fortschr. Teerfarbenfabr. Verw. Industriezweige,vol. 22,p. 1399.

13
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 107-15-3 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2364178,1943, .

14
[ 2576-47-8 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

References: [1]Chemische Berichte,1888,vol. 21,p. 2666.

15
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 104-88-1 ]
[ 65875-11-8 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2582292,1949, .

16
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 100-52-7 ]
[ 23956-51-6 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2582292,1949, .

17
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 123-11-5 ]
[ 91907-70-9 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2582292,1949, .

18
[ 4203-31-0 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 98-88-4 ]
[ 111587-59-8 ]

References: [1]Journal of Organic Chemistry,1959,vol. 24,p. 2017.

19
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 141-43-5 ]
[ 111-41-1 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2364178,1943, .

20
[ 141-43-5 ]
[ 77-78-1 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

References: [1]Chemische Berichte,1918,vol. 51,p. 1662.
[2]Chemische Berichte,1918,vol. 51,p. 1662.

21
[ 141-43-5 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

Yield	Reaction Conditions	Operation in experiment
90.72%	With sulfuric acid; In water; at -5 - 5℃; for 0.5h;	In a 100 mL three-necked flask equipped with a constant pressure dropping funnel, a thermometer, and a magnet,Add 9 mL (0.15 mol) of aminoethanol and 9 mL of water,Using a cryogenic cooling circulating pump to cool the solution to -5 to 5°C and maintain it,Concentrated sulfuric acid and water are mixed in equal volumes, and 16.3 mL of the mixture is slowly added dropwise to the three-necked flask.After stirring for 0.5h, it is replaced by a vacuum distillation device.The natural temperature was raised to room temperature and the water was distilled off (the oil pump showed 15 mbar). The residue was poured into 60 mL of absolute ethanol, stirred, mixed and filtered. The filter cake was washed with 3×15 mL of anhydrous ethanol and dried to give 19.2 g of a white solid, which was 2 Aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate, yield 90.72percent.

References: [1]Patent: CN107739349,2018,A .Location in patent: Paragraph 0054.
[2]Agricultural and Biological Chemistry,1991,vol. 55,p. 2537 - 2546.
[3]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1947,vol. 69,p. 1540.
[4]Patent: US2264759,1939, .
[5]Chemische Berichte,1918,vol. 51,p. 1662.
[6]Journal of the American Chemical Society,1935,vol. 57,p. 2328.
[7]Journal of Organic Chemistry,1965,vol. 30,p. 491 - 495.
[8]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1964,vol. 47,p. 2106 - 2112.
[9]Agricultural and Biological Chemistry,1988,vol. 52,p. 2911 - 2918.
[10]Heterocyclic Communications,2010,vol. 16,p. 275 - 278.
[11]Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry,2012,vol. 49,p. 1370 - 1375.
[12]Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry,2013,vol. 51,p. 431 - 434.
[13]Patent: DE825841,1948, .
DRP/DRBP Org.Chem.,.

22
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 75-66-1 ]
[ 22572-38-9 ]

References: [1]Patent: US2689867,1948, .

23
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 124-40-3 ]
[ 108-00-9 ]

References: [1]Patent: DE744996,1940, .
DRP/DRBP Org.Chem.,.

24
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 107-15-3 ]
[ 111-40-0 ]

References: [1]Chemical Abstracts,1946,p. 900.
[2]Patent: US2364178,1943, .

25
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 109-73-9 ]
[ 19522-69-1 ]
[ 56205-96-0 ]

References: [1]Patent: DE744996,1940, .
DRP/DRBP Org.Chem.,.

26
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 100-20-9 ]
[ 7426-75-7 ]

References: [1]Patent: DE955951,1953, .

27
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 112-76-5 ]
[ 145123-45-1 ]

References: [1]Patent: US1931806,1931, .
[2]Patent: US1932180,1932, .
[3]Patent: DE633334,1931, .

28
[ 861555-02-4 ]
[ 108-95-2 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

References: [1]Chemische Berichte,1920,vol. 53,p. 1507.

29
[ 5744-35-4 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 5777-51-5 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

30
[ 50-00-0 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 1950-25-0 ]
sulfuric acid mono-[2-(5-benzyl-6-thioxo-[1,3,5]thiadiazinan-3-yl)-ethyl] ester [ No CAS ]

References: [1]Archiv der Pharmazie,1963,vol. 296,p. 770 - 784.

31
[ 50-00-0 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 1950-24-9 ]
sulfuric acid mono-[2-(5-phenethyl-6-thioxo-[1,3,5]thiadiazinan-3-yl)-ethyl] ester [ No CAS ]

References: [1]Archiv der Pharmazie,1963,vol. 296,p. 770 - 784.

32
[ 50-00-0 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 13036-89-0 ]
5,5'-bis-(2-sulfooxy-ethyl)-3,3'-ethane-1,2-diyl-bis-[1,3,5]thiadiazinane-2-thione [ No CAS ]

References: [1]Archiv der Pharmazie,1963,vol. 296,p. 770 - 784.

33
[ 1072-53-3 ]
[ 926-39-6 ]

References: [1]Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry,1972,vol. 9,p. 891 - 894.

34
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 542-85-8 ]
[ 5744-25-2 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

35
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 2257-09-2 ]
[ 5777-58-2 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

36
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 2740-88-7 ]
[ 5777-56-0 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

37
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 3529-82-6 ]
[ 5777-54-8 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

38
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 2740-85-4 ]
[ 5777-57-1 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

39
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 2076-56-4 ]
[ 5784-36-1 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

40
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 2740-86-5 ]
[ 5784-37-2 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

41
[ 926-39-6 ]
[ 622-78-6 ]
[ 5777-55-9 ]

References: [1]Helvetica Chimica Acta,1966,vol. 49,p. 807 - 831.

Historical Records

Technical Information

• Buchwald-Hartwig C-N Bond and C-O Bond Formation Reactions • Chan-Lam Coupling Reaction • Heat of Combustion • Hydride Reductions • Leuckart-Wallach Reaction • Mannich Reaction • Nucleophilicity of Sulfur Compounds • Oxidation States of Sulfur Compounds • Petasis Reaction • Preparation of Amines • Reactions of Amines • Specialized Acylation Reagents-Vilsmeier Reagent • Ugi Reaction

Related Functional Groups of
[ 926-39-6 ]

Sulfonates

A265284 [1072-53-3]

1,3,2-Dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide

Similarity: 0.73

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P313	Get medical advice/attention.
P314	Get medical advice/attention if you feel unwell.
P315	Get immediate medical advice/attention.
P320
P302 + P352	IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water.
P321
P322
P330	Rinse mouth.
P331	Do NOT induce vomiting.
P332	IF SKIN irritation occurs:
P333	If skin irritation or rash occurs:
P334	Immerse in cool water/wrap n wet bandages.
P335	Brush off loose particles from skin.
P336	Thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water. Do not rub affected area.
P337	If eye irritation persists:
P338	Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P340	Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P341	If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P342	If experiencing respiratory symptoms:
P350	Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P351	Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.
P352	Wash with plenty of soap and water.
P353	Rinse skin with water/shower.
P360	Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P361	Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing.
P362	Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P363	Wash contaminated clothing before reuse.
P370	In case of fire:
P371	In case of major fire and large quantities:
P372	Explosion risk in case of fire.
P373	DO NOT fight fire when fire reaches explosives.
P374	Fight fire with normal precautions from a reasonable distance.
P376	Stop leak if safe to do so. Oxidising gases (section 2.4) 1
P377	Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P378
P380	Evacuate area.
P381	Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so.
P390	Absorb spillage to prevent material damage.
P391	Collect spillage. Hazardous to the aquatic environment
P301 + P310	IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P301 + P312	IF SWALLOWED: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician IF you feel unwell.
P301 + P330 + P331	IF SWALLOWED: Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting.
P302 + P334	IF ON SKIN: Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P302 + P350	IF ON SKIN: Gently wash with plenty of soap and water.
P303 + P361 + P353	IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off Immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse SKIN with water/shower.
P304 + P312	IF INHALED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P304 + P340	IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and Keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P304 + P341	IF INHALED: If breathing is difficult, remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305 + P351 + P338	IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
P306 + P360	IF ON CLOTHING: Rinse Immediately contaminated CLOTHING and SKIN with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P307 + P311	IF exposed: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P308 + P313	IF exposed or concerned: Get medical advice/attention.
P309 + P311	IF exposed or if you feel unwell: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P332 + P313	IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P333 + P313	IF SKIN irritation or rash occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P335 + P334	Brush off loose particles from skin. Immerse in cool water/wrap in wet bandages.
P337 + P313	IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention.
P342 + P311	IF experiencing respiratory symptoms: call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
P370 + P376	In case of fire: Stop leak if safe to Do so.
P370 + P378	In case of fire:
P370 + P380	In case of fire: Evacuate area.
P370 + P380 + P375	In case of fire: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
P371 + P380 + P375	In case of major fire and large quantities: Evacuate area. Fight fire remotely due to the risk of explosion.
Storage
Code	Phrase
P401
P402	Store in a dry place.
P403	Store in a well-ventilated place.
P404	Store in a closed container.
P405	Store locked up.
P406	Store in corrosive resistant/ container with a resistant inner liner.
P407	Maintain air gap between stacks/pallets.
P410	Protect from sunlight.
P411
P412	Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/ 122 oF.
P413
P420	Store away from other materials.
P422
P402 + P404	Store in a dry place. Store in a closed container.
P403 + P233	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed.
P403 + P235	Store in a well-ventilated place. Keep cool.
P410 + P403	Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
P410 + P412	Protect from sunlight. Do not expose to temperatures exceeding 50 oC/122oF.
P411 + P235	Keep cool.
Disposal
Code	Phrase
P501	Dispose of contents/container to ...
P502	Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling

Physical hazards
Code	Phrase
H200	Unstable explosive
H201	Explosive; mass explosion hazard
H202	Explosive; severe projection hazard
H203	Explosive; fire, blast or projection hazard
H204	Fire or projection hazard
H205	May mass explode in fire
H220	Extremely flammable gas
H221	Flammable gas
H222	Extremely flammable aerosol
H223	Flammable aerosol
H224	Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
H225	Highly flammable liquid and vapour
H226	Flammable liquid and vapour
H227	Combustible liquid
H228	Flammable solid
H229	Pressurized container: may burst if heated
H230	May react explosively even in the absence of air
H231	May react explosively even in the absence of air at elevated pressure and/or temperature
H240	Heating may cause an explosion
H241	Heating may cause a fire or explosion
H242	Heating may cause a fire
H250	Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air
H251	Self-heating; may catch fire
H252	Self-heating in large quantities; may catch fire
H260	In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously
H261	In contact with water releases flammable gas
H270	May cause or intensify fire; oxidizer
H271	May cause fire or explosion; strong oxidizer
H272	May intensify fire; oxidizer
H280	Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated
H281	Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury
H290	May be corrosive to metals
Health hazards
Code	Phrase
H300	Fatal if swallowed
H301	Toxic if swallowed
H302	Harmful if swallowed
H303	May be harmful if swallowed
H304	May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways
H305	May be harmful if swallowed and enters airways
H310	Fatal in contact with skin
H311	Toxic in contact with skin
H312	Harmful in contact with skin
H313	May be harmful in contact with skin
H314	Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
H315	Causes skin irritation
H316	Causes mild skin irritation
H317	May cause an allergic skin reaction
H318	Causes serious eye damage
H319	Causes serious eye irritation
H320	Causes eye irritation
H330	Fatal if inhaled
H331	Toxic if inhaled
H332	Harmful if inhaled
H333	May be harmful if inhaled
H334	May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled
H335	May cause respiratory irritation
H336	May cause drowsiness or dizziness
H340	May cause genetic defects
H341	Suspected of causing genetic defects
H350	May cause cancer
H351	Suspected of causing cancer
H360	May damage fertility or the unborn child
H361	Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
H361d	Suspected of damaging the unborn child
H362	May cause harm to breast-fed children
H370	Causes damage to organs
H371	May cause damage to organs
H372	Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
H373	May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Environmental hazards
Code	Phrase
H400	Very toxic to aquatic life
H401	Toxic to aquatic life
H402	Harmful to aquatic life
H410	Very toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H411	Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H412	Harmful to aquatic life with long-lasting effects
H413	May cause long-lasting harmful effects to aquatic life
H420	Harms public health and the environment by destroying ozone in the upper atmosphere

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CAS No.: 926-39-6

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