Structure of 117-21-5
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CAS No. : | 117-21-5 |
Formula : | C8H3ClO3 |
M.W : | 182.56 |
SMILES Code : | O=C(C1=CC=CC(Cl)=C12)OC2=O |
MDL No. : | MFCD00023107 |
InChI Key : | UERPUZBSSSAZJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Pubchem ID : | 67014 |
GHS Pictogram: |
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Signal Word: | Warning |
Hazard Statements: | H315-H319-H335 |
Precautionary Statements: | P261-P305+P351+P338 |
* All experimental methods are cited from the reference, please refer to the original source for details. We do not guarantee the accuracy of the content in the reference.
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In acetic acid; for 3h;Reflux; | SYNTHESIS EXAMPLE 105-1 An acetic acid (200 mL) solution of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> (36.5 g) and aniline (18.6 g) was heated to reflux for 3 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction mixture was poured into iced water, and the precipitated crystal was collected by filtration, washed with water and 5% isopropanol aqueous solution, and then dried. The resulting crude crystal was washed with a t-butylmethylether/petroleum ether mixed solvent to obtain 3-chloro-N-phenylphthalimide (50.1 g). 1H-NMR (CDCl3, δ ppm): 7.38-7.55 (5H, m), 7.69-7.74 (2H, m), 7.85-7.91 (1H, m). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
83% | With aluminum (III) chloride; at 90℃; for 2h; | General procedure: A mixture of the corresponding phthalic anhydride (1 mol. equiv.), the appropriate halobenzene (8 mol. equiv.), and aluminium chloride (2.4 mol. equiv.) was heated at 90 oC for 2h, then cooled to room temperature. Ice was added followed by conc. HCl (5 mL) and the mixture was extracted into DCM (3 x 50 mL) and washed with 10% Na2CO3 solution (2 x 50 mL). The Na2CO3 washings were combined and acidified to pH3 with conc. HCl acid. The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration and dried in a vacuum oven. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
93% | With hydrazine hydrate; acetic acid; at 0 - 125℃; for 2h;Inert atmosphere; | 3-Chloro-phthalic anhydride (5a, purchased from TCI) (10 g, 54.95 mmol) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (100 mL), and hydrazine hydrate (20 mL) was added dropwise at 0C, and then refluxed for two hours at 125C. When the reaction was completed, the solution was cooled down to room temperature, filtrated, and washed with water until the filtrate pH=6.0, and then dried to give 5-chloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazin-1,4-dione (5b), 10.08 g white solid (yield 93%). |
93% | With hydrazine hydrate; acetic acid; In acetic acid; at 0 - 125℃; for 2h; | 3-Chloro-phthalic anhydride (5a, purchased from TCI) (10 g, 54.95 mmol) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (100 mL), and hydrazine hydrate (20 mL) was added dropwise at 0 C., and then refluxed for two hours at 125 C. When the reaction was completed, the solution was cooled down to room temperature, filtrated, and washed with water until the filtrate pH 6.0, and then dried to give 5-chloro-2,3-dihydrophthalazin-1,4-dione (5b), 10.08 g white solid (yield 93%). |
With hydrogenchloride; hydrazine hydrate; In quinoline; for 24h;Reflux; | General procedure: A stirred solution of phthalic anhydride (S1, 1.0 equiv), HCl (10 wt% aq), and N2H4*H2O (1.5 equiv) was refluxed in an oil bath for 24 hours under air. Then, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and filtered through filter paper.The filter cake was washed with H2O and dried under reduced pressure to give 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione (S2). The crude material was used for the next step without further purification. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
96% | With acetic acid; at 100℃; for 3h; | Add <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> (365 mg, 2.0 mmol) and aminopropionic acid (190 mg, 2.1 mmol) to glacial acetic acid(10 mL), heated to 100 C for 3 h. The reaction was quenched with water (10 mL), and the pH of the solution was adjusted to NaOH solution (0.1 mol/L).6-8. Filtered and dried to give a yellow solid 425mg, LC-MS and 1H-NMR confirmed the expected intermediate compound, yield 96.0%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
A 45.85 g sample of an oxidation mixture in acetic acid from the oxidation of 3- and 4-chloroxylene in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising cobalt and manganese was treated with 0.143 g. of oxalic acid dihydrate and brought to reflux for 30 minutes (this process removed about 90% of the cobalt and >50% of the manganese by precipitation as the oxalate salts). The solution was then passed through a glass frit under vacuum. The remainder of the solvent was removed by evaporation (down to 16.2 g.) and distillation (down to 14.0 g. residue). The remaining light yellow solid was combined with 60 ml. of water and 40 ml. of toluene, and mixed. There was some emulsion layer which was treated in a second wash with an additional 15 ml. each of water and toluene. The solvent was removed by evaporation of each fraction to leave 10.6 g. in the water fraction and 2.7 g. in the toluene fraction. The fractions were analyzed by GC. The analytical results are shown in Table 7. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
In water; at 60℃; for 2h; | A 35 wt. % solution of crude chlorophthalic acid in water was prepared by adding appropriate amounts of 4- and 3-chlorophthalic anhydride (70/30 isomer ratio) along with a mixture of about 3 wt. % (based on crude chlorophthalic anhydride) of synthetic 4- and 7-chlorophthalide (produced by reduction of 3-chlorophthalic anhydride). This mixture was stirred at approximately 60 C. for 2 hours after which all of the chlorophthalic anhydride had hydrolyzed to chlorophthalic acid as shown by gas chromatographic (GC) analysis which showed no anhydride in the extracted organic phase. A number of vials were prepared each containing 5 milliliters (ml.) of an aqueous phase comprising a certain concentration of crude chlorophthalic acid (5 wt. % to 35 wt. %, based on the weight of the entire aqueous phase and, optionally, acetic acid (0 wt. % to 36 wt. %, based on the weight of the entire aqueous phase). Each vial was then treated with 5 ml. of either toluene, o-dichlorobenzene (ODCB), or ortho-xylene. The vials were then shaken vigorously in a mechanical shaker for 50 minutes at a specified temperature (22 C., 42 C., or 60 C.). The phases were allowed to separate over several hours (actual phase separation occurred much quicker than this) and then each phase was sampled using a pipette. No stable emulsions were observed under the conditions which were examined. The organic phase was analyzed directly by GC (using biphenyl internal standard, following silylation of the product mixture), while for the aqueous phase, water was evaporated and solid residue was redissolved in organic solvent before GC analysis. The analytical data were used to calculate an equilibrium constant, K, which represented the ratio of chlorophthalides mass fraction in the organic phase to that in the aqueous phase. The analytical data were also used to calculate a selectivity constant, beta, which represented the quotient of [(wt. fraction of chlorophthalides in xylene)/(wt fraction of chlorophthalic acids in xylene)] divided by the quotient of [(wt fraction of chlorophthalides in water)/(wt fraction of chlorophthalic acids in water)]. The data in Table 1 show results of extractions performed at 22 C. with no acetic acid present. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With acetic anhydride; at 122 - 136℃; for 2h;Product distribution / selectivity; | Example 2a (Cyclization Procedure Using Acetic Anhydride) The crude reaction product of Example 2 was divided into two identical fractions each weighing 1355 grams. One of the two fractions was subjected to distillation at atmospheric pressure (pot temperature 150 C.) until a total of about 952.9 grams of a mixture of water and acetic acid had been collected in the receiving vessel. The maximum head temperature was 122 C. When the head temperature reached 122 C. acetic anhydride (196.5 g, 1.93 mole) was added dropwise to the distillation flask and the resultant blue solution (no precipitate was observed) was heated at reflux (136 C.) for a two hour period. A mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride (198.6 grams) was then distilled off at atmospheric pressure (pot temperature 160 C.). Thereafter, vacuum was carefully applied to remove any remaining acetic anhydride, and the product chlorophthalic anhydride was distilled under vacuum. Two fractions were collected, the first distilled at 70-98 C. at a pressure in a range between 18 and 645 mbar. The first fraction (81.2 grams) contained residual acetic acid, acetic anhydride and product chlorophthalic anhydride. The second fraction distilled at between 136 and 144 C. at a pressure in a range between 3 and 5 mbar. The second fraction distilled at between 136 and 144 C. at a pressure in a range between 3 and 5 mbar. The second fraction consisted essentially of a mixture of 3- and 4-chlorophthalic anhydride (276.6 g, 1.52 mole, 86.6% of theory). Examples 3a-14a were carried out as described for Example 2. Data are gathered in Table 2. | |
at 175℃; under 60.006 Torr; for 3h;Product distribution / selectivity; | The crude reaction product of Example 14 was sampled for analysis and then divided into two identical fractions (fractions ?a? and ?b?) each weighing 1351 grams. Fraction ?b? was charged to a 2-liter flask. Distillation was carried out at atmospheric pressure (maximum pot temperature 175 C.) until a total of about 1012.8 grams of distillate had been removed. Vacuum was then carefully applied until a pressure of about 80 mbar was achieved and the mixture was heated under vacuum for about 3 hours at 175 C. to effect ring closure and water removal. The crude anhydride was vacuum distilled to afford purified chlorophthalic anhydride (282.6 g, 88.5%) as a colorless solid. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
40% | N-[bis(diethylamino)methylene]-N-ethylethane ammonium chloride; In 1,2-dichloro-benzene; at 180℃; for 2h; | A dry 100 mL flask was charged with 2.0 g (7.3 mmol) of the disodium bisphenol A, 2.67 g (14.6 mmol) of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong>, 4 mL (14 mmol) of hexaethylguanidinium chloride as a 15 weight % solution in o-dichlorobenzene, 48 g of dry o-dichlorobenzene, and 100 mg of o-terphenyl (internal standard). The flask was immersed in an oil bath maintained at 180 C. and the mixture was stirred magnetically. The reaction was followed as in Example 1. The yield of bisphenol A dianhydride had reached 40 % after 2 hour. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
95% | In acetic acid; | (1-1) Production of 3-chloro-N-[4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-2-methylphenyl]phthalimide In 10 ml of acetic acid were dissolved 0.55 g of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> and 0.67 g of 4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-2-methylaniline, and the reaction was carried out with heating under reflux for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was washed with an ether-hexane mixed solvent to obtain 1.1 g of the desired compound. Physical property: m.p. 121-122 C. Yield: 95%. |
95% | In acetic acid; | (1-1) Production of 3-chloro-N-[4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy) -2 -methylphenyl]phthalimide In 10 ml of acetic acid were dissolved 0.55 g of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> and 0.67 g of 4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-2-methylaniline, and the reaction was carried out with heating under reflux for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure and the resulting residue was washed with an ether-hexane mixed solvent to obtain 1.1 g of the desired compound. Physical property: m.p. 121-122 C. Yield: 95%. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With sodium acetate; In acetic acid; | EXAMPLE 9 2-(2,6-Dioxo(3-piperidyl))-4-chloroisoindoline-1,3-dione 2-(2,6-Dioxo(3-piperidyl))-4-chloroisoindoline-1,3-dione was prepared by the procedure of Example 1 from <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> (0.40 g, 2.2 mmol), 3-aminopiperidine-2,6-dione hydrogen chloride (0.36 g, 2.2 mmol) and sodium acetate (0.19 g, 2.4 mmol) in acetic acid (10 mL). The product was a white solid (0.44 g, 69% yield); mp, 290.0-291.5 C.; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ2.05-2.11 (m, 1H, CHH), 2.49-2.64 (m, 2H, CH2), 2.64-2.92 (m, 1H, CHH), 5.17 (dd, J=5.2, 12.7 Hz, 1H, NCH), 7.86-7.94 (m, 3H, Ar), 11.17 (br s, 1H, NH); 13C NMR (DMSO-d6) δ21.83, 30.91, 49.12, 122.41, 126.94, 129.84, 133.52, 136.11, 136.39, 164.77, 165.76, 169.73, 172.77; Anal Calcd for C13H9N2O4Cl: C, 53.35; H, 3.10; N, 9.57; Cl, 12.11. Found: C, 53.37; H, 2.94; N, 9.30, Cl, 11.97. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With aluminum (III) chloride; In 1,2-dichloro-ethane; for 0.5h;Heating / reflux; | To a solution of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> (3.7 g, 20 mmol) ((J. Org. Chem., 1987, 52,129-134) in 60 mL ofanhydrous 1,2-dichloroethane was added 6.6 g (50 mmol) of AlCls followed by 4.6 g (20mmol) of methyl 3-(3-chloro-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoate (WO 03/023357). Thereaction was heated at reflux for 30 min, cooled and concentrated. The resultant gelatinousmaterial was partitioned between cold 2 N HC1 (100 mL) and ethyl acetate (100 mL). Theorganic layer was washed with 1 N HC1, brine, dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated to affordan oily material (mixture of 6- and 2-chloroisomers). The oil was dissolved indichloromethane (~40 mL) and briefly sonicated (ultrasound bath) to initiate crystallization.The mixture was cooled (ice/water bath) and allowed to crystallize for 30 min (extendedcrystallization time will result in co-crystallization of undesired 2-chloro isomer). Thecrystals were collected by filtration washed with cold dichloromethane. Drying undervacuum afforded 4.01 g of desired 6-chloro isomer (32). *H NMR (DMSO-d6) 8 12.47 (br s,1H), 10.78 (br s, 1H), 8.06 (d, J=7.7 Hz ,1H), 7.89 (d, J-7.9 Hz, 1H), 7.71 (t, J=7.9 Hz, 1H),6.76 (s, 1H), 3.46 (s, 3H), 2.27 (m, 2H), 2.41 (t, J=6.6 Hz, 2H). |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
With thionyl chloride; potassium fluoride; urea; In sulfolane; water; acetone; | EXAMPLE 2 500 parts (2.739 moles) of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> and 49.9 parts of thionyl chloride are added to 820 parts of sulfolane, while stirring. The mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at 100 C., after which the evolution of gas is complete. Excess thionyl chloride is stripped off under reduced pressure from a water pump, after which 175 parts of potassium fluoride are added and stirring is continued for 6 hours at 210 C. The mixture is cooled to 60 C., and 82 parts (1.37 moles) of urea are then added. The mixture is stirred for 1 hour 30 minutes at 130 C., when evolution of gas is complete, after which stirring is continued for a further 15 minutes at 170 C. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature, 300 parts of acetone are added, while stirring, and the predominantly inorganic precipitate is filtered off under suction. The filtrate is freed from acetone in a rotary evaporator, and the residue is then distilled over a 10 cm packed column at a bath temperature of 140-170 C. under 0.4 mbar. The distillation residue is stirred with water, and the product is filtered off under suction, washed with methyl tert.-butyl ether and dried, 382 parts (84.5% of theory) of 3-fluorophthalimide of melting point 176-179 C. being obtained. By treating the inorganic residue with 300 parts of acetone, separating off the extract and evaporating it down under reduced pressure, a further 29 parts (6.8% of theory) of 3-fluorophthalimide of melting point 166-178 C. are isolated. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
69% | With potassium fluoride; | (A) A mixture of 20 parts of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong>, and 20 parts of anhydrous potassium fluoride was heated and maintained at about 235 C. for about 9 hours. The reaction mixture was then cooled and the crude product removed by vaccum distillation and recrystallized from chloroform to yield 12.65 parts of purified 3-fluorophthalic anhydride (69% yield). |
99 g | In a 1L three-necked flask, add 500ml of sulfolane, and then add 180g of <strong>[117-21-5]3-chlorophthalic anhydride</strong> to it,The ice bath is cooled to below 10C, and 280g of thionyl chloride is added dropwise to it. After the dropping is completed, the temperature is raised to about 100C to react for 3 hours, the temperature is lowered to room temperature, and the thionyl chloride is removed by rotary evaporation.Then 180g of anhydrous potassium fluoride was added to it. After adding potassium fluoride, the system was heated to 100C for 6 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. The inorganic salt was filtered off with suction. The filtrate was slowly poured into 900ml of ice water to precipitate a large amount of solids. Continue to stir for 2 hours and filter with suction to obtain the filter cake,Dry under vacuum to obtain crude 3-fluorophthalic anhydride.Dissolve the crude 3-fluorophthalic anhydride with 800ml of dichloromethane, dry with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and filter with suction.Rotate the filter cake until solids are precipitated, add 2L of petroleum ether to it, continue to stir for 1 hour, and filter with suction.The filter cake is vacuum dried,99g of pure 3-fluorophthalic anhydride was obtained. |
Yield | Reaction Conditions | Operation in experiment |
---|---|---|
81 wt.% | With sodium hydroxide; | B. 3-Nitrophthalic Anhydride Phenyltrichlorophosphonium hexachlorophosphide (4 g, 8.8 mM) was added to phenylphosphonic dichloride (10 ml). To this solutoin, 3 nitrophthalic anhydride (1.7 g, 8.8 mM) was added. The reaction mixture was heated to 170 C. for 12 hours, then cooled to room temperature and poured onto ice. After neutralizing with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide, the reaction was extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined ethyl acetate extracts were washed with brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo to give 3-chlorophthalic anhydride (1.3 g, 81 wt. % yield) as a tan solid. |